卫星抗辐射加固技术

分析了FY－1C卫星运行轨道空间辐射环境，介绍了整星、单机、器件抗辐射要求。卫星研制过程中，对各单抗和系统在技术设计、元器件设计、软件编制等的抗辐射加固设计要求。特别对有CPU和存储器的单粒子翻转效应（SEU）和闩锁效应（SEL）试验。仪器和系统的软件均用故障注入的方法完成了抗SEU的仿真试验。     

再入体激波层和近尾流热辐射实验研究

本文介绍了在弹道靶设备上对再入速度下模型的热辐射进行的实验研究工作。铝、高硅氧和聚碳酸酯三种材料的模型在速度为4.5～6.0(km/s),压力为600—8000Pa条件下做了实验,在258nm—1100nm光谱范围内完成了九个波段的辐射测量,给出了三种材料模型的辐射光谱分布曲线。结果表明辐射量除了受环境条件影响外,还强烈地依赖于模型材料;由烧蚀产物引起的辐射通量主要在可见光和近红外区(465nm以上)。估算了烧蚀产物引起的辐射加热率,对头部和近尾流辐射通量做了比较。     

固定容差参数的阵列天线方向图综合法

研究了设计参数具有固定容差的阵列天线方向图综合法;给出了阵列天线方向图容差优化的数学模型;提出了求解容差优化最坏情况问题的离散化方法;建立了直线阵列天线容差区内误差任意分布的物理模型,并采用修正正多面体优化方法对激励幅度具有容差的侧射天线阵进行了综合。当设计参数偏离其标称值时,文中的综合方法可以使天线性能的偏差最小。     

椭圆截面喷管排气辐射热流数值分析

文中对直升机红外抑制器椭圆截面喷管排气的辐射热流进行数值分析,并预估排气温度分布、速度和燃气成分分布对辐射热流的影响。为了计算辐射热流和考虑尾焰对周围环境的传热,采用形式简单并可用通用方程计算程序计算的六热流辐射模型。由于排气流场内温度和密度变化较大,故紊流模型采用考虑密度变化的修正双方程k-ε模型。本文中所用的比热C_(pm)是随气流温度和成分而变化,温度用迭代法求得。喷管出口截面为椭圆形,排气为三元自由射流,控制方程为三元抛物形偏微分方程,可采用前进积分求解,这样既可满足计算精度要求,又可节省机时。并根据三元喷流周向边界条件周期性变化的特点,采用CTDMA解法。计算结果与试验结果基本一致,说明本计算方法是可行的。     

冷热两股气流在圆管内掺混的速度场、温度场与辐射通量场的数值方法

用数值方法求解冷热两股轴对称平行射流在圆管内掺混的流场、温度场和辐射通量场。计算采用一种通用性的数值方法,其特点是强烈地以物理本质为基础,而不仅仅是单纯的数学推导。这样做,能方便地分析和解释计算结果,使之更真实地接近于实际。 通过计算,分析了当引射系数改变时,掺混的流场,温度场和辐射通量场的变化规律,其结果与实验数据比较一致。     

柱面菲涅耳太阳聚光透镜的光学设计和光学效率

研究了柱面线聚焦菲涅耳太阳聚光透镜的光学设计和光学效率。依据理论分析，对透镜参数进行了优化设计，成功地研制出了柱面线聚焦菲涅耳聚光透镜。还分析了透镜相对孔径（F数）和成型模具等因素对透镜光学效率的影响。     

Spectra and time variability of black-hole binaries in the low/hard state

We propose a jet model for the low/hard state of galactic black-hole X-ray sources which explains the energy spectra from radio to X-rays and a number of timing properties in the X-ray domain such as the time lag spectra, the hardening of the power density spectra and the narrowing of the autocorrelation function with increasing photon energy. The model assumes that (i) there is a magnetic field along the axis of the jet, (ii) the electron density in the jet drops inversely proportional to distance, (iii) the jet is “hotter” near its center than at its periphery, and (iv) the electrons in the jet follow a power-law distribution function. We have performed Monte Carlo simulations of Compton upscattering of soft photons from the accretion disk and have found power-law high-energy spectra with photon-number index in the range 1.5–2 and cutoff at a few hundred keV, power-law time lags versus Fourier frequency with index 0.8, and an increase of the rms amplitude of variability and a narrowing of the autocorrelation function with increasing photon energy as they have been observed in Cygnus X-1. The spectrum at long wavelengths (radio, infrared, optical) is modeled to come from synchrotron radiation of the energetic electrons in the jet. We find flat to inverted radio spectra that extend from the radio up to about the optical band. For magnetic field strengths of the order 10⁵–10⁶ G at the base of the jet, the calculated spectra agree well in slope and flux with the observations.     

New multifrequency measurements of the spectrum of the cosmic background radiation

New measurements of the Cosmic Background Radiation temperature at 12 cm, 6.3 cm, 3 cm, 0.9 cm and 0.3 cm have made in July 1982 from the White Mountain High Altitude Research Station. The results are presented and the existence of spectral distortions discussed.     

Modeling the broadband persistent emission of magnetars

In this paper, we discuss our first attempts to model the broadband persistent emission of magnetars within a self-consistent, physical scenario. We present the predictions of a synthetic model that we calculated with a new Monte Carlo 3D radiative code. The basic idea is that soft thermal photons (e.g. emitted by the star surface) can experience resonant cyclotron upscattering by a population of relativistic electrons treated in the twisted magnetosphere. Our code is specifically tailored to work in the ultra-magnetized regime; polarization and QED effects are consistently accounted for, as well different configurations for the magnetosphere. We discuss the predicted spectral properties in the 0.1–1000 keV range, the polarization properties, and we present the model application to a sample of magnetars soft X-ray spectra.