Asymptotic Performance of Sparse Signal Detection Using Convex Programming Method

The detection of sparse signals against background noise is considered. Detecting signals of such kind is difficult since only a small portion of the signal carries information. Prior knowledge is usually assumed to ease detection. In this paper, we consider the general unknown and arbitrary sparse signal detection problem when no prior knowledge is available. Under a Neyman-Pearson hypothesis-testing framework, a new detection scheme is proposed by combining a generalized likelihood ratio test (GLRT)-like test statistic and convex programming methods which directly exploit sparsity in an underdetermined system of linear equations. We characterize large sample behavior of the proposed method by analyzing its asymptotic performance. Specifically, we give the condition for the Chernoff-consistent detection which shows that the proposed method is very sensitive to the 2 norm energy of the sparse signals. Both the false alarm rate and the miss rate tend to zero at vanishing signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), as long as the signal energy grows at least logarithmically with the problem dimension. Next we give a large deviation analysis to characterize the error exponent for the Neyman-Pearson detection. We derive the oracle error exponent assuming signal knowledge. Then we explicitly derive the error exponent of the proposed scheme and compare it with the oracle exponent. We complement our study with numerical experiments, showing that the proposed method performs in the vicinity of the likelihood ratio test (LRT) method in the finite sample scenario and the error probability degrades exponentially with the number of observations.     

复合Halpern迭代逼近可数个增生映像的公共零点

设E是严格凸和自反的实Banach空间且其范数是一致Gateaux可微的,K是E中非空闭凸子集,Ai：K→E（i∈N）是m-增生映像且公共不动点集非空,u∈K是给定点,X1∈K是任一初始点,{αn}^∞ n=1、{β}^∞ n=1是[0,1]中的实数列且满足如下条件：（i）lim n→∞αn=0,∑^∞ n=1 αn=∞,∑^∞ n=1｜αn＋1－αn｜〈∞;（ii）lim n→∞βn=0,∑^∞ n=1｜βn＋1－βn｜〈∞。设{Xn}^∞ n=1是由下面复合Halpern格式定义的迭代序列：{yn=βnXn＋（1-βn）SXn,n≥0 Xn＋1=αnu＋（1-αn）yn其中S=∑∞ i=1ξiJAi,JAi=（1＋Ai）^-1（i∈N）,那么{Xn}∞ n=1强收敛于{Ai}i∈N的公共0点。本文的结果改进和推广了Zegeye和Shahzad,Ofoedu以及其他作者的相应结果。     

应力松弛对球头密封结构漏率影响的分析

在球头密封结构检漏过程中,漏率会随时间的变化而逐渐增大。文章为合理解释这一现象,首先给出了一个计算球头密封结构漏率的理论公式;其次,结合应力松弛模型给出了球头密封结构的漏率随时间的关系曲线。结果表明:初期,漏率随时间增长较快,随后增长越来越慢,最终趋于稳定。这一结论与实际检漏过程中的现象是一致的。     

Dual attitude and parameter estimation of passively magnetically stabilized nano satellites

The attitude determination capability of a nano satellite is limited by a lack of traditional high performance attitude sensors, a result of having small budgets for mass and power. Attitude determination can still be performed on a nano satellite with low fidelity sensors, but an accurate model of the spacecraft attitude dynamics is required. The passive magnetic stabilization systems commonly employed in nano satellites are known to introduce uncertainties in the parameters of the attitude dynamics model that cannot easily be resolved prior to launch. In this paper, a batch estimation problem is formulated that simultaneously solves for the attitude of the spacecraft and performs parameter estimation on the magnetic properties of the magnetic materials using only a measurement of the solar vector. The estimation technique is applied to data from NASA Ames Research Center's O/OREOS nano satellite and the University of Michigan's RAX-1 nano satellite, where clear differences are detected between the magnetic properties as measured before launch and those that fit the observed data. To date this is the first known on-orbit verification of the attitude dynamics model of a passively magnetically stabilized spacecraft.     

