相控阵主动雷达导引头波形策略

针对高脉冲重复频率脉冲多普勒(HPRF-PD)体制的相控阵主动雷达导引头中存在的距离遮挡问题,设计了一种新的波形选择策略。首先,利用提出的脉冲重复频率(PRF)波形选择策略,离线计算得到距离对应PRF的波形查找表。然后,通过叉积自动频率控制环路滤波(CPAFCLF)算法预估下个相参处理间隔(CPI)导引头与目标间的径向相对速度,并联合提出的基于Sage-Husa带有速度预测的自适应"当前"统计模型(SH-ACSMVP)算法得到的距离跟踪值,获得下个CPI的距离预测值。在跟踪机动目标场景中,相比于"当前"统计(CS)模型跟踪算法及基于"当前"统计模型的自适应无迹卡尔曼滤波(CAUKF)算法,本文算法得到的距离预测误差更小,误差收敛速度更快。根据此距离预测值从波形查找表中选择波形发射,作为下个CPI的发射波形,实现后续跟踪阶段的抗距离遮挡,提高目标跟踪性能。仿真结果表明了本文所设计波形选择策略的正确性及有效性。     

平抑风电场功率波动的复合储能系统控制策略

随着风力发电所占发电比例的上升,其随机性、波动性及间歇性对电网的影响不可忽视。基于超级电容和蓄电池组成的复合储能系统,提出了一种用于抑制风电功率波动的自适应复合储能控制策略,通过引入超级电容荷电状态反馈来实施对低通/高通滤波器时间常数的控制,在完成对风电波动功率平抑的同时,合理分配平抑功率,避免超级电容过充过放。最后通过仿真,针对春夏秋冬不同时间窗口下的功率波动进行平抑,验证了所提自适应控制策略的有效性。     

Distributed online mission planning for multi-player space pursuit and evasion

There are three important roles in evasion conflict: pursuer, target and defender. Pur-suers’ mission is to access targets;targets’ mission is to escape from pursuers’ capture;defenders’ mission is to intercept pursuers who are potentially dangerous to targets. In this paper, a distributed online mission plan (DOMP) algorithm for pursuers is proposed based on fuzzy evaluation and Nash equilibrium. First, an integrated effectiveness evaluation model is given. Then, the details of collaborative mission planning which includes the co-optimization of task distributing, trajectory and corresponding maneuvering scheme are presented. Finally, the convergence and steadiness of DOMP are discussed with simulation results. Compared with centralized mission planning, DOMP is more robust and can greatly improve the effectiveness of pursuing. It can be applied to dynamic scenario due to its distributed architecture.     

航空公司航线重组探讨

三大航空集团成立后，合理地调整航线成为企业再生产的基础。航线资源的重组要符合航空公司经营策略，即低成本策略、差异策略还是集中一点策略。在分析经营战略特点的基础上．研究了航线重组的策略。每种策略都要本着提高航线网络的质量和航班效率的原则。     

Physiologic and metabolic responses of wheat seedlings to elevated and super-elevated carbon dioxide

The metabolic consequence of suboptimal (400 μmol mol⁻¹ or ppm), near-optimal (1500 ppm) and supra-optimal (10,000 ppm) atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations [CO₂] was investigated in an attempt to reveal plausible underlying mechanisms for the differential physiological and developmental responses to increasing [CO₂]. Both non-targeted and targeted metabolite profiling by GC–MS and LC–MS were employed to examine primary and secondary metabolites in wheat (Triticum aestivum, cv Yocoro rojo) continuously exposed to these [CO₂] levels for 14, 21 and 28 days. Metabolite profile was altered by both [CO₂] and physiological age. In general, plants grown under high [CO₂] exhibited a metabolite profile characteristic of older plants under ambient CO₂. Elevated [CO₂] resulted in higher levels of phosphorylated sugar intermediates, though no clear trend in the content of reducing sugars was observed. Transient starch content was enhanced by increasing [CO₂] to a much greater extent at 10,000 ppm CO₂ than at 1500 ppm CO₂. The percentage increase of starch content resulting from CO₂ enrichment declined as plants develope. In contrast, elevated [CO₂] promoted the accumulation of secondary metabolites (flavonoids) progressively to a greater extent as plants became mature. Elevated [CO₂] to 1500 ppm induced a higher initial growth rate, while super-elevated [CO₂] appeared to negate such initial growth promotion. However, after 4 weeks, there was no difference in vegetative growth between 1500 and 10,000 ppm CO₂-grown plants, both elevated CO₂ levels resulted in an overall 25% increase in biomass over the control plants. More interestingly, elevated atmospheric [CO₂] reduced evapotranspiration rate (ET), but further increase to the supra-optimal level resulted in increased ET (a reversed trend), i.e. ET at 1500 ppm < ET at 10,000 ppm < ET at 400 ppm. The differential effect of elevated and super-elevated CO₂ on plants was further reflected in the nitrogen dynamics. These results provide the potential metabolic basis for the differential productivity and stomatal function of plants grown under elevated and super-elevated CO₂ levels.     

