Progress in Space Debris Research

During recent years, A de-orbit disposal of SinoSat 2 satellite and the depletion of the residual propellant after SC/LV separation for all LM-4 series launch vehicles were carried out. Stuffed Whipple Shields based on hypervelocity impact particles were developed. Routine observation and collision avoidance were performed. The main progress in space debris research will be introduced from three aspects: mitigation, spacecraft protection, observation and collision avoidance.      

A newly bio-inspired path planning algorithm for autonomous obstacle avoidance of UAV

In this paper, a bio-inspired path planning algorithm in 3D space is proposed. The algorithm imitates the basic mechanisms of plant growth, including phototropism, negative geotropism and branching. The algorithm proposed in this paper solves the dynamic obstacle avoidance path planning problem of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) in the case of unknown environment maps. Compared with other path planning algorithms, the algorithm has the advantages of fast path planning speed and fewer route points, and can achieve the effect of low delay real-time path planning. The feasibility of the algorithm is verified in the Gazebo simulator based on the Robot Operating System (ROS) platform. Finally, an actual UAV autonomous obstacle avoidance path planning experimental platform is built, and a UAV obstacle avoidance path planning flight test is carried out based on this actual environment.     

载人航天器空间碎片防护与减缓设计

为降低空间碎片撞击所带来的威胁,文章针对某载人航天器进行了空间碎片撞击风险分析,并设计了空间碎片专用防护结构,制定了轨道规避策略;同时针对重点设备进行钝化设计,并采用寿命末期有控离轨制动方案。以上措施可有效实现空间碎片减缓。     

基于自适应遗传算法的航迹规划研究

对传统遗传算法进行了改进,通过采用交叉概率和变异概率的自适应设计,避免了进化过程中固定的交叉概率和变异概率产生的个体早熟和收敛缓慢的现象。仿真算例结果表明,自适应遗传算法能够有效地提高遗传算法的全局寻优能力,加快算法的收敛速度,有较强的地形和威胁回避能力,可为低空突防飞行器提供满足战术要求的参考航迹。     

非合作自主交会对接的动态障碍物躲避制导

首先,在视线坐标系下建立了系统相对运动状态方程,将人工势函数制导方法应用于航天器的非合作自主交会对接任务和动态障碍物躲避问题。其次,利用Lyapunov稳定性理论分析证明了在该制导方法控制下系统的稳定性,并且研究讨论了两种不同情形下的动态障碍物躲避效果,分析了人工势函数制导方法的应用能力。最后,用精确的数学模型进行了数值仿真,验证了制导方法应用于所研究问题的正确性和有效性。     

基于PSD的触须传感器及在移动机器人中的应用

针对视觉传感器无法解决的移动机器人的全天候避障问题,设计了一种触觉传感系统.利用位置敏感探测器(PSD,Position Sensitive Detector)作为触须根部的检测元件,设计了一种机械结构,利用一个直接连接在触须根部并侧向出射激光的激光器,解决了触须安装困难以及安装误差对测量精度影响较大的问题;提出了两种全新的检测机器人本体与墙体之间夹角的方法,可实现机器人近墙行走,对两种方法的优劣进行了比较,最后通过实验证明了此两种方法的可行性,并对测量产生的误差进行了分析.     

交叉航路航空器碰撞风险评估

在与经典的Reich模型进行比较后,对一种基于事件的交叉航路航空器碰撞风险模型进行了改进,补充考虑了处于平飞阶段的航空器因在垂直方向上相对运动而导致的碰撞风险.分析了其水平碰撞概率较Reich模型所得结果保守的原因,采用蒙特卡洛仿真的方法产生了两架航空器之间的相对位置误差数据,针对多个概率分布模型进行了拟合,比较了不同概率分布模型对航空器碰撞风险的影响.结果表明:代表严重误差的尾部数据直接决定了航空器碰撞风险,但因为其数据较少,所以除广义帕累托分布外,其他分布都不能很好地对尾部数据进行拟合.     

Fixed-time position coordinated tracking control for spacecraft formation flying with collision avoidance

In this paper, the fixed-time stability of spacecraft formation reconfiguration (position tracking) is studied. Firstly, a novel nonsingular terminal sliding mode surface is designed and based on which a fixed-time coordinated controller is designed to keep the closed-loop system states have a finite settling time bounded by some predefined constants. Secondly, another nonsingular terminal sliding mode surface is designed by combining the artificial potential function and the aforementioned sliding surface, which meets the mutual distance constraint during transition process among spacecraft when it is bounded. Then another coordinated controller with fixed-time observer considering mutual distance constraint is presented, which guarantees the closed-loop system states stable also in bounded settling time. Finally, simulation results are shown to validate the correctness of the proposed theorems. It is worth mentioning that the control schemes also work even though there is a properly limit on the control input.     

整体叶盘结构强度减振一体化设计方法

基于软件ANSYS,建立了整体叶盘参数化模型.结合轮盘强度设计应力标准,借助ANSYS优化模块,获得了满足强度要求的最轻整体叶盘模型.分析了整体叶盘的振动特性,研究了轮盘和叶型参数调整对整体叶盘固有频率的影响.在此基础上,研究了通过改变缘板厚度、罩量及叶型厚度等参数使整体叶盘避开低阶激振的结构设计方法.研究结果表明:对于鼓筒约束的整体叶盘,轮盘参数调整可提高整体叶盘低阶耦合振动频率与4E激振频率在最大转速的裕度为2.2%,而叶型参数调整对此裕度的影响可达8%.最终获得的整体叶盘模型在1阶振动避开5E以下激振,并与4E激振频率在最大转速的裕度达10.8%的基础上达到质量最轻,因避频质量增加4.77%,说明整体叶盘结构强度减振一体化设计方法是可行的.      

基于栅格地图的火星车路径规划方法

火星车路径规划是实现火星车完成预定探测任务的关键。然而传统路径规划算法,如A*和D*等,存在计算速度较慢,算法复杂度较高等问题。本文将对传统路径规划方法 A*法改进并且得到一种快速高效的全局路径规划算法,之后结合合适的局部避障算法,得到一种基于栅格地图的完整的火星车路径规划方法,最后通过仿真验证了此方法的有效性及合理性。