The influence of the spatial and temporal collocation windows on the comparisons of the ionospheric characteristic parameters derived from COSMIC radio occultation and digisondes

GPS radio occultation (RO) ionospheric products obtained by Constellation Observing System for Meteorology, Ionosphere, and Climate (COSMIC) mission during the year of 2014 and the observations from 3 digisonde stations which are located at different latitudes are used to study the influence of different time and space collocation windows on the comparisons of the ionospheric characteristic parameters (ICPs), including the peak density and peak height, derived from the two techniques. The results show that the correlation coefficients (CC) and the standard deviation of the absolute biases (SDAB) between the ICPs derived from the two techniques vary distinctly under different spatial and time collocation windows. Generally, the CC (SDAB) of the ICPs decrease (increase) as the size of the collocation window increases in time dimension or in space dimension. The rate of change of the statistic parameters with the increase in the size of the collocation window in time dimension and space dimension is analyzed for each digisonde station. It is found that within the collocation window of $\left(60\mathrm{m}\mathrm{i}\mathrm{n},{20}^{°},{20}^{°}\right)$, the influence of the increase of $1^{°}$ in the space window on the statistical comparison is much more significant than that of the increase of 1?min in the time window, and it is suggested that there can be appropriate relaxation on the time window within the threshold of 60?min to get a balance between the quality of the comparison results and the number of the matched pairs. In addition, it is found that the same variations in the longitude window and in the latitude window may have different influences on the comparison results when the horizontal gradients in electron density are distinctly different along different directions at the digisonde station, and strict space collocation window is preferred when comparing the observations from COSMIC RO with those from the digisonde station in such cases.     

光纤陀螺本征频率对准误差引起的零偏漂移抑制方法

在温度环境下,光纤环的伸缩及光折射率的变化等会引起光纤陀螺本征频率发生变化,产生光纤陀螺本征频率与陀螺调制频率对准误差,进而导致探测器信号中的“尖峰脉冲”信号发生变化,使光纤陀螺产生零偏漂移。通过分析光纤陀螺本征频率的变化,提出了一种调制频率自动跟踪本征频率的方法,从而减小了温度条件下光纤陀螺的零偏漂移。试验验证结果表明,采用该方法的光纤陀螺在-40℃～+60℃的温度范围内固定温度点下的零偏极差减小了50%。     

鸡Z染色体基因表达的密码子偏性

从NCBI 数据库(http:∥www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/projects/mapview/map)下载鸡Z染色体上全部基因完整的cDNA,最终共有626个基因的CDS序列纳入统计分析.使用CodonW(1.4.2)进行密码子偏性分析,确定了CGG、AGC、UGC等26个密码子为Z染色体基因表达的"最优"密码子.对应分析表明,影响鸡Z染色体基因表达的密码子偏性的主要因素分别为GC3s、基因的表达丰度、GC含量、CDS长度及氨基酸的疏水性.鸡Z染色体基因表达的密码子用法受到了核苷酸组成偏好的显著影响,这种核苷酸组成偏好很可能是突变偏畸、固定偏畸及基因转换导致的.对于鸡这种群体有效规模较大的群体,密码子的偏性更有可能是核苷酸组成偏好及选择等因素综合作用的结果.     

基于总体最小二乘法和卡尔曼滤波的无源定位算法仿真

研究了存在系统误差时单站纯方位角无源定位系统的定位问题,分别在系统误差为常值和时变值时研究了TLS—KF算法的性能,并通过估计系统误差是否存在,给出了一种选择最优定位算法的判决方法。该问题的研究对于单站无源定位系统如何在存在系统误差时提高定位精度和性能,具有一定的理论意义和实际意义。     

基于UDKF的非共面陀螺在轨自主标定方法

针对非正交安装陀螺组件在轨标定问题,对已飞行应用的正交安装陀螺组件在轨标定方法进行改进,提出非共面安装陀螺组件在轨自主标定方法。首先建立非共面陀螺定姿误差模型,然后设计UD分解卡尔曼滤波器,用星敏和陀螺测量在轨直接估计陀螺常值漂移,间接估计陀螺安装误差和刻度因子误差。设计滤波器时,为实现测量更新序贯处理,给出测量噪声解耦方法。滤波器确定后,利用模值条件,给出从间接估计求解安装误差和刻度因子误差的精确公式。为说明方法的通用性,通过公式推导证明原方法是本方法的特例。为指导标定姿态机动设计,基于可观性分析给出简洁的系统可观的角速度组合条件。最后,数学仿真结果表明本方法有效,陀螺安装误差标定精度优于0.01°。     

一种弹性胶粘剂在石英加速度计中的应用

针对石英加速度计偏值问题,提出了摆片组粘接胶粘剂的选用原则,并应用有限元软件进行了仿真研究.分析结果表明,固化后弹性模量小的胶粘剂粘接面产生的应力较小,有利于提高石英加速度计偏值的稳定性.进一步对选用的弹性胶粘剂进行了强度检测,测试结果表明石英加速度计的偏值稳定性得到了明显改善.     

单片集成三轴微机电陀螺仪

为使陀螺仪进一步小型化、集成化,提出了一种新型单片集成三轴微机电陀螺仪,该陀螺仪采用单一MEMS结构芯片实现3个轴向角速度的测量.介绍了单片三轴陀螺仪工作方式、结构设计以及电路原理,完成了MEMS结构的流片加工,对陀螺仪表头和整机进行了测试,单片三轴微机电陀螺仪x轴、y轴和z轴零偏稳定性分别达到53.4(°)/h、70.8(°)/h和18.4(°)/h,非线性度分别为1.59×10-4、3.3×10-4和2.18×10-4.该陀螺仪具有三轴角速率检测效应,具有集成度高、体积小的优势,具有较强的应用潜力.     

DPIV在水洞流场均匀度校测中的应用

用数字式粒子图像测速技术(DPIV)及特定预偏置技术校测水洞流场,并将测量结果与用传统流场校测方法测得的结果相比较,发现特定预偏置技术显著提高了流场测量精度,适用于流场校测.