PSO-LSSVM在民机气动性能数学建模上的应用

目前风洞试验仅为民用飞机飞行性能提供有限数据.全飞行包线的技术支持对于民机飞行试验十分重要,需要采用数学建模和参数辨识的方法.选择合适的机器学习算法是参数辨识中最为关键的一步.支持向量机(SVM)采用结构风险最小化原理,尤其适用于小样本情形.根据A320非巡航起降阶段的几组真实数据,以及全机气动力估算的结果,使用最小二乘支持向量机建立预测模型.随后采用粒子群算法优化模型参数从而提升泛化能力.由此实现民机飞行包线的气动性能整体建模与辨识.与Ma=0.78时的实验数据相比较,PSO-LSSVM模型的预测结果吻合,是一种有效的气动数学建模方法.     

地面飞行模拟器动力学建模与应用研究

地面飞行模拟器的训练效果主要取决于动力学建模的逼真度和满足正常/特殊情况飞行任务的程度。首先,分析了影响飞机动力学特性和飞行员操作各个因素的相互关系,旨在从任务飞行、故障飞行和特殊环境条件飞行三方面拓展地面飞行模拟器的模拟能力;其次,进行了飞机空中编队、方向舵故障、雨中飞行以及非线性起落架减振支柱的仿真。研究结果表明,拓展地面飞行模拟器的应用范围是实际飞行的需要且技术可行,关注细节的部件建模更是提高地面飞行模拟器逼真度和可信度的关键。     

Behavior and functional modeling methods of doubly salient electromagnetic generators for aircraft electrical power system applications

The Doubly Salient Electromagnetic Generator(DSEG) is a promising candidate in aircraft generator application due to the simplicity, robustness and reliability. However, the field windings and the armature windings are strongly coupled, which makes the inductance characteristics non-linear and too complex to model. The complex model with low precision also leads to difficulties in modeling and analysis of the entire aircraft Electrical Power System(EPS). A behavior level modeling method based on modified inductance Support Vector Machine(SVM) is proposed. The Finite Element Analysis(FEA) inductance data are modified based on the experiment results to improve the precision. A functional level modeling method based on input–output characteristics SVM is also proposed. The two modeling methods are applied to a 9 kW DSEG prototype. The steady state and transient process precision of the proposed methods are proved by comparing with the experiment results. Meanwhile, the modeling time consumption, the application time consumption and the calculation resource demand are compared. The DSEG behavior and functional modeling methods provide precious results with high efficiency, which accelerates theoretical analysis and expands the application foreground of the DSEG in the aircraft EPS.     

Geometric error analysis of an over-constrained parallel tracking mechanism using the screw theory

This paper deals with geometric error modeling and sensitivity analysis of an overconstrained parallel tracking mechanism. The main contribution is the consideration of overconstrained features that are usually ignored in previous research. The reciprocal property between a motion and a force is applied to tackle this problem in the framework of the screw theory. First of all, a nominal kinematic model of the parallel tracking mechanism is formulated. On this basis, the actual twist of the moving platform is computed through the superposition of the joint twist and geometric errors. The actuation and constrained wrenches of each limb are applied to exclude the joint displacement. After eliminating repeated errors brought by the multiplication of wrenches, a geometric error model of the parallel tracking mechanism is built. Furthermore,two sensitivity indices are defined to select essential geometric errors for future kinematic calibration. Finally, the geometric error model with minimum geometric errors is verified by simulation with SolidWorks software. Two typical poses of the parallel tracking mechanism are selected, and the differences between simulation and calculation results are very small. The results confirm the correctness and accuracy of the geometric error modeling method for over-constrained parallel mechanisms.     

A data-driven approach to modeling high-density terminal areas: A scenario analysis of the new Beijing,China airspace

Airports are being developed and expanded rapidly in China to accommodate and pro-mote a growing aviation market. The future Beijing Daxing International Airport (DAX) will serve as the central airport of the JingJinJi megaregion, knitting the Beijing, Tianjin, and Hebei regions together. DAX will be a busy airport from its inception, relieving congestion and accommodating growth from Beijing Capital International Airport (PEK), currently the second busiest airport in the world in passengers moved. We aim to model terminal airspace designs and possible conflicts in the future Beijing Multi-Airport System (MAS). We investigate standard arrival procedures and mathematically model current and future arrival trajectories into PEK and DAX by collecting large quantities of publicly available track data from historical arrivals operating within the Beijing terminal airspace. We find that (1) trajectory models constructed from real data capture aberrations and deviations from standard arrival procedures, validating the need to incorporate data on histor-ical trajectories with standard procedures when evaluating the airspace and (2) given all existing constraints, DAX may be restricted to using north and east arrival flows, constraining the capacity required to handle the increases in air traffic demand to Beijing. The results indicate that the termi-nal airspace above Beijing, and the future JingJinJi region, requires careful consideration if the full capacity benefits of the two major airports are to be realized.     

