一种低压电力线载波通信主动抗干扰技术

针对低压电力线通信由于环境复杂、用户类型繁多、用电时间随机等因素导致干扰,严重时造成通信失败的情况,研究了低压电力线路负载和干扰的性质与规律,建立了信道噪声模型,提出了一种低压电力线载波通信主动抗干扰技术。该技术将收发控制器的阻抗与低压电力通信线路阻抗进行最大限度匹配;对扩频技术进行拓宽研究,进一步提出在扩展频谱的基础上主动选择高可靠性的频段通信的方法,以克服低压电力线的强衰减、强干扰的缺陷。最后本文搭建了实验环境,并对低压电力线存在白色噪声、周期性噪声、脉冲噪声等干扰情况进行了通信实验,结果表明本文方法可行。     

Exploration life support technology challenges for the Crew Exploration Vehicle and future human missions

As NASA implements the U.S. Space Exploration Policy, life support systems must be provided for an expanding sequence of exploration missions. NASA has implemented effective life support for Apollo, the Space Shuttle, and the International Space Station (ISS) and continues to develop advanced systems. This paper provides an overview of life support requirements, previously implemented systems, and new technologies being developed by the Exploration Life Support Project for the Orion Crew Exploration Vehicle (CEV) and Lunar Outpost and future Mars missions. The two contrasting practical approaches to providing space life support are (1) open loop direct supply of atmosphere, water, and food, and (2) physicochemical regeneration of air and water with direct supply of food. Open loop direct supply of air and water is cost effective for short missions, but recycling oxygen and water saves costly launch mass on longer missions. Because of the short CEV mission durations, the CEV life support system will be open loop as in Apollo and Space Shuttle. New life support technologies for CEV that address identified shortcomings of existing systems are discussed. Because both ISS and Lunar Outpost have a planned 10-year operational life, the Lunar Outpost life support system should be regenerative like that for ISS and it could utilize technologies similar to ISS. The Lunar Outpost life support system, however, should be extensively redesigned to reduce mass, power, and volume, to improve reliability and incorporate lessons learned, and to take advantage of technology advances over the last 20 years. The Lunar Outpost design could also take advantage of partial gravity and lunar resources.     

电源转换模块LTC3780的工作性能仿真分析

为了获得可应用于航天器系统的稳定的供电电源,采用高性能升压-降压开关稳压控制器LTC3780,设计在低压、高压和正常供电时都能实现预期输出电压的电源转换电路;利用LTspice软件对该电源转换电路进行工作性能仿真,主要对不同输入电压时的输出电压和不同负载时的带载能力进行了仿真,通过仿真实现了稳定的电压输出和较强的带载能力。     

地基土抗剪强度试验对比研究

采用不同种类的土、在不同密实状态下,系统研究了三轴与直剪两种试验方法得到的地基土强度参数的差别,三轴试验方法为不固结不排水试验,直剪试验类型为快剪。试验结果表明：对于砂性土,两种试验方法得到的结果很接近,直剪强度参数（内摩擦角）略大;但对于粘性土,两种试验结果差别很大,直剪得到的内摩擦角约为三轴指标的0．87倍,粘聚力约为三轴指标的3．47倍。根据本文研究结果,在实际工程中测定粘性地基土的强度参数时,不适宜采用直剪方法。     

基于LabWindows/CVI的数字量变换装置测试软件设计

数字量变换装置测试台为箭上数字量变换器配套的地面专用测试设备,对飞行器的数据传输具有重要的应用价值。以LabWindows/CVI为软件平台,开发了数字量变换装置测试台的软件系统。该系统实现了对于箭上数字量变换器的单元测试以及在遥测系统进行系统测试时为被测产品提供信号源。     

飞行器热天线热电联合计算方法

为了研究高温环境对热天线电性能的影响,提出了一种热电联合计算方法,通过三维热、电信息传递程序实现不同温度区域介电性能的空间加载,以此关联温度场与电磁场网格节点信息,实现温度场-电磁场耦合问题的联合计算。介绍了热电联合计算方法的原理与思路,并以某型热天线为研究对象,考查天线温度分布对电性能的影响程度,为飞行器热天线的精细化设计提供了途径。该方法可应用于热透波结构的高温电性能分析,尤其对于恶劣热环境下的热天线/天线罩设计具有较高的应用价值。     

激光无线能量传输接收装置研究

通过对激光无线能量传输过程中影响接收装置效率的因素进行分析,结合光电池最优布局和最大功率跟踪技术,提出一种高转换效率的激光无线能量传输接收装置,实现接收装置转换效率不受负载阻抗的影响,研制出转换效率高达29.6%的激光无线能量接收装置。     

A novel model-based multivariable framework for aircraft gas turbine engine limit protection control

Control technologies are innovated to satisfy increasingly complicated control demands of gas turbine engines. In terms of limit protection control, a novel model-based multivariable limit protection control method, which is achieved by adaptive command reconstruction and multiple-control loop selection and switch logic, is proposed in this paper to address the problem of balancing smaller thrust loss and safe operations by comparing with widely-used Min-Max logic. Five different combination modes of control loops, which represent the online control loop of last time instant and that of current time instant, is analyzed. Different command reconstructions are designed for these modes, which is based on static gain conversion of amplitude beyond limits by using an onboard model. The double-prediction based control loop selection and switch logic is developed to choose a control loop appropriately by comparing converted amplitude beyond limits regardless of one or more parameters tending to exceed limits. The proposed method is implemented in a twin-spool turbofan engine to achieve limit protection with direct thrust control, and the loss of thrust is improved by about 30% in comparison with the loss of thrust caused by Min-Max logic when limit protection control is activated, which demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed method.     

核动力深空探测器现状及发展研究

深空探测中,由于无法使用太阳能或者太阳能的利用效率太低,需要使用空间核电源。当前用于月球表面、火星表面、木星及以远的飞行任务中的核动力深空探测器,均利用的同位素核源衰变能,包括同位素热源用于温度控制和采用温差发电用于供电。研究中的深空探测核动力应用包括月球基地、载人火星飞行、无人探测、使用核反应堆裂变能等。空间裂变电源的反应堆包括液态金属冷却堆和气冷堆两种方式,前者支持温差、斯特林和布雷顿发电,后者支持布雷顿和磁流体发电。近期开始探索研究核聚变深空探测器。纵观核动力深空探测器的发展历程,同位素电源依然在深空探测中发挥着重要作用,大功率空间核电源结合电推进将成为未来深空探测的重要关注方向。     

基于矫正广义走廊的电动倾转旋翼机模态转换

研究了基于矫正广义走廊和在线增益调度方法的电动倾转旋翼机模态转换控制问题。针对传统配平方法导致模态转换过程中时变动态特征被忽略的不足,提出一种新的两步法配平策略,即矫正配平工作点,并获得矫正广义走廊,以减小系统实际运行状态与配平工作点的偏离程度,进而改善增益调度方法的控制效果。传统增益调度方法控制器设计工作量较大,针对该问题设计了在线增益调度算法,有效避免了拟合过程。对某小型电动倾转旋翼无人机（UAV）的仿真表明,基于所提方法使得倾转旋翼机平稳、快速地完成模态转换过程;实验数据进一步表明,矫正后广义走廊相比于矫正前可将对过渡走廊的平均跟踪误差显著减小。