利用群体动力提高家具企业的安全绩效

家具企业由于受到材料特性和技术水平的限制，安全现状不容乐观。把群体动力理论引入到家具企业安全管理中，利用群体动力提高家具企业的安全绩效：（1）以班组为单位，选拔和培养班组的核心人物作为班组长，提高班组凝聚力；（2）设计适当的班组安全目标，激励班组成员的安全内在需要；（3）贯彻班组安全行为规范，培养班组成员的良好习惯；（4）发挥老乡帮等非正式群体的积极作用。     

ACOUSTIC PROPAGATION IN SHEARED MEAN FLOW USING COMPUTATIONAL AEROACOUSTICS

Acoustic propagation problems in the sheared mean flow are numerically investigated using different acoustic propagation equations, including linearized Euler equations （LEE） and acoustic perturbation equations （APE）. The resulted acoustic pressure is compared for the cases of uniform mean flow and sheared mean flow using both APE and LEE. Numerical results show that interactions between acoustics and mean flow should be properly considered to better understand noise propagation problems, and the suitable option of the different acous- tic equations is indicated by the present comparisons. Moreover, the ability of APE to predict acoustic propagation is validated. APE can replace LEE when the 3-D flowqnduced noise problem is solved, thus computational cost can decrease.     

倾转旋翼机的多体运动建模与仿真(英文)

现有的倾转旋翼机建模着重于研究其复杂的气动特性,在飞行动力学运动方程方面则研究不足,均采用了普通固定翼飞机的六自由度刚体动力学方程。然而,倾转旋翼机在过渡模式,旋翼和短舱的倾转使飞机构型产生动态变化,除了造成气动力干扰以外,旋翼和短舱的倾转还会引起重心变化,而且由于高速旋转的旋翼倾转会产生陀螺力矩效应,造成对机体的姿态干扰,采用六自由度刚体动力学方程不能反映由此造成的多体惯性耦合问题。为此,本文提出将旋翼、短舱、机体视为不同运动实体,建立倾转旋翼机的多体动力学方程,以完善其飞行动力学建模。建模过程中首先对各个微元运用牛顿定律和角动量定理,然后对各实体积分得到了惯性系下多体动力学方程,最后通过转换得到机体坐标系下的多体动力学方程组。该方程组在形式上为隐式非线性微分方程组,需首先求解状态微分量的相容初值。然后采用Runge-Kutta-Felhberg积分算法,对隐式非线性微分方程组进行了数值仿真。以XV-15数据为例对模型和仿真算法进行检验,结果表明模型和仿真算法正确。建立的模型和采用的仿真算法对研究倾转旋翼机飞行动力学特性、飞行控制技术、飞行安全问题有重要的理论和实际意义。     

The dynamics and control of the CubeSail mission: A solar sailing demonstration

The CubeSail mission is a low-cost demonstration of the UltraSail solar sailing concept (, ,  and ), using two near-identical CubeSat satellites to deploy a 260 m-long, 20 m² reflecting film. The two satellites are launched as a unit, detumbled, and separated, with the film unwinding symmetrically from motorized reels. The conformity to the CubeSat specification allows for reduction in launch costs as a secondary payload and utilization of the University of Illinois-developed spacecraft bus. The CubeSail demonstration is the first in a series of increasingly-complex missions aimed at validating several spacecraft subsystems, including attitude determination and control, the separation release unit, reel-based film deployment, as well as the dynamical behavior of the sail and on-orbit solar propulsion. The presented work describes dynamical behavior and control methods used during three main phases of the mission. The three phases include initial detumbling and stabilization using magnetic torque actuators, gravity-gradient-based deployment of the film, and steady-state film deformations in low Earth orbit in the presence of external forces of solar radiation pressure, aerodynamic drag, and gravity-gradient.     

