Measurement-driven Gauss-Hermite particle filter with soft spatiotemporal constraints for multi-optical theodolites target tracking

Multi-Optical Theodolite Tracking systems (MOTTs) can stealthily extract the target’s status information from bearings only through non-contact measurement. The constrained MOTTs are partially compatible, yet many existing research works and results are based on the known model, ignoring its discrimination with the target maneuvering behavior pattern. To compensate for these mismatches, this paper develops a Measurement-driven Gauss-Hermite Particle Filter (MGHPF), which elegantly fuses the spatiotemporal constraints and its soft form to perform MOTT missions. Specifically, the target dynamic model and tracking algorithm are based on the target behavior pattern with the adaptive turn rate, fully exploiting the spatial epipolar geometry characteristics for each intersection measurement by a minimax strategy. Then, the center of the feasible area is approximated via the analytic coordinate transformation, and the latent samples are updated via the deterministic Gauss-Hermite integral method with the target’s predictive turn rate. Simultaneously, the effects of truncation correction and compensation feedback from the current measurement and historical estimation data are adaptively incorporated into the PF’s importance distribution to cover the mixture likelihood. Besides, an effective causality-invariant updating rule is provided to estimate the parameters of these soft spatiotemporal constrained MOTTs with convergence guarantees. Simulated and measured results show good agreement; compared with the state-of-the-art Multi-Model Rao-Blackwell Particle Filter (MMRBPF), the proposed MGHPF improves the filtering accuracy by 7.4%-34.7% and significantly reduces the computational load.     

敏捷SAR卫星平台载荷一体化控制方法研究

面向具备波束指向捷变能力的小型化敏捷合成孔径雷达(SAR)卫星成像需求,提出了通过平台姿态敏捷机动和载荷波束捷变扫描一体化控制实现条带成像、多条带拼接成像、滑动聚束成像等传统成像模式的方法。针对配合成像过程提出的大角度机动和高精度高稳定度连续指向跟踪控制要求,采用5个单框架控制力矩陀螺(SGCMG)组成的"五面锥"构形控制力矩陀螺群作为执行机构,设计了基于姿态四元数和角速度反馈的改进型递阶饱和控制器,实现了平台的敏捷机动和对目标的稳定跟踪指向。数学仿真结果表明:该控制系统有效可行。     

Y12F飞机噪声局方并行试飞适航审定技术

民用飞机为获得型号合格证,应按照有关噪声适航规章条款进行噪声适航合格审定,噪声测试飞行试验是表明符合性的最佳途径。以CAAC和FAA发布的相关噪声适航文件为基础,研究了Y12F飞机噪声测试并行飞行试验所涉及的测试设备、试验场地、气象条件、飞行试验程序、数据测量和处理等方面的适航审定技术。所构建的噪声测试飞行试验适航审定方法,有效地指导完成了Y12F飞机噪声测试的适航验证工作,并完成CAAC和FAA同步审查,为获得CAAC型号合格证和FAA型号合格证奠定了基础。该研究成果可为螺旋桨小飞机和螺旋桨通勤类飞机等新机型的噪声适航合格审定提供借鉴和指导,同时也可为意愿获取FAA型号合格证的申请人提供参考。     

对系统辨识误差鲁棒的自适应复合控制方法研究

对基于系统辨识的自校正控制方法来说,其控制性能极大程度受制于辨识精度。针对这一缺点,提出了将变结构模型参考自适应控制与自校正控制相结合的自适应复合控制方法。以二阶线性对象为例,首先给出了极点配置理论下的自校正控制方法,并分析了辨识误差对控制性能的影响,对这一问题,引入变结构自适应控制,并给出了自适应控制律,最后通过仿真证明了这种复合控制方法既能抑制辨识误差的影响,同时也保留了自校正控制参数调整迅速准确的优点。     