Semi-stochastic modification of second-order radial derivative of Abel–Poisson’s formula for validating satellite gravity gradiometry data

The geoid can be used to validate the satellite gravity gradiometry data. Validation of such data is important prior to their downward continuation because of amplification of the data errors through this process. In this paper, the second-order radial derivative of Abel–Poisson’s formula is modified stochastically to reduce the effect of the far-zone geoid and generate the second-order radial derivative of geopotential at 250 km level. The numerical studies over Fennoscandia show that this method yields the gradients with an error of 10 mE and when the long wavelength of geoid is removed from the estimator and restored after the computations (remove–compute–restore) the error will be in 1 mE level. We name this method semi-stochastic modification. The best case scenario is found when the degree of modification of the integral formula is 200 and the long wavelength geoid to degree 100 is removed and restored. In this case the geoid should have a resolution of 15′ × 15′ and the integration should be performed over a cap size of 3°.     

数学建模在应用型人才培养中的作用分析

数学建模可以提升学生综合素质，培养其创新及实践能力，因此，提高高校大学生的数学建模能力，对于培养应用型人才具有十分重要的意义。针对数学建模在应用型人才培养中的作用进行了分析，并提出了若干建议，以提升高校大学生的数学建模能力。     

Gravity wave momentum flux generation close to mid-latitude Andes in mesoscale simulations of late 20th and 21st centuries

Adequate representations of diverse dynamical processes in general circulation models (GCM) are necessary to obtain reliable simulations of the present and the future. The parameterization of orographic gravity wave drag (GWD) is one of the critical components of GCM. It is therefore convenient to evaluate whether standard orographic GWD parameterizations are appropriate. One alternative is to study the generation of gravity waves (GW) with horizontal resolutions that are higher than those used in current GCM simulations. Here we assess the seasonal pattern of topographic GW momentum flux (GWMF) generation for the late 20th and 21st centuries in a downscaling using the Rossby Centre regional atmospheric model under the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change A1B emission conditions. We focus on one of the world’s strongest extra-tropical GW zones, the Andes Mountains at mid-latitudes in the Southern Hemisphere. The presence of two GCM sub-grid scale structures locally contributing to GWMF (one positive and one negative) is found to the East of the mountains. For the late 21st century the strength of these structures during the GW high season increases around 23% with respect to the late 20th century, but the GWMF average over GCM grid cell scales remains negative and nearly constant around −0.015 Pa. This constitutes a steady significant contribution during GW high season, which is not related to the GWMF released by individual sporadic strong GW events. This characteristic agrees with the fact that no statistically significant variation in GWMF at source level has been observed in recent GCM simulations of atmospheric change induced by increases in greenhouse gases.     

铣削加工工艺力学机理研究

结构件数控铣削加工技术广泛应用于航空航天工业中。铣削加工中,不合理工艺参数下的切削力会引起较大刀具-工件变形及加工颤振,极大影响着加工精度和质量。深入研究工艺过程的力学机理,进而采用建模仿真技术来优选工艺参数,对高效高精度加工技术的实现具有重要意义。本研究围绕切削力建模、动力学建模与颤振稳定性分析以及变形误差预测与控制技术等相关工作进行介绍。     

智能机床的误差补偿技术

误差补偿技术是智能机床精度提高与保持的关键技术之一.分析了国内外机床误差补偿技术研究现状,提出智能机床误差补偿技术总框架;总结了智能机床误差源、误差元素、几何与热误差的误差元素模型及建模方法,以及典型的误差补偿方法;研究了力误差补偿技术、基于零件在线测量的误差综合补偿技术;最后,对未来智能机床误差补偿技术的发展重点进行展望.