CME-geometry and cosmic-ray anisotropy observed by a prototype muon detector network

We analyze the cosmic-ray anisotropy observed by a prototype network of muon detectors during geomagnetic storms associated with coronal mass ejections (CMEs). The network currently consists of multidirectional surface muon detectors at Nagoya (Japan) and Hobart (Australia), together with a prototype detector at São Martinho (Brazil) which has been in operation since March, 2001. In this report, we analyze the anisotropy recorded in both the muon detector and neutron monitor (the Spaceship Earth) networks and find significant enhancements of cosmic-ray anisotropy during geomagnetic storms. Following the analysis by Bieber and Evenson [Bieber, J.W., Evenson, P. CME geometry in relation to cosmic ray anisotropy. Geophys. Res. Lett. 25 (1998) 2955–2958] for the neutron monitor data at 10 GeV, we also derive cosmic-ray density gradients from muon data at higher-energy (50 GeV), possibly reflecting the larger-scale geometry of CMEs causing geomagnetic storms. We particularly find in some events the anisotropy enhancement clearly starting prior to the storm onset in both the muon and neutron data. This is the first result of the CME-geometry derived from simultaneous observations of the anisotropy with networks of multidirectional muon detectors and neutron monitors.     

Optical search for gamma-ray bursts

The preliminary results from optical search for light pulses associated with gamma ray bursts by means of the Czechoslovak Fireball Network plate collection at the Ondřejov observatory are given. Optical monitoring represents more than 7700 hours, but no real optical counterpart was found. Problems associated with the optical search for gamma ray bursts are discussed.     

Remnants of compact binary mergers

We investigate the long-term evolution and observability of remnants originating from the merger of compact binary systems and discuss the differences to supernova remnants. Compact binary mergers expel much smaller amounts of mass at much higher velocities, as compared to supernovae, which will affect the dynamical evolution of their remnants. The ejecta of mergers consist of very neutron rich nuclei. Some of these neutron rich nuclei will produce observational signatures in form of gamma ray lines during their decay. The composition of the ejecta might even give interesting constraints about the internal structure of the neutron star. We further discuss the possibility that merger remnants appear as recently discovered ‘dark accelerators’ which are extended TeV sources which lack emission in other bands.     

Constraints on injection parameters of cosmic rays in the Galactic center from resolved HESS observations

In this study, we investigate how restrictive the γ-ray emission from the Galactic center region, as seen by HESS and other Cherenkov air shower arrays, is against various models for cosmic ray injection. We derive diffusion coefficients which fit the observed spatial scales of diffuse γ-ray emission from the extended emission associated with the molecular clouds SgrA, B and C. Using these diffusion coefficients, we then obtain a limit for time scale of assumed recent proton acceleration near the SMBH, as the spatial size of SgrA^∗ in VHE γ-rays has to be consistent with the observed unresolved HESS point source size at this position. The signal from this hadronic component may be mixed with the expected VHE inverse Compton emission from the nearby unresolved pulsar wind nebula.     

定几何二元倒置“X”型混压式超声速进气道数值仿真与实验验证

针对一种定几何二元倒置"X"型混压式超声速进气道开展了数值仿真研究, 结果表明:随着来流马赫数的增加, 进气道总压恢复系数下降, 而流量系数却先上升, 在设计点达到最大值后下降.当攻角变化时, 小攻角α<6°时迎背风两侧进气道总压恢复系数虽有下降但变化幅度不大, 对于流量系数, 在小攻角α<6°下背风侧进气道高于迎风侧进气道, 但两侧总的流量随攻角变化不大;在大攻角状态下(α=6°～9°), 背风侧进气道总压恢复系数和流量系数均下降剧烈, 而迎风侧进气道总压恢复系数虽然下降但流量系数却有上升.同时, 与实验结果对比表明, 两者规律趋势一致.      

激波绕射触发爆震波的试验研究

在单爆震试验平台上对激波绕射触发爆震波的特性进行了试验研究.针对不同的激波反射器结构尺寸,测量了爆震管内气体压力变化历程及火焰传播速度,获得了不同工况下激波绕射触发爆震波的特性.结果表明:激波反射器对爆震波的形成有促进作用,并取决于反射器中的反射锥及反射孔板的结构与尺寸;在反射锥堵塞比一定的情况下,存在最佳反射锥锥角使得爆震波的形成距离最小;而反射锥与反射孔板的间距增大,爆震波形成距离增大,一旦形成稳定的爆震波后,反射器对爆震波压力的影响不大.      

多杯圆形辐射器方向图分析计算

利用矩量法和几何绕射理论(GTD)分析计算多杯多模圆形辐射器的辐射场.辐射器中心波导为圆波导,由TE₁₁模激励,带有若干个同轴杯.首先利用等效原理和矩量法计算嵌在无限大金属板上圆形辐射器的等效磁流分布,允许各波导区域中有任意多个高次模式存在,利用傅里叶变换法求得其辐射方向图,然后把该辐射场作为有限圆形接地板边缘的入射场,利用GTD计算圆接地板边缘对辐射器方向图的贡献.具体分析了三杯圆形辐射器的方向图,计算结果与实验结果吻合良好.      

以捷径法提高射线追踪效率

为改善计算效率,提出了一种捷径法对射线追踪法进行改进. 射线追踪的计算时间主要耗费在求交判断上. 通过实际计算并记录一条射线管的轨迹,作为其后若干条射线管求交计算的优先参考,避免了再次进行漫无目的的遍历式求交,从而大量减少进行实际计算的射线管数量,节省射线求交运算时间. 经编程计算验证,该优化算法能够在保证相当精度的前提下,大幅度提高射线追踪法的计算效率,具备一定的实用价值.      

MPT方法中的纳米粒子识别技术

多粒子追踪（MPT）是测量粒子布朗运动的一种方法。在200nm粒子扩散系数实验测量中,对MPT方法中的粒子识别和粒子匹配两个重要环节提出改进：在粒子识别时,通过调节灰度阈值并检测光斑面积的改变,可有效分别真实粒子和光晕引起的＂伪粒子＂;在粒子匹配中,将手动追踪和程序追踪得到的粒子单步位移用矢量法表示,可直观显示不同追踪方法的粒子匹配效果。实验结果表明,在MPT方法中增加上述措施后,手动追踪和程序追踪获得的实验扩散系数之间的偏差由8%~13%减小为2%~8%,说明基于阈值敏感性的＂伪粒子＂剔除方法合理、有效。     

QACVR在赛斯纳“奖状”750飞机上的改装设计方案

提出了QACVR在赛斯纳"奖状"750飞机上的改装设计方案,详细介绍了改装设计中的重点工作。