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31.
Hongping Zhang Peiliang Xu Wenhui Han Maorong Ge Chuang Shi 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2013
Currently, ground-based Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) stations of the International GNSS Service (IGS) are distributed unevenly around the world. Most of them are located on the mainland, while only a small part of them are scattered on some islands in the oceans. As a consequence, many unreasonable zero values (in fact negative values) appear in Vertical Total Electron Content (VTEC) of European Space Agency (ESA) and Center for Orbit Determination in Europe (CODE) IONEX products, especially in 2008 and 2009 when the solar activities were rather quiet. To improve this situation, we directly implement non-negative physical constraints of ionosphere for global ionosphere maps (GIM) with spherical harmonic functions. Mathematically, we propose an inequality-constrained least squares method by imposing non-negative inequality constraints in the areas where negative VTEC values may occur to reconstruct GIM models. We then apply the new method to process the IGS data in 2008. The results have shown that the new algorithm efficiently eliminates the unwanted behavior of negative VTEC values, which could otherwise often be seen in the current CODE and ESA GIM products in both middle and high latitude areas of the Southern Hemisphere (45°S∼90°S) and the Northern Hemisphere (50°N∼90°N). About 64% of GPS receivers’ DCBs have been significantly improved. Finally, we compare the GIM results between with and without the inequality constraints, which has clearly shown that the GIM result with inequality constraints is significantly better than that without the inequality constraints. The inequality-constrained GIM result is also highly consistent with the final IGS products in terms of root mean squared (RMS) and mean VTEC. 相似文献
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主要介绍了密立根油滴实验中影响油滴亮度的因素、解决方法;油滴的选择标准及调整方法,实验证明效果很好。 相似文献
35.
光纤陀螺仪可用于测量载体相对惯性空间的角运动, 是光纤惯导系统的核
心部件。因此,要求光纤陀螺仪具有较高的精度和良好的环境适应性。光纤环是光纤陀
螺仪的角速度敏感部件,光纤环受到环境因素影响,将导致光纤陀螺仪精度下降,因此
需要对光纤环采取适当的保护措施。分析了气压变化导致光纤陀螺仪零偏稳定性变差的
机理: 环境气压的急剧变化, 会使光纤环上产生附加应力, 造成光纤的折射率分布不
均,导致光路产生非互易性相位差,使光纤陀螺仪零偏产生漂移,零偏稳定性变差;并
提出了对光纤陀螺仪进行密封的措施来抑制该效应。经试验验证,采用此密封设计后,
光纤陀螺仪在变气压环境中的零偏稳定性改善了近10 倍。 相似文献
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针对半球谐振陀螺的零位漂移问题,本文研究了基于模态反转电路控制技术的零位自校准方法。首先,从动力学模型引入阻尼不对称、频率裂解等非理想因素,讨论半球谐振陀螺的工作机理及驻波漂移特性。其次,通过理论分析模态反转的零位校准以及虚拟进动控制的模态反转技术。最后,基于FPGA数字控制平台,设计并实现了半球谐振陀螺零位自校准半实物仿真实验。实验结果表明,基于模态反转的半球谐振陀螺零位校准,实现了半球谐振陀螺的零位从15 降低至2 ,短期零偏稳定性和长期稳定性也分别提高了11.8%和45.86%,有效地抑制了零位漂移,提高了半球谐振陀螺测量精度。 相似文献
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Categorical bias in location memory in geometric spaces is well established. The present study assessed the presence of the bias in locating eyes in images of human faces. Participants were presented with digital faces and indicated the position of one of the eyes in both upright and inverted orientations. Biases resulted from participants using multiple sources of accessible information. No differences were found for upright vs. inverted face images. Overall, the data were consistent with the retrieval category adjustment model. These distortions may be considered within the forensic context, when eyewitnesses work with a sketch artist or use a computer program to generate an image of the culprit. 相似文献
39.
Alireza A. Ardalan Iraj Jazireeyan Naser Abdi Mohammad-Hadi Rezvani 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2018,61(6):1537-1545
Performance of SARAL/AltiKa mission has been evaluated within 2016 altimeter calibration/validation framework in Persian Gulf through three campaigns conducted in the offshore waters of Sajafi, Imam Hassan and Kangan Ports, while the altimeter overflew the passes 470, 111 and 25 on 13 Feb, 7 March and 17 June 2016, respectively. As the preparation, a lightweight buoy was equipped with a GNSS receiver/choke-ring antenna and a MEMS-based IMU to measure independent datasets in the field operations. To obtain accurate sea surface height (SSH) time series, the offset of the onboard antenna from the equilibrium sea level was predetermined through surveying operations as the buoy was deploying in the onshore waters of Kangan Port. Accordingly, the double-difference carrier phase observations have been processed via the Bernese GPS Software v. 5.0 so as to provide the GNSS-derived time series at the comparison points of the calibration campaigns, once the disturbing effects due to the platform tilt and heave have been eliminated. Owing to comparing of the SSH time series and the associating altimetry 1?Hz GDR-T datasets, the calibration/validation of the SARAL/AltiKa has been performed in the both cases of radiometer and ECMWF wet troposphere corrections so as to identify potential land contamination. An agreement of the present findings in comparison with those attained in other international calibrations sites confirms the promising feasibility of Persian Gulf as a new dedicated site for calibration/validation of ongoing and future altimetry missions. 相似文献
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