氧化锆陶瓷基高温自润滑材料

为了,解决较宽温域范围内特别是高温下材料的润滑问题,本文采用热压烧结方法制备了一系列含各种不同固体润滑剂(Mo、MoS2、BaF2、CaF2、BaF2/CaF2、CuO)的氧化锆基高温自润滑陶瓷复合材料.其中ZrO2(Y2O3)-Mo-BaF2/CaF2系列复合物在800 ～1 000℃表现出较低的摩擦因数,在1 000℃摩擦因数低至0.28左右,已接近工程应用的许用值;另一种ZrO2(Y2O3)-MoS2-CaF2系列复合物同SiC陶瓷球对磨时在800～1 000℃内摩擦因数为0.30 ～0.22,具有较好的摩擦磨损性能.     

一维PSD位置敏感光电器件的应用研究

本文简要叙述了一维ＰＳＤ位置敏感光电器件的工作原理，以及采用光学三角法测量构成的尺寸测量传感器，重点介绍ＰＳＤ、半导体激光器实现铁路的钢轨磨耗自动检测的方法。     

纳米铜表征分析与润滑性能研究

本次制备纳米Cu采用的是化学还原反应生成分散的纳米Cu单质。纳米Cu进行表征分析时 ,主要通过X—衍射仪分析和扫描电镜观察分析 ,反复对比观察 ,找到较佳的表征分析方法。润滑试验选用的四冲程发动机油作为基础试验油 ,将制备不同的超微粒子以不同的比例的润滑油 ,磨损实验为进行传统润滑油、纳米润滑油的抗磨减摩性能对比试验研究。试验结果发现 :纳米颗粒不仅具有良好的抗磨减摩性 ,并且一定条件下 ,平均粒径小 10 0nm的纳米Cu颗粒的抗磨减摩效果远优于传统润滑油 ,可能成为新一代润滑油的抗磨减摩添加剂。     

Influences of preload on the friction and wear properties of high-speed instrument angular contact ball bearings

For starved-oil or solid lubrication of high-speed instrument angular contact ball bearings, friction heating and wear are the main reasons of bearing failures. This paper presents a dynamic wear simulation model to investigate the impacts of different preload methods and the changes of preload caused by wear on bearing wear life. The integral value QV of stress and sliding velocity in the contact ellipses between a ball and the inner and outer races determines friction heating and wear. The changes of QV with the friction coefficient and the wear volume under constant-force preload and fixed-position preload are analyzed. Results show that under the same initial preload, the QV decreases with an increase of the friction coefficient for both preload methods, and the latter is slightly larger. The wear of the ball and the race is equivalent to the ball diameter reduction. The QV of constant-force preload is almost not changed with a decrease of the ball diameter, but for fixed-position preload, the value decreases firstly and then increases substantially due to insufficient preload, and slipping occurs, the ball diameter is reduced by 0.025%, while the preload is reduced by 60.33%. An estimation of the bearing wear life under different preload methods requires a consideration of the changes in the wear rate of bearing parts.     

航空活塞发动机磨损故障诊断专家系统设计

航空活塞发动机由于结构复杂,工作条件恶劣,在使用中必然遇到各种各样的故障,而磨损故障是航空活塞发动机最常见的故障形式。因此,本文主要针对目前通用航空中还普遍使用的小型活塞发动机的磨损故障,建立一个具有特定问题域的专家系统。     

航空航天用钛合金表面工程技术研究进展

钛合金以其高比强度、低密度等优点,被广泛应用于航空航天零件中.然而,钛合金也存在硬度低、耐磨性差、高温氧化抗力差等弱点,表面应力集中敏感导致的疲劳问题也较突出,需利用表面工程技术克服磨损、腐蚀和疲劳3大问题.介绍了近10年来钛合金耐磨涂层、抗氧化涂层与抗疲劳表面改性技术的研究进展,并对技术发展趋势进行了展望,为表面工程...     

烧结温度对WC增韧Al2O3陶瓷耐磨性的影响

采用热压 (HP)法制备了不同烧结温度下Al2 O3—WC复合陶瓷材料 ,通过单边切口梁 (SENB)法和三点弯曲等力学性能方法测出了室温下该材料的力学性能 ,对Al2 O3—WC复合陶瓷表面的摩擦磨损特性进行了试验研究。结果表明 ,Al2 O3—WC复合陶瓷在 (16 0 0± 10 )℃、2 5MPa下具有较优良的力学性能和较好的耐磨性 ,并且其耐磨性与抗弯强度和断裂韧性的变化趋势相同 ,与弹性模量和硬度无单调依赖关系。     

Leakage and wear characteristics of carbon seals for aero-engines

Experimental investigation has been performed to study the leakage and wear characteristics of carbon seal working at high circumferential speed. To expand the scope of application, two newly designed carbon seals were compared: #1 Carbon Seal (CS1) with the inner diameter of 136 mm and including 4 segments, #2 Carbon Seal (CS2) with the inner diameter of 212 mm and including 6 segments. Air leakage tests were firstly conducted in the Medium-speed Seal Test Rig. The pressure ratio changed from 1.04 to 2.02 with the rotating speed varying from 0 to 18300 r/min. Of paramount concern was the durability test, including 300 h running time accumulated by three different working conditions, which was separately implemented on each carbon seal. The morphology variation of the friction surface, wear and leakage were recorded. Results indicated that the leakage monotonously increases with the pressure ratio and decreases with the rotating speed. Comparing with CS1, more typical features exist on the friction surface of CS2, which are generated by more severe wear. Continually, leakage characteristics deteriorate. Furthermore, fitted formula has been educed for the life prediction of carbon seal, which could provide some supports for aero-engine design.     

Effects of fiber orientation on tool wear evolution and wear mechanism when cutting carbon fiber reinforced plastics

The aim of the present paper is to reveal the influence of different fiber orientations on the tool wear evolution and wear mechanism. Side-milling experiments with large-diameter milling tools are conducted. A finite element (FE) cutting model of carbon fiber reinforced plastics (CFRP) is established to get insight into the cutting stress status at different wear stages. The results show that different fiber orientations bring about distinct differences in the extent, profile and mechanism of tool wear. Severer wear occurs when cutting 45° and 90° plies, followed by 0°, correspondingly, the least wear is obtained when θ = 135° (θ represents the orientation of fibers). Moreover, the worn profiles of cutting tools when θ = 0° and 45° are waterfall edge, while round edge occurs when θ = 135° and a combined shape of waterfall and round edge is obtained when θ = 90°. The wear mechanisms under different fiber orientations are strongly dependent on the cutting stress distributions. The evolution of tool wear profile is basically consistent with the stress distribution on the tool surface at different wear stages, and the extent of tool wear is determined by the magnitude of stress on the tool surface. Besides, the worn edges produce an actual negative clearance angle, which decreases the actual cutting thickness and leads to compressing and bending failure of fibers beneath the cutting region as well as low surface qualities.     

基于灰色系统理论的刷式密封磨损量的预测方法

运用灰色预测理论，根据已有试验测得的刷丝磨损量数据，建立刷式密封刷丝磨损量的灰色预测模型，估算刷式密封件的使用寿命，并进行了试验验证。试验结果表明：灰色模型预测具有可行性且具有良好的预测精度及，3种试验工况下工作500 min时的刷式密封磨损量进行预测对比，最大相对残差为1.57%，最大绝对残差为0.16 mm³，对后续刷式密封装置的稳定运行、修理和更换具有一定的参考意义。