应变控制下NEPE推进剂非线性疲劳损伤

为研究高能硝酸酯增塑聚醚(NEPE)推进剂的非线性疲劳损伤特性,基于损伤力学和黏弹性理论,建立了一种非线性疲劳损伤模型.该模型考虑了材料疲劳过程中刚度衰减的特征.建立的疲劳损伤模型,通过动态热机械分析仪(DMA)进行5组不同应变水平下的疲劳实验,获得模型参数,并对模型进行验证,利用电荷耦合器件图像传感器(CCD)进行显微观察,分析了应变加载历史对NEPE推进剂微观上的影响.结果表明:提出的损伤演化模型能够很好地描述NEPE推进剂应变控制下的非线性疲劳损伤;定应变往复拉伸造成了推进剂颗粒与基体的脱湿,在循环初期脱湿速度较快,随着循环周期增加,脱湿程度逐渐趋于稳定.      

HTPB推进剂力学性能散布与确定变量相关性研究

针对复合固体推进剂力学性能存在散布的问题,通过方差分析试验,研究了松弛模量和泊松比的散布与确定变量之间的相关性。建立了力学性能散布的方差分析模型,分析了散布的变化规律,并对导致变化的原因进行了讨论。结果表明,松弛模量的散布受温度和载荷作用时间影响显著;泊松比的散布在不同的应变阶段差异较大,结构损伤的不确定性是导致泊松比散布变大的主要原因;玻璃化转变及结构失效会引起力学性能的很大散布。     

NNW-FSI软件静气动弹性耦合加速策略设计与实现

在国家数值风洞（NNW）工程的资助下,依托NNW-FSI流固耦合模拟软件平台,从气动载荷作用下飞行器结构静变形大小与收敛过程无关的物理机制出发,基于变形增量叠加的方式,设计和实现了一种静气动弹性耦合加速策略,通过松弛因子对耦合迭代的收敛过程进行调整。结合超大展弦比无人机和CHN-T1模型两种不同外形,开展了不同松弛因子下的静气动弹性耦合数值模拟,对耦合加速策略的参数影响和加速效果进行了测试和评估。从计算误差控制角度对松弛因子加速耦合迭代收敛的作用机制进行了理论分析,弄清3种类型静气动弹性耦合模拟过程中松弛因子发挥的作用,并给出了松弛因子选取范围的建议。静气动弹性耦合模拟和理论分析结果表明,针对不同类型的静气动弹性耦合问题,选取合适的松弛因子,能够达到抑制振荡并加速收敛的效果。     

已知初始匹配对的图像四元松弛匹配算法

提出了已知初始匹配对的四元松弛匹配算法,该算法以向量旋转角的旋转和缩放不变性特征作为匹配对的优化准则,首先计算向量旋转角度差值,然后通过构造支持度函数和剔除策略选出最优匹配对.在初始错误匹配比例较高和游动误差较大的情况下能够实现正确匹配.通过大量图像实验证明,该算法在匹配速度和正确率上优于桑农松弛匹配算法.     

基于AT89S52的软件凸轮机构的研究

软件凸轮通过对产生凸轮轮廓的软件控制步进电机实现机械凸轮的功能,根据类速度的概念,建立了软件凸轮通电脉冲频率与凸轮机构从动件运动规律之间的数学模型。使用AT89S52单片机控制步进电机运动,从而实现了在不改变硬件系统的条件下,通过改变AT89S52单片机应用程序实现从动件不同的运动规律,即软件凸轮。提出了将类速度的概念应用于建立凸轮从动件运动规律的数学模型的新设想,其可行性已被初步的试验证实。     

一种凸多边形区域的无人机覆盖航迹规划算法

 覆盖航迹规划技术对于提高无人机的侦察能力和目标搜索能力具有重要的意义。首先从能量、路程、时间角度,理论上证明了转弯过程比直线平飞过程的效率低。其次给出了凸多边形跨度和宽度的定义,并把凸多边形区域的覆盖航迹规划问题转化为求凸多边形宽度的问题。最后证明了凸多边形区域的宽度只可能出现于“点边式”跨度之中,并给出了一种高效的“点边式”宽度算法。无人机只需要沿着宽度出现时的支撑平线方向飞行,即可以取得最少的转弯次数。通过仿真分析,证明了所提出的算法能够有效解决无人机在凸多边形区域中的覆盖航迹规划问题。