The infra-red background generated by pregalactic stars and their remnants

We examine whether the IR background reported by Matsumoto (1983) could have been generated by stars or black holes in the pregalactic era, z=10100.     

应变速率对LC4CS铝合金腐蚀性能的影响

在腐蚀环境和外力的协同作用下，铝合金的某些电化学性能将发生明显变化，本文发现，随着应变速率的增加，LC4CS铝合金自腐蚀电位负移的速率也增加，当与阳极氧化后的铝合金耦合时，LC4CS铝合金的耦合电流随应变速率的增加而逐渐增大，应变量大小0．04后的耦合电流急剧增大，在小幅度恒电位方波的作用下，暂态电流呈现新奇的力学效应，可以认为暂态电流的波动，将预示着铝合金表面状态的变化，尽管暂态电流波形受自腐蚀电位负移的影响而不对称，无法从恒电位的负向极化准确测量暂态电流，但是，从该方法所得的结果与耦合状态时的结论仍然是一致的。     

序列图像背景重建方法

研究了基于Kalman滤波理论的有色噪声滤波,探讨了其在序列图像背景重建中的应用。首先针对光线变化对背景的影响,建立背景的二阶滤波方程和观测方程,然后给出有色噪声滤波模型,利用Kalman滤波器对背景进行预测更新。试验结果表明,该方法能迅速更新背景,对光线变化具有良好的适应能力。     

Geometry and size optimization of stiffener layout for three-dimensional box structures with maximization of natural frequencies

Based on the growth mechanism of natural biological branching systems and inspiration from the morphology of plant root tips, a bionic design method called Improved Adaptive Growth Method (IAGM) has been proposed in the authors’ previous research and successfully applied to the reinforcement optimization of three-dimensional box structures with respect to natural frequencies. However, as a kind of ground structure methods, the final layout patterns of stiffeners obtained by using the IAGM are highly subjected to their ground structures, which restricts the optimization effect and freedom to further improve the dynamic performance of structures. To solve this problem, a novel post-processing geometry and size optimization approach is proposed in this article. This method takes the former layout optimization result as start, and iteratively finds the optimal layout angles, locations, and lengths of stiffeners with a few design variables by optimizing the positions of some specific node lines called active node lines. At the same time, thicknesses of stiffeners are also optimized to further improve natural frequencies of three-dimensional box structures. Using this method, stiffeners can be successfully separated from their ground structures and further effectively improve natural frequencies of three-dimensional box structures with less material consumption. Typical numerical examples are illustrated to validate the effectiveness and advantages of the suggested method.     

涡轮机匣热辐射-对流耦合换热特性数值计算与实验测试

开展了整环机匣的热辐射-对流耦合计算,获得了综合传热系数拟合关系式,并进行了实验测试验证。研究发现：封闭腔内,热辐射的存在大幅强化了壁面换热,辐射热流占总换热量比值可达90%以上。在3层机匣结构中,当发射率在0.3~0.8变化时,机匣沿径向方向上的温度梯度减小,主流区域的对流换热得到加强,半封闭区域对流强度降低。发射率为0.8时,外机匣流体侧壁面的辐射热流占总换热量的33.3%。     

悬臂边界下纤维增强复合薄板固有频率计算及验证

采用理论与实际相结合的方式,对悬臂状态下纤维增强复合薄板的固有频率进行了计算及验证.首先,针对纤维增强复合薄板的结构特点,考虑了纤维方向的影响,对其进行了理论建模.然后,基于正交多项式法来表示振型函数,并通过Ritz法对该类型复合薄板的固有频率进行求解.最后,搭建了该类型复合薄板结构的固有特性测试系统,并以TC500碳纤维/树脂基复合薄板为例,对其固有频率进行了测试.验证结果表明:基于正交多项式法的纤维增强复合薄板固有频率计算结果与实验结果的相对误差在2.2%~9.7%之间,进而验证了所提出的固有频率计算方法的正确性.      

某型航空发动机双转子系统动态特性分析

为了更好地了解和掌握航空发动机固有的振动特性,运用三维建模软件Catia对某型航空发动机双转子系统进行三维实体建模,并将其导入到ANSYS Workbench中对该模型进行模态分析。提取了前6阶固有频率和振型,并对仿真结果进行了分析。研究可为该型航空发动机的优化运行及其双转子结构优化设计提供参考和依据。     

基于局部能量比的空中红外弱小目标检测方法

提出了图像局部能量比的概念,并针对空中目标图像特点,给出了一种基于局部能量比的红外弱小目标检测方法。该方法基于单帧图像即可实现红外点目标检测,算法简单,耗时较短,可以实时检测;图像局部能量比对图像噪声不敏感,故该检测方法对图像信噪比要求较低,具有强抗干扰性,便于工程实现。文中给出了检测算法的具体实现过程,并用真实空中红外弱小目标图像进行了检测试验。试验结果表明该方法对空中红外弱小单目标和多目标均具有令人满意的检测效果。     

3D Imaging of the OH mesospheric emissive layer

A new and original stereo imaging method is introduced to measure the altitude of the OH nightglow layer and provide a 3D perspective map of the altitude of the layer centroid. Near-IR photographs of the OH layer are taken at two sites separated by a 645 km distance. Each photograph is processed in order to provide a satellite view of the layer. When superposed, the two views present a common diamond-shaped area. Pairs of matched points that correspond to a physical emissive point in the common area are identified in calculating a normalized cross-correlation coefficient (NCC). This method is suitable for obtaining 3D representations in the case of low-contrast objects. An observational campaign was conducted in July 2006 in Peru. The images were taken simultaneously at Cerro Cosmos (12°09′08.2″ S, 75°33′49.3″ W, altitude 4630 m) close to Huancayo and Cerro Verde Tellolo (16°33′17.6″ S, 71°39′59.4″ W, altitude 2272 m) close to Arequipa. 3D maps of the layer surface were retrieved and compared with pseudo-relief intensity maps of the same region. The mean altitude of the emission barycenter is located at 86.3 km on July 26. Comparable relief wavy features appear in the 3D and intensity maps. It is shown that the vertical amplitude of the wave system varies as exp (Δz/2H) within the altitude range Δz = 83.5–88.0 km, H being the scale height. The oscillatory kinetic energy at the altitude of the OH layer is comprised between 3 × 10⁻⁴ and 5.4 × 10⁻⁴ J/m³, which is 2–3 times smaller than the values derived from partial radio wave at 52°N latitude.     

Primordial black holes and Holeums as progenitors of Galactic diffuse gamma-ray background

Diffuse Galactic gamma-ray flux resulting from the evaporation of primordial black holes has been the subject of intensive research work during the last few decades. Theoretical work addressing this issue started in the 1970s whereas data started pouring in only in the 1990s. We discuss in this paper a model of the potential contribution to the Galactic gamma-ray flux of primordial black holes in binary systems and extend the argument to include stable gravitational bound states called Holeums. The model has a predictive power and can be tested by looking for gamma-ray excess in the vicinity of violent events occurring in the Galaxy such as supernova explosions.