The method for predicting solar proton events

Dynamic processes in the interplanetary space have been investigated using time variations in time parameters of the cosmic-ray rigidity spectrum. Change of heliosphere electromagnetic characteristics has been found out to precede sporadic phenomena on the Sun. In particular, it is shown that sporadic phenomena are followed by generation of local polarization electric fields, decrease of the magnetic-field strength in small-scale heliospheric structures, and increase of the potential difference between the pole and the plane of the ecliptic. These features allow prediction of solar proton events in advance (from several hours to several tens of hours) with a high degree of confirmation.     

Debris area distribution of spacecraft under hypervelocity impact

Cross-sectional area is an important parameter for spacecraft breakup debris as it is the directly measured data in space observation. It is significant for observing and analysing the spacecraft breakup event to accurately modelling the area distribution of the breakup debris. In this paper, experimental study has been performed on debris area distribution characteristics of spacecraft under hypervelocity impact. The tests are carried out at the ballistic ranges of CARDC. Aluminium projectiles are launched to normally impact the simulated spacecrafts at about 3.0 km/s. The simulated spacecrafts are made up of aluminium plates, filled with some simulated electronics boxes, each of which was installed with a circuit board. “Soft-catch” devices are used to recover the breakup fragments. The test results show that: 1) the relationship between the cross-sectional area and the characteristic length of debris, which can be obtained in the logarithmic coordinates by linear fitting, represents the debris shape characteristic in a certain extent; 2) the area-to-mass ratios of fragments show normal distributions in the logarithmic coordinates; 3) debris made of different materials can be distinguished by different peaks on the distribution curves; 4) the area-to-mass ratio distributions can be expressed by a linear superimposition of several normal functions which represent the main materials of the spacecraft.     

口径近场的特征谱

 提出口径近场特征谱的概念，以描述口径设计近场特征。特征谱包括角域谱和时域谱，分别定义为口径近场区空域场和频域场在角域和时域的变换。理论分析和计算结果表明，特征谱可以在角域和时域上分离有限大口径的直达波和绕射波，因而可以用来描述口面尺寸、形状和场分布等条件改变时绕射场的相对变化，这对紧缩场设计具有参考价值。基于口面场卷积法，计算、比较了限度为5 m×5 m圆口径和方口径近场在X波段特征谱分布。并导出：口径近场角谱为口径场角谱和网络响应函数角谱的乘积，网络响应函数等效于一个空间角谱滤波器。     

等离子体天线的原理及特性

根据等离子体柱天线的系统构成,分析了等离子体柱天线的基本工作原理,讨论了表面波在等离子体柱天线中的传播特性、等离子体柱内的电子分布,以及天线的长度、噪声与辐射特性。分析表明：表面波能激发和维持等离子体柱,等离子体柱可构成等离子体天线,且具易隐身、可控性等优点。     

整体构件周向叶片电解加工流场设计及实验

针对整体构件周向叶片的特点与加工难点,设计了带有内置绝缘腔的电解套型加工工具阴极,建立了两种进液方式的流场三维模型,采用有限元法对两种进液方式的流场进行仿真计算。计算结果表明由绝缘腔的叶盆叶背两侧进液并对出液口进行优化的流场方式较好,电解液流速较高且流场较均匀。使用根据有限元仿真结果设计的阴极开展实验,结果表明实验与流场仿真结果相符,采用优化流场模型的加工过程流场稳定,加工效率较高。     

静电电磁脉冲辐射场诱发针-球电极结构放电试验

针对当前国内外诱发静电放电（ESD）研究较少的实际情况，为了解自然环境下静电放电辐射场诱发放电的基本特性，进一步分析诱发放电的特征规律，建立了大气条件下诱发放电试验系统。主要采取理论分析、试验验证的方式，对静电放电辐射场诱发针-球电极结构放电的基本规律进行摸索，初步得出了诱发放电的基本规律。研究结果表明：在外界条件一定的情况下，随着辐射场强的不断增大，放电重复频率不断增大；在辐射场强一定的情况下，随着高压源电压的不断增大，诱发放电重复频率不断增大；在外界环境条件一定的情况下，能够确定该条件下的诱发放电唯一阈值。这些试验规律的取得，为真空条件下的诱发放电特性研究提供了试验方法和理论依据，对开展航天器运行环境中的诱发放电研究和防护方法设计具有重要意义。     

