近赤道卫星绕飞编队的运动学分析及轨道设计研究

首先对一般运动学方法在进行近赤道卫星编队相对运动分析和轨道设计时存在的问题进行了分析 ;其次介绍了一种基于零倾角轨道变换的运动学新方法 ,用其对近赤道卫星编队中参考卫星轨道倾角对环绕卫星轨道根数的影响进行了研究 ;最后对零倾角卫星编队相对运动方程的线性化误差进行了理论分析 ,并利用数值仿真对两种运动学方法的相对运动方程线性化误差进行了比较分析。数值仿真的结果表明 :由基于零倾角轨道变换运动学方法得到的相对运动方程的线性化误差不随参考卫星轨道倾角改变 ,而由一般运动学得到的相对运动方程的线性化误差随着卫星编队接近赤道而呈非线性增大。     

低测角精度下的轨道确定计算方法

根据单位矢量法测轨原理,给出了在测角精度比较低或没有测角资料的情况下,利用测距、测速资料进行初轨和轨道改进的计算方法。工程实践应用表明,在测角精度比较低而测距、测速精度相对高的情况下,该方法可有效地提高轨道确定的精度。     

Indirect optimization for finite thrust orbit transfer and cooperative rendezvous using an initial guess generator

In this paper, the finite thrust nonplanar transfer and cooperative rendezvous are investigated. The indirect method is adopted in the optimization process. The energy-optimal to fuel-optimal continuation is performed by using the homotopy method. An initial guess generator (IGG) is designed based on a simplified dynamical model to overcome the difficulty in providing the initial guess. Some reasonable simplifications on the dynamical model are applied based on the near-circular near-coplanar transfer. The initial guess can be obtained by analytically solving a system of linear equations. Therefore, the IGG has high computational efficiency. Moreover, the terminal time and state are estimated by IGG to deal with the cooperative rendezvous problem. Numerical examples are presented and the validity of the “IGG-Homotopy” combined algorithm is verified.     

BeiDou-3 orbit and clock quality of the IGS Multi-GNSS Pilot Project

Within the Multi-GNSS Pilot Project (MGEX) of the International GNSS Service (IGS), precise orbit and clock products for the BeiDou-3 global navigation satellite system (BDS-3) are routinely generated by a total of five analysis centers. The processing standards and specific properties of the individual products are reviewed and the BDS-3 orbit and clock product performance is assessed through direct inter-comparison, satellite laser ranging (SLR) residuals, clock stability analysis, and precise point positioning solutions. The orbit consistency evaluated by the signal-in-space range error is on the level of 4–8 cm for the medium Earth orbit satellites whereas SLR residuals have RMS values between 3 and 9 cm. The clock analysis reveals sytematic effects related to the elevation of the Sun above the orbital plane for all ACs pointing to deficiencies in solar radiation pressure modeling. Nevertheless, precise point positioning with the BDS-3 MGEX orbit and clock products results in 3D RMS values between 7 and 8 mm.     

Improving the low orbit satellite tracking ability using nonlinear model predictive controller and Genetic Algorithm

The satellite motion on the reference orbit (RO) with less energy consumption has always persuaded researchers to design optimal control systems. The nonlinear nature and time-varying equations of motion make this quest more challenging. The present study proposes a novel control system for satellite motion on the RO by considering a comprehensive model of its dynamics in orbit and a Nonlinear Model Predictive Controller (NMPC). The NMPC calculates the sub-optimal control inputs of satellite motion reference on the elliptic orbit by minimizing a convex cost function at each stage. Moreover, all weighting parameters of the cost function are optimized by the Genetic Algorithm (GA) to produce less perturbation and guarantee the best NMPC performance. Finally, the implemented NMPC has been compared to a Linear MPC (LMPC). The results show that not only can the NMPC resist against larger errors and perturbations, but it can also compensate for those errors by returning the satellite to its main orbit and maintaining it.     

锂离子电池快速寿命评价技术与方法

随着锂离子电池寿命特性的提升，以及电力储能、电动汽车和航空航天等应用领域对长期运行可靠性的需求，迫切需要在较短时间内完成锂离子电池的高精度全周期寿命评价。近年来，针对锂离子电池剩余寿命的研究较多，但对以锂离子电池寿命特性验证与鉴定为目的的快速寿命评价技术和方法缺乏系统梳理。本文分析了锂离子电池寿命评价的快速、高精度、强适用性等特点，归纳了锂离子电池寿命预测的通用技术和加速寿命试验设计流程，总结了4种可操作性强的快速寿命评价方法实例，为锂离子电池设计、制造和应用提供参考和借鉴。     

利用姿态机动的绳系卫星编队系统轨道协同控制

为克服绳系卫星编队系统在轨道机动过程中的系绳摆动现象，提出一种通过调整领航星推力方向进而实现编队系统轨道跟踪的控制算法。由于推力方向角与状态量互相耦合且少于系统自由度个数，轨道协同控制属于典型的非仿射欠驱动控制问题。针对此问题，首先采用升阶法将角速度作为虚拟控制输入；然后为各子系统设计子滑模面后加权得到高层滑模面和等效控制输入律，并设计观测器估计系统非线性项；其次基于模型预测控制算法优化得到最高层滑模面的趋近控制律；最后采用MATLAB/Simulink验证了所提控制算法的有效性。     

2024-T351铝合金搅拌摩擦搭接焊接头疲劳性能与寿命预测

通过实验观察2024-T351铝合金搅拌摩擦搭接焊接头焊缝附近区域的焊缝横截面形貌及金相组织。观察表明搅拌摩擦搭接焊接头前进侧与后退侧存在形状不对称的钩状缺陷。将搅拌摩擦搭接焊接头在MTS材料实验机上进行恒幅疲劳加载,得到名义应力幅S-N曲线。根据实验结果建立搭接接头的弹塑性有限元模型,利用SWT疲劳损伤公式和应力集中区域循环应力应变有限元分析结果数据,预测搭接接头疲劳寿命,并将寿命预测结果与实验结果进行对比。结果表明:在低周疲劳寿命范围内,采用SWT疲劳损伤公式对搅拌摩擦搭接焊接头的预测结果与实验结果接近,误差均在2个因子内,但对高周疲劳寿命的预测结果存在较大误差。分析表明,搭接接头的应力集中程度比有效厚度对疲劳寿命的影响更大。     

An atmosphere-breathing propulsion system using inductively coupled plasma source

CubeSats have attracted more research interest recently due to their lower cost and shorter production time. A promising technology for CubeSat application is atmosphere-breathing electric propulsion, which can capture the atmospheric particles as propulsion propellant to maintain long-term mission at very low Earth orbit. This paper designs an atmosphere-breathing electric propulsion system for a 3 U CubeSat, which consists of an intake device and an electric thruster based on the inductively coupled plasma. The capture performance of intake device is optimized considering both particles capture efficiency and compression ratio. The plasma source is also analyzed by experiment and simulation. Then, the thrust performance is also estimated when taking into account the intake performance. The results show that it is feasible to use atmosphere-breathing electric propulsion technology for CubeSats to compensate for aerodynamic drag at lower Earth orbit.