小电流测量单元校准技术研究

在电子、航空航天领域及型号工程中小电流测试设备（如静电计、皮安表、源/测量单元、半导体精密分析仪等）,发挥着极其重要的作用,其电流测量分辨力达到fA级,接近其物理极限值。对这些高灵敏度、高分辨力的精密小电流测量仪器进行参数校准是一项新的计量难题。本文使用Fluke公司5440B型直流电压源和自行研制的高值电阻器,构成测试平台,可以对Keithley公司6517B型静电计（20pA～2μA电流量程）进行自动校准。软件采用Visual C++ 6.0利用校准算法对测量结果进行分析,解决了小电流测量单元校准的计量难题。     

冲压发动机进气道楔形前缘体热应力分析

为研究拉压不同模量(以下简称双模量)冲压发动机进气道前缘体的热应力状态,在Ansys基础上,利用二次开发,得到了可分析具有双模量属性材料应力的模块。以ZrB2-SiC为材料的发动机前缘构件的ZrB2部分为研究对象,以来流马赫数6.0,总温1660K,总压2.85MPa为条件,经流场及热传导计算得到前缘体内部不均匀温度场。实验测得ZrB2材料在不同温度下的拉、压模量,其压缩模量为拉伸模量的两倍,将拉、压弹性模量以及计算的温度场导入到所开发的模块中进行热应力分析,得到此前缘体ZrB2部分的热应力分布状态。将此结果与不考虑双模量情况下进行流-固-热耦合分析得到的热应力分布曲线进行对比。结果表明,不考虑ZrB2材料的双模量属性的结果最大误差高达300%,严重超出了工程上的要求精度。对比结果说明了不同模量理论的重要性,同时证明了所开发的不同模量应力分析模块的工程实用价值。     

离子推力器放电室阳极壁面电流密度分布特性研究

为了准确掌握离子推力器放电室阳极壁面电流密度分布特性，并深入理解阳极壁面处等离子体运动特性，设计了近阳极壁面等离子体诊断的具体实施方案，并基于LIPS-200离子推力器开展了近阳极壁面处等离子体诊断试验研究，得到了主要磁极附近壁面等离子体参数，并得到阳极壁面吸收电流密度分布特性。试验结果表明：LIPS-200离子推力器阳极壁面处主要磁极附近的等离子体密度范围为，测试点的电子温度范围为，壁面电流密度范围为；柱段壁面电子温度相对锥段较低，但电流密度较大，尤其在中间极靴位置电流密度最大，约为阴极极靴处电流密度的3倍，约为屏栅极靴处电流密度的2倍，阳极电流主要在放电室中间极靴处发生损失。     

The large-scale structure of the heliospheric current sheet during the Ulysses epoch

Space Science Reviews - Ulysses is traversing the Sun's polar regions for the first time a year or two before solar minimum. If the heliospheric magnetic field behaves as we expect, the...     

基于扩展卡尔曼滤波的GPS多径抑制技术

本文研究GPS系统中多径误差抑制技术。利用小范围多天线系统中多径对各天线之间伪距测量值影响的相关性，采用扩展卡尔曼滤波技术得到多径信号各参数，从接收信号中消去多径信号，以抑制多径信号影响。文章推导了多径信号对码环误差影响的闭合表达式，建立了采用当前统计模型的状态方程和观测方程。仿真表明该方法具备良好的抑制效果。     

Semi-automatic determination of the Azores Current axis using satellite altimetry: Application to the study of the current variability during 1995–2006

Satellite altimetry has been widely used to study the variability of the ocean currents such as the Azores Current (AzC) in the North Atlantic. Most analyses are performed over the region that encloses the current, thus being somehow affected by other oceanographic signals, e.g., eddies. In this study, a new approach for extracting the axis of a zonal current solely based on satellite altimetry is presented. This is a semi-automatic procedure that searches for the maximum values of the gradient of absolute dynamic topography (ADT), using the geostrophic velocity as auxiliary information. The advantage of this approach is to allow the analyses to be performed over a buffer centered on the current axis instead of using a wider region. It is here applied to the AzC for the period June 1995–October 2006.     

Tearing,coalescence and fragmentation processes in solar flare current sheet and drifting pulsating structures

The paper presents a summary of results from two different simulations which study the tearing, coalescence and fragmentation of current sheets, the associated production of energetic electrons and of plasma waves from these electrons which could explain drifting pulsation structures observed at radio wavelengths. Using a 2.5-D particle-in-cell (PIC) model of the current sheet it is shown that due to the tearing mode instability the current sheet tears into plasmoids and these plasmoids later on coalesce into larger ones. During these processes electrons are accelerated and they produce observable electromagnetic waves. Furthermore, the 3-D PIC model with two current sheets extended in the electric current direction shows their fast fragmentation associated with the exponential dissipation of the free magnetic field energy. An example of the drifting pulsating structure which is considered to be a radio signature of the above mentioned processes in solar flares is shown.     

静压延时矫直策略在头部翘曲板材矫直过程中的应用

随着厚规格、高强度品种钢的大量开发,头部翘曲成为中厚板生产过程中的一种常见缺陷,同时国产化的矫直机矫直能力不足,使得头部翘曲板材矫直过程困难。以某板卷厂开发厚规格、高强度品种钢过程中,频繁出现头部翘曲呈蛇形问题为依托,采用弹塑性差分的曲率积分方法,分析头部翘曲板材的传统矫直策略中残余曲率与矫直力的变化,讨论传统矫直策略和静压延时矫直策略的选择原则,研究静压延时矫直工艺。某板卷厂现场证明:静压延时矫直可以有效解决头部翘曲板材矫直问题,同时改善板材的板形。     

Kink-like mode of a double gradient instability in a compressible plasma current sheet

A linear MHD instability of the electric current sheet, characterized by a small normal magnetic field component, varying along the sheet, is investigated. The tangential magnetic field component is modeled by a hyperbolic function, describing Harris-like variations of the field across the sheet. For this problem, which is formulated in a 3D domain, the conventional compressible ideal MHD equations are applied. By assuming Fourier harmonics along the electric current, the linearized 3D equations are reduced to 2D ones. A finite difference numerical scheme is applied to examine the time evolution of small initial perturbations of the plasma parameters. This work is an extended numerical study of the so called “double gradient instability”, – a possible candidate for the explanation of flapping oscillations in the magnetotail current sheet, which has been analyzed previously in the framework of a simplified analytical approach for an incompressible plasma. The dispersion curve is obtained for the kink-like mode of the instability. It is shown that this curve demonstrates a quantitative agreement with the previous analytical result. The development of the instability is investigated also for various enhanced values of the normal magnetic field component. It is found that the characteristic values of the growth rate of the instability shows a linear dependence on the square root of the parameter, which scales uniformly the normal component of the magnetic field in the current sheet.     

智能化交流磁化电流控制器设计中的若干问题

本文对设计智能化交流磁化电流控制器过程中所必须解决的非正弦交流磁化电流的测量、退磁速率的线性化等问题进行了讨论，详细分析了磁化回路中电流与触发角及负载功率因数角之间的关系，并在此基础上提出相应的解决方案，同时叙述了以单片机技术为核心的交流磁化电流控制器的组成及工作原理。对进一步提高我国磁粉探伤设备的技术水平具有一定的促进意义。