高压涡轮转子叶片内部气流组织方式研究

为了获得涡轮转子叶片内部冷却结构的冷却性能,采用气热耦合计算的方法分析了在相同冷气总量条件下3种不同的气流组织方式对叶片冷却效果的影响,并选择其中相对优化的冷却结构进行了转速对进气压力和综合冷却效率的影响研究。结果表明,B型结构叶片气流组织较为合理,表面温度较为均匀,整体冷却效率得到有效提高;哥氏力和离心浮升力的存在导致冷却气流发生相应偏转,前缘滞止线随转速增加由压力面向吸力面偏移,同时前缘气膜出流随转速发生变化,随着转速增大,压力面综合冷却效率提高,吸力面综合冷却效率下降。     

气膜孔内局部堵塞对气膜冷却特性的影响

在吹风比为0.3~1.5,堵塞比为0.1~0.5范围内,对平板上单排倾斜气膜孔内局部堵塞所引起的冷气射流流动和冷却特性变化进行了数值研究,分析了堵塞比、堵塞位置和吹风比对绝热气膜冷却效率的影响.在研究参数范围内的研究结果表明:气膜孔出口端前缘的局部堵塞有利于抑制肾形涡,对气膜孔下游的绝热气膜冷却效率有改善作用,并且随着堵塞比和吹风比的增加,对冷却效果的改善越为明显.而在气膜孔出口端尾缘或侧边的堵塞则在较大的堵塞比下削弱气膜冷却效果.相对于气膜孔出气端的局部堵塞,在气膜孔进气端和中部的堵塞对绝热气膜冷却效率的影响要微弱得多.     

肋角度对气膜冷却特性的影响

在光滑二次流通道的基础上,分析对比了两种带肋通道(135°肋和45°肋)对气膜冷却特性的影响.采用瞬态液晶测试技术获得了气膜孔下游表面传热系数比与气膜冷却效率分布.使用Fluent软件RANS数值方法对相应结构进行了数值模拟,并使用了realizable k-ε湍流模型.光滑二次流通道模型中,气膜孔内流线呈螺旋状分布,导致较大的孔内速度分离与流动损失.冷气射流分成两部分,其中一股形成一对偏斜的对转涡.135°肋结构中,二次流通道上部分的旋转涡为顺时针方向,使得气流易于流入气膜孔,气膜孔内流线呈直线分布.45°肋结构中,二次流通道上部分旋转涡为逆时针方向,增强了气膜孔内旋转涡.45°肋结构中冷气流入气膜孔之后的流动结构与光滑二次流通道结构相似.135°肋结构气膜冷却效率最大而表面传热系数比最低.     

Training effectiveness evaluation of helicopter emergency relief based on virtual simulation

Helicopters are playing an increasingly important part in emergency relief, such as earthquake rescue, firefighting and medical transport. With the development of virtual simulation technology, virtual simulation-based training is widely used in the training of the helicopter crew especially for the dangerous and costly missions mentioned above. A complete training effectiveness evaluation method is proposed to evaluate the trainees’ training effect based on virtual simulation in this paper. A key to this method is regarding the complicated process as a discrete event-activity flow system and establishing the evaluation indicator system. Then expert group and Analytical Network Process (ANP) are applied to determine the weight of indicators. When the training data are processed, there is a novel attempt to apply Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation (FCE) model to calculate the two categories of indicators. Eventually, an experiment and the analysis were carried out to validate the evaluation method.     

用于评定火炮火力支援效果的马尔科夫模型

根据炮兵作战理论和实际作战流程，建立了用于评定间瞄武器进行火力支援的作战效能模型。该模型不仅可以比较不同火炮系统的作战效能，还可通过修改模型参数使其能反映不同的作战强度，对炮兵的战术决策有一定的参考意义。     

直升机运输效能试飞技术研究

对直升机运输效能进行了理论分析,给出了直升机各项运输效能指标的计算方法。利用试验机进行了直升机运输效能试飞,最后给出了直升机各项运输效能指标的飞行试验结果。对于后续的直升机运输效能试飞和直升机运输效能评估等工作具有重要的参考价值。     

基于神经网络的雷达抗干扰效能评估方法

雷达抗干扰效能是衡量雷达设备性能的重要指标,如何准确、客观、快捷地评估雷达抗干扰效能,对雷达、干扰双方均具有重要的现实意义。文章通过对雷达传统的抗干扰效能加权评估方法的分析,提出了基于神经网络的雷达抗干扰效能综合评估方法,并将该评估方法应用于雷达接收机抗干扰的技术等级评判实例中。实例结果表明,该评估方法能客观、定量地评估雷达抗干扰效能,具有一定的实用性。     

Design-to-Cost Applied Within an Integrated System Model

In an environment of declining financial budgets for space projects, new approaches - such as Design-To-Cost - are being implemented to improve today's satellite design processes. Using an example of a current mission (the power subsystem of the Solar Probe spacecraft) under study at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory, the main part of the paper discusses an Integrated System Model (structured into a performance model, a cost model, and an effectiveness model) that is part of a model-based design process used to perform cost-effectiveness trades. A simulation tool is used during the first step to size the components of the power subsystem, and then simulate its performance during operation. The determined dimensions are transferred into an EXCEL^TM-spreadsheet and linked to the components' costs. With a cost accounting tool that combines cost estimating relationships with the Work Breakdown Structure of the power subsystem, the life-cycle cost of each alternative design concept is computed. To determine the cost-risk of the different design alternatives for each component, cost probability distributions are introduced. By performing Monte-Carlo simulations, cost sensitivities are revealed. In the next step of the trade study process, the effectiveness of the alternatives is analyzed. Having determined cost and effectiveness, estimates can be made for where the different alternatives lie in the design space. The last part of the paper identifies the main drivers for the spacecraft's performance and cost. Finally it is shown how the mission design benefited from the Integrated System Model and from the application of Design-To-Cost.     

天基信息支援对导弹攻防作战的效用分析

分析了空天一体作战天基装备系统——军事卫星,对导弹攻防作战重要的信息支援效用。建立并阐述了天基军事卫星信息系统信息支援下导弹攻防作战过程模型和影响图模型,对模型进行了详细的分析讨论。     

侦察-攻击作战航空综合体效能模型分析

对侦察-攻击作战航空综合体的基本概念、组成和功能进行全面系统地阐述;并根据侦察-攻击作战航空综合体作战过程的特点,阐述了评估侦察-攻击作战航空综合体效能的数学模型,为进一步研究该类型作战航空综合体作战效能提供了一些帮助。