Injection of 40-kHz-modulated electron beam from the satellite: II. Excitation of electrostatic and whistler waves

Beam-plasma interaction effects are studied during the active space experiment with electron and Xe-ion beam injections in an ionospheric plasma. Permanent 40-kHz-modulated electron beam injection occurs simultaneously with a xenon-ion beam injected by the Hall-type plasma thruster operating in a square-pulse mode (100/50 s for a job/pause duration). The unusual behavior of the background charged particle fluxes and wave activity stimulated during the beam-plasma interaction have been registered by the scientific instruments onboard Intercosmos-25 station (IK-25) and Magion-3 subsatellite. The longitudinal and electromagnetic wave instabilities and their mutual relationship are considered in order to explain the observed effects. The excitation of electrostatic waves by the electron injection has been considered for different resonance conditions near the linear stability boundary. Beam-driven electromagnetic instability is responsible for the backward-propagating whistler waves excited via cyclotron resonance. Competition of these two beam instabilities is one of the subjects of the present study.     

Neural adaptive control for a ground experiment of the space proximity operation in a six-degree-of-freedom micro-gravity simulation system

In this study, a neural adaptive controller is developed for a ground experiment with a spacecraft proximity operation. As the water resistance in the experiment is highly nonlinear and can significantly affect the fidelity of the ground experiment, the water resistance must be estimated accurately and compensated using an active force online. For this problem, a novel control algorithm combined with Chebyshev Neural Networks (CNN) and an Active Disturbance Rejection Control (ADRC) is proposed. Specifically, the CNN algorithm is used to estimate the water resistance. The advantage of the CNN estimation is that the coefficients of the approximation can be adaptively changed to minimize the estimation error. Combined with the ADRC algorithm, the total disturbance is compensated in the experiment to improve the fidelity. The dynamic model of the spacecraft proximity maneuver in the experiment is established. The ground experiment of the proximity maneuver that considers an obstacle is provided to verify the efficiency of the proposed controller. The results demonstrate that the proposed method outperforms the pure ADRC method and can achieve close-to-real-time performance for the spacecraft proximity maneuver.     

用于BVI噪声试验的新型涡发生器设计与分析

针对直升机特有的旋翼桨/涡干扰(Blade vortex interaction,BVI)噪声计算精度低且试验数据缺乏问题,也为了开展旋翼气动噪声特性分离方法的验证试验研究,本文设计了一种能够用于BVI噪声试验的新型多段翼型组合式涡发生器。首先通过CATIA软件建立涡发生器出口端翼型段在不同迎角下的试验模型,再使用FLUENT软件建立涡发生器的流场仿真计算模型,比较分析了不同翼型段迎角下的涡流流场。随后用粒子图像测速法(Particle image velocimetry,PIV)技术系统测量了不同翼型段迎角、距离涡发生器出口端的长度及流速等参数变化下的涡流流场,对不同试验状态下的涡核、涡强等参数进行了对比分析。针对涡量偏弱的缺点,对传统单级涡发生器进行了改进,设计研发了双级涡发生段。试验证明其能产生更强且稳定的涡,为BVI噪声试验提供了模拟的桨尖涡,试验结果表明了涡发生器的有效性。     

Electron density inversed by plasma lines induced by suprathermal electron in the ionospheric modification experiment

Incoherent scatter radar (ISR) is the most powerful ground-based measurement facility to study the ionosphere. The plasma lines are not routinely detected by the incoherent scatter radar due to the low intensity, which falls below the measured spectral noise level of the incoherent scatter radar. The plasma lines are occasionally enhanced by suprathermal electrons through the Landau damping process and detectable to the incoherent scatter radar. In this study, by using the European Incoherent Scatter Association (EISCAT) UHF incoherent scatter radar, the experiment observation presents that the enhanced plasma lines were observed. These plasma lines were considered as manifest of the suprathermal electrons generated by the high-frequency heating wave during the ionospheric modification. The electron density profile is also obtained from the enhanced plasma lines. This study can be a promising technique for obtaining the accurate electron density during ionospheric modification experiment.     

低温推进剂空间管理技术研究进展与展望

本文介绍了低温推进剂的性能优势与空间管理挑战，梳理了低温流体空间管理(CFM)技术特征及其研究现状，建议按照重力依赖型与重力无关型分类开展技术成熟度提升研究。调研了美国逾半个世纪的CFM技术搭载实验研究历程，分析了各类平台的工作特性与性能优势。基于我国航天发展现状与未来需求，探析了我国开展CFM技术攻关、飞行搭载实验的可行方案。建议在我国载人空间站规划舱内低温技术实验柜与舱外暴露平台实验模块，加速我国CFM技术向工程应用的转化。     

三维光弹性测定应力强度因子K_Ⅰ的综合法

对利用三维光弹性试验数据计算应力强度因子K_I,提出一种新的算法--综合法。此法既解决了所需测量区域内条纹信息少的弱点,又克服了因裂纹尖端“钝化”而无法测到裂尖精确条纹值的困难。试验与计算结果表明此法误差小、精度最高。可应用测定受复杂载荷并具有复杂边界条件结构的应力强度因子。     

失调叶片盘耦合振动的力学模型

借助于子结构模态综合法,为研究真实的失调叶片盘耦合振动问题提出了一种非常接近于实际叶片盘的力学模型和简便的理论分析方法;并通过对一个实际失调叶片盘的强迫振动试验,对力学模型、计算公式和程序进行了考核验证。结果表明,试验与计算相当吻合。     

用于风洞实验的磁悬挂技术研究

30mm×30mm五分力磁悬挂天平由电磁铁组、电磁感应式位置传感器、磁悬挂控制器、气动力测量系统等部分构成。在80m/s低速风洞中进行了吹风试验的主要结果,包括电磁铁设计理论与结构形状、传感器工作原理与数学模型、控制补偿律和工程实现中的一些技术问题。     

正交试验法在混粉电火花加工中的应用

针对普通工作液电火花加工和模具加工中存在的问题,提出了混粉工作液的放电加工,应用正交试验法对混粉工作液电火花加工的主要参数进行了优化,并初步得出了混粉工作液电火花加工工艺规律。     

轴流式前弯动叶的变工况气动性能实验研究

对前弯宽、窄动叶片和常规直叶片进行了变工况气动性能的实验研究。通过对实验结果的分析发现：相对于直叶片,前弯窄叶片不仅可以提高气动效率,而且扩大了风机的稳定工作范围,只是动叶动压头有所降低;前弯宽叶片的稳定工作范围则比窄叶片要宽,其气动效率和动叶压头也有大幅度的提高。这说明在提高效率、扩大稳定工作范围方面,动叶前弯和增加弦长同时起到积极的作用。还对三种动叶片的出口气动参数沿径向的分布规律进行了详细的测量,并对最高效率点和旋转失速前最小流量点的气动参数沿径向的分布规律进行了重点分析,从流体力学原理出发,解释说明了前弯动叶片提高效率,扩大稳定工作范围的原因。