An object-level strategy for pan-sharpening quality assessment of high-resolution satellite imagery

Current satellite imaging systems offer a trade-off between high spatial and high spectral resolution providing panchromatic images at a higher spatial resolution and multispectral images at a lower spatial resolution but rich in spectral information while a wide range of applications need the highest level of this information, simultaneously. Image fusion techniques as means of enhancing the information content of initial panchromatic and multispectral images produce new images, titled pan-sharpened, which inherent the advantages of the initial images. Considering the impact of fusion accuracy on the quality of corresponding applications, it is necessary to evaluate the quality of these processed images. During the last decade, a lot of quality evaluation metrics have been proposed which are mostly inspired by traditional image quality metrics. These methods are mostly based on applying quality metrics at the pixel level and evaluating final quality value based on averaging of obtained metric values through the whole image. However, obtained results clearly show that the behaviour of image fusion quality is inconsistent amongst different image objects. In this article, by applying image fusion quality metrics (IFQMs) to image objects, an object-level strategy for quality assessment of the image fusion process is proposed. The proposed strategy is applied to different satellite imagery covering residential and agricultural areas. Experimental results show higher capabilities of object-level quality assessment strategy in the quality assessment of the fusion process. Evaluating fusion quality at the object level provides the potential of fusion quality assessment for each individual image object in compliance with different parameters such as the type of objects and the effective size of objects in data set.     

基于VxWorks的空调系统控制软件设计

基于Vx Works软件环境,针对空调系统工作模式多、工作模式之间逻辑复杂等特点开发了空调系统的控制软件。将系统的功能按照任务优先权行划分,并采用状态转换机实现的模式间的转换。通过Tornado软件调试环境,对软件设计进行了修改和完善,保证了空调系统软件的正确性。     

Efficiency optimized fuel supply strategy of aircraft engine based on air-fuel ratio control

Accurate fuel injection control of aircraft engine can optimize the energy efficiency of UAV power system while meeting the propeller speed requirement. Traditional injection control method such as open-loop calibration causes instability of fuel supply which brings the risk of power loss of UAV. Considering that the closed-loop control of AFR can ensure a stable fuel feeding, this paper proposes an AFR control based fuel supply strategy in order to improve the efficiency of fuel-powered UAV while obtaining the required engine speed. According to the optimum fuel injection results, we implement fuzzy-PID method to control the set AFR in different situations. Through simulation and experiment studies, the results indicate that, to begin with, the calibrated mathematical model of the aircraft engine is effective. Next, this fuel supply strategy based on AFR control can normally realize the engine speed regulation, and the applied control algorithm can eliminate the overshoot of AFR throughout all the working progress. What is more,the fuel supply strategy can averagely shorten the response time of the engine speed by about two seconds. In addition, compared with the open-loop calibration, in this work the power efficiency is improved by 9% to 33%. Last but not the least, the endurance can be improved by 30 min with a normal engine speed. This paper can be a reference for the optimization of UAV aircraft engine.     

A heuristic cabin-type component alignment method based on multi-source data fusion

In cabin-type component alignment, digital measurement technology is usually adopted to provide guidance for assembly. Depending on the system of measurement, the alignment process can be divided into measurement-assisted assembly (MAA) and force-driven assembly. In MAA, relative pose between components is directly measured to guide assembly, while in force-driven assembly, only contact state can be recognized according to measured six-dimensional force and torque (6D F/T) and the process is completed based on preset assembly strategy. Aiming to improve the efficiency of force-driven cabin-type component alignment, this paper proposed a heuristic alignment method based on multi-source data fusion. In this method, measured 6D F/T, pose data and geometric information of components are fused to calculate the relative pose between components and guide the movement of pose adjustment platform. Among these data types, pose data and measured 6D F/T are combined as data set. To collect the data sets needed for data fusion, dynamic gravity compensation method and hybrid motion control method are designed. Then the relative pose calculation method is elaborated, which transforms collected data sets into discrete geometric elements and calculates the relative poses based on the geometric information of components. Finally, experiments are conducted in simulation environment and the results show that the proposed alignment method is feasible and effective.     

基于危险评估的自动紧急避撞控制策略

基于车辆危险评估机制,设计了一种集成制动和转向的汽车自动紧急避撞控制策略。首先结合车辆安全性和最优换道轨迹,分析了在紧急工况下车辆制动和转向避撞临界纵向距离,然后建立了基于模糊推理的危险评估模型,该模型输出的危险因子反映车辆发生碰撞的危险程度,并以此建立汽车自动紧急避撞控制策略。最后基于PreScan和MATLAB/Simulink的虚拟平台仿真验证该控制策略的有效性。结果表明自车在跟车行驶时,对比基于碰撞时间倒数(TTC~(-1))单一全制动无法有效避开障碍物的危险工况,该避撞策略能够通过制动和自主换道来避免车辆发生碰撞,提高了车辆安全性。