广义经典力学系统动力学方程积分的Jacobi最终乘子法

研究动力学系统的积分问题,将Jacobi最终乘子法应用于积分广义经典力学系统的动力学方程。建立了广义经典力学系统的运动微分方程;定义了广义经典力学系统的Jacobi最终乘子;研究了系统的第一积分与Jacobi最终乘子的关系。研究表明:对于位形由n个广义坐标确定且拉格朗日函数含有广义坐标对时间的ω阶导数的广义经典力学系统,如果已知系统的(2ωn-1)个第一积分,则可利用Jacobi最终乘子给出系统的解。文末举例说明结果的应用。     

Review of shock wave detection method in CFD post-processing

In the present computational fluid dynamics (CFD) community, post-processing is regarded as a procedure to view parameter distribution, detect characteristic structure and reveal physical mechanism of fluid flow based on computational or experimental results. Field plots by contours, iso-surfaces, streamlines, vectors and others are traditional post-processing techniques. While the shock wave, as one important and critical flow structure in many aerodynamic problems, can hardly be detected or distinguished in a direct way using these traditional methods, due to possible confusions with other similar discontinuous flow structures like slip line, contact discontinuity, etc. Therefore, method for automatic detection of shock wave in post-processing is of great importance for both academic research and engineering applications. In this paper, the current status of methodologies developed for shock wave detection and implementations in post-processing platform are reviewed, as well as discussions on advantages and limitations of the existing methods and proposals for further studies of shock wave detection method. We also develop an advanced post-processing software, with improved shock detection.     

时变磨损间隙对机构可靠性的动态影响

为克服磨损速率恒定和磨损影响因素随机性假设带来的不足,并准确预测机构磨损可靠性的动态变化过程,利用等效弹簧阻尼接触碰撞力模型和磨损过程离散化方法,建立了关节间隙的时变磨损方程;引入PHI2方法、定义上穿率,将时变磨损方程转变成时变可靠性方程,从而提出了含时变间隙多体系统动力学和PHI2方法相结合的磨损可靠性分析方法。以某星载天线双轴定位机构为例,研究了产品可靠性及参数概率灵敏度的动态变化规律,分析了磨损各参数对产品可靠性的影响。结果表明,在稳定磨损阶段结束以前,接触碰撞力是主导因素,其对可靠性的敏感度是其他因素的10倍以上,此后,间隙将超过接触碰撞力,成为新的主导因素;且间隙存在临界情况,在此之前,间隙的适当增大有利于产品可靠性的提高。相比于现有研究强调磨损随机性、忽略磨损过程的非线性变化和间隙时变对可靠性的影响,所提方法能准确预示磨损及可靠性的动态变化过程。     

卫星定位系统与飞行力学

概述了卫星定位系统的发展和应用，重点论述了它与飞行力学的关系，在ＧＰＳ卫星星座布置，地面站测控和用户应用中，飞行力学及其相关学科作为应用基础起到了重要的作用，成为卫星定位这门新兴交叉学科的一部分，最后提出了作为ＧＰＳ高级应用专题的飞行力学若干研究课题。     

V字形钝前缘激波反射迟滞现象

针对内转式进气道唇口在宽速域条件下面临的复杂激波干扰问题,将唇口模化为V字形钝前缘,采用数值模拟并辅以风洞实验,研究了典型V字形构型（根部倒圆半径R与前缘钝化半径r之比R/r=1,半扩张角β=18°）激波反射结构随来流马赫数Ma_∞的演变过程。结果表明,随着Ma_∞的增大或减小,V字形后掠前缘的脱体激波产生规则反射（Regular reflection,RR）和马赫反射（Mach reflection,MR）,并且两者的相互转变过程出现迟滞。初场为RR时,V字形根部产生大范围的流动分离和分离激波;随着Ma_∞由5.7逐渐增大至6.5,脱体激波的交点向下游移动并与分离激波的交点重合,使RR转变为MR。初场为MR时,马赫杆下游存在大尺度的反转涡对;随着Ma_∞由6.7逐渐减小至5.9,反转涡对不再影响脱体激波,使MR转变为RR。通过Ma_∞=6的风洞实验证实,在相同来流条件下存在RR和MR双解。基于对脱体激波交点、分离激波交点和反转涡对尺度随Ma_∞变化规律的认识,建立了RR?MR的转变边界。在双解区中,RR工况的壁面压力最大值约为MR工况的2~3倍,表明迟滞现象将导致唇口气动载荷突变。     

中航工业高性能计算和网格应用系统

简要介绍了网格计算在航空工业的应用情况,提出了中航工业高性能计算和网格应用系统AVICGrid的总体框架,及其在飞机高精度大规模气动计算、气动弹性优化设计和数字化装配等三个典型应用方向的网格实现技术,实现了AVICGrid原型系统,为通过网格计算技术提供全行业高性能计算服务打下基础。