透平内部非稳态流动试验研究进展

为探究透平内部流场的非稳态特性及其演变特征,通过归纳国内外透平内部流动的试验研究,回顾了轴流透平、向心透平采用的试验方法及取得的研究进展,分析总结了试验方案与研究中存在的问题。目前,轴流式透平与平面叶栅的试验数量较多,试验的压力温度较低;向心式透平试验研究还比较少,并且试验多处于高温高压环境;随着接触式测量设备性能的大幅提升,其目前在透平非稳态试验中得到广泛应用,例如气动探针已经能够满足1×106Hz的高频采集要求;上游尾迹以及叶顶泄漏涡扰动下轴流式透平叶表附面层的转捩机制,以及向心式透平盘腔泄漏流与主流流场的非定常掺混等问题还有待进一步研究。     

一种基于COTS的SAR分布式目标模拟方法

针对目前合成孔径雷达(SAR)目标模拟器通常只能模拟点目标，且通用化程度和实时性较低的问题，提出了一种基于商用现成品或技术(COTS)的SAR分布式目标模拟方法。利用NI PXI平台构建了一个基于电磁仿真的SAR分布式目标模拟器，由电磁仿真软件模拟获取目标散射特性，并通过高速网口输入硬件设备进行采样及卷积操作得到仿真SAR回波数字信号，经数模转换模块完成对SAR数字信号的调制并输出模拟回波，可以直接用于SAR系统的数据验证。模拟器采用数字式一体化硬件设备，由NI PXIe-5646R和PXIe-5840进行信号的接收和发送，PXIe-7902作为系统核心进行高速实时数据运算。系统以现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)为核心，通过LabVIEW RT (Real Time)和FPGA模块直接进行访问，能实时、高速地采集和处理数据。经过测试，该目标模拟器可以生成分布式目标的射频回波信号，环路验证结果证明了本文提出方法的有效性。另外，本文提出的方法适用于多种雷达信号的模拟，通过设置不同的信号体制或接收外部信号输入，可以实现灵活的SAR目标模拟。     

多目标约束下的民机舱室气流组织优化研究

民机客舱内的气流组织和人体热舒适性受到送风形式、送风温度和风量等多种因素的影响。在现代民机舱室设计中,客舱新风的送风形式很大程度逐渐受限于舱室美学设计方案。本文采用CFD流体仿真技术,结合客舱内饰设计对民机客舱的热环境和舱内人体热舒适性进行研究。本文建立了适用于民机客舱热环境仿真的多目标优化方法,对新型行李箱结构设计下的顶部送风口的位置进行优化分析,优化结果能够明显改善民机客舱内的空气分布和乘客的热舒适性。研究发现新型行李箱结构会使得顶部新风产生贴壁流动的康达效应。康达效应会很大程度上改变顶部新风的流动轨迹,影响新风利用率和乘客的舒适性。     

An adaptive sequential experiment design method for model validation

Efficient experiment design is of great significance for the validation of simulation model with high nonlinearity and large input space. Excessive validation experiment raises the cost while insufficient test increases the risks of accepting an invalid model. In this paper, an adaptive sequential experiment design method combining global exploration criterion and local exploitation criterion is proposed. The exploration criterion utilizes discrepancy metric to improve the space-filling property of the design points while the exploitation criterion employs the leave one out error to discover informative points. To avoid the clustering of samples in the local region, an adaptive weight updating approach is provided to maintain the balance between exploration and exploitation. Besides, the credibility distribution function characterizing the relationship between the input and result credibility is introduced to support the model validation experiment design. Finally, six benchmark problems and an engineering case are applied to examine the performance of the proposed method. The experiments indicate that the proposed method achieves satisfactory performance for function approximation in accuracy and convergence.