交流伺服系统控制器在线参数自整定方法

伺服系统转动惯量的变化会影响伺服控制性能。为提高伺服性能需要对转动惯量进行在线辨识,实现伺服控制器参数的在线自整定。详细介绍了基于模型参考自适应的转动惯量在线辨识方法,提出了动态调整自适应增益和滤波器时间的方法,有效解决了自适应算法辨识速度和辨识精度的矛盾。根据转动惯量的辨识结果,利用对称优化法则,实时调整伺服控制器参数,以保证控制器动态性能的一致性和鲁棒性。仿真和试验验证了方法的有效性。     

Space law education in China: Status quo,shortcomings and possible ways out

Space law education has an essential role in the space capacity building of a country because of its importance for human resources development in space law. Comparisons between Canada and China, the European Union and China and the United States of America (USA) and China in space law degree education, course, teaching methodology, institute and practice and communication platform are provided in an attempt to review some issues which exist within the Chinese space law educational system and to seek a better choice for China’s space law education reform. Chinese space law education has achieved noticeable progress over the past two decades. However, it is still limited in comparison to its counterparts in Europe and Northern America. The range of the space law degree education programmes and space-law-related courses is comparatively limited. A gap remains between space law education and practice in China. Chinese space law classes are still dominated by the teacher-centred teaching methodology, although several universities have some new teaching practices. The establishment of seven space law-related research institutes plays an increasingly important role in Chinese space law education, space law and policy research and legal advisory services for the Chinese government and non-governmental sectors. However, these institutes still have a long way to go in comparison with their counterparts in Europe and Northern America. While China has established domestic research platforms for space law communication through international cooperation, it does not provide space law practice platforms for space law education. While international space law does not provide a direct legal foundation for space law education in China, Chinese educational laws can lay a profound legal foundation for Chinese space law education. To promote its national expertise and capacity in space law, based on the three-pillar model and the experiences of its counterparts in North America and Europe, China should adopt a systematic and sustainable regime for its space law education.     

星载控制软件在轨动态重构技术研究

为使星载控制软件可在轨动态重构，提出一种基于量子编程框架、无须操作系统支持、可实现多版本切换的星载控制软件在轨动态重构方法。在分析影响在轨动态重构关键技术基础上，从量子框架的面向对象运行机制出发来寻求软件框架对动态重构的支持；通过划分函数边界，将函数归类为内部函数和公共函数，避免了模块间的循环依赖；给出了函数向量表维护策略，并以版本号为导向实现了向量表切换。该方法在BM3803星载处理器平台进行了充分测试，结果表明：所提出的在轨重构方法系统无须停机、版本可回退且更新过程可靠。本方法占用内存小、平台依赖性弱、代码可复用性强，可推广应用至硬件资源有限的星载控制器终端。     

卫星拒止情况下低精度惯导系统航姿算法研究

在卫星拒止情况下,低精度MEMS惯导系统由于惯性器件性能较差,无法长时间保持姿态精度。从重力矢量及飞行器的动力学特性出发,提出了一种基于动态检测和Kalman数据融合的航姿算法。该算法从导航与飞控一体化的理念出发,实时判断飞行器机动和飞控状态,在低动态时利用Kalman滤波器对水平加速度和惯性解算的姿态角进行数据融合,估计和修正水平姿态误差,从而提高水平姿态精度。经过飞行仿真验证,该算法可有效完成飞行器的动态检测,并保证在系统机动情况下水平姿态误差在2°以内。     

通导一体化概念框架与关键技术研究进展

通导一体化是综合PNT体系发展的重要组成部分和关键方向。对通信导航一体化的概念进行了探讨，提出了通信导航弹性融合的概念框架。面向综合PNT体系需求，设计了通导一体网络化PNT系统架构，阐述了通导一体化关键技术的研究进展，从通导一体化信号、信道、接收处理、网络架构、网络管理等多个角度进行了全面系统的梳理和分析；介绍了低轨通导融合、区域自组网通导融合、5G+UWB协同等典型成果，并对网信场图、智能网管、博弈对抗等通导一体化技术未来发展方向进行了展望。