脉冲等离子体推力器电磁加速机理数值研究

为了对脉冲等离子体电磁加速机理有清晰的认识,为后续推力器性能的优化和产品的小型化提供理论基础,需要对脉冲等离子体推力器的特性进行数值研究。利用包含电容、电感、平行板电极、等离子体的一维集成电路模型,开展了脉冲等离子体推力器的数值模拟研究。通过改变初始放电电压和电极间距的大小,系统地研究了脉冲等离子体推力器的初始放电电压、电极间距对推力器电磁加速的影响。结果表明,在其他参数不变的情况下,推力器的推力、比冲、元冲量,以及等离子体的密度、温度随推力器初始放电电压的增加而增加;同样,增加电极间距也能够提高推力器的推力、比冲;然而,电极间的阻抗会随电极间距的增加而增加,导致推力器的点火难度也随之增加,因此脉冲等离子体的电极间距存在一个最优值。     

基于变形力数据的结构件残余应力场重构方法

残余应力是引起零件加工变形和失效的重要因素,残余应力场的重构有助于消除和控制零件在设计、制造、评价和使用过程中的残余应力。针对已有方法难以准确重构残余应力场的问题,提出了一种通过零件加工过程中的变形力数据实现零件残余应力场重构的方法。该方法首先提取了由于材料去除引起的应力重新分布带来的装夹力变化数据,即变形力。残余应力到变形力之间通过协方差矩阵自适应进化策略(CMA-ES算法)反复迭代求解出映射关系,从而构建出零件的残余应力场,最后在仿真环境下对该方法进行了验证。验证结果表明:该方法能较好地预测残余应力场,重构出的零件的初始残余应力场与原始施加的应力场平均误差值约0.38 MPa,为零件残余应力场的重构提供了一种新思路。     

500Kg钕铁硼永磁磁力吊的设计与制作

本文讨论了钕铁硼永磁磁力吊的工作原理 ,并根据要求设计和开发了 5 0 0Kg钕铁硼永磁磁力吊。其体积小 ,性能稳定 ,安全系数高 ,克服了铝镍钴磁力吊最大起吊能力在使用过程中大幅下降的缺点。可广泛用于机械加工、模具制造、冶金等行业。     

民机舱门新型提升助力机构研究

为满足适航要求并提高操作性能,民用飞机增压舱门、特别是应急出口类舱门的操作手柄力有严格的设计要求.提升助力机构是舱门上最常采用的提升运动辅助机构,可以有效调节舱门的操作手柄力.介绍了"弹簧"和"扭力杆"两种民用飞机半堵塞式舱门典型提升助力机构形式,分析了其工作原理.以某项目提升助力机构为例,分析了其在舱门提升运动过程中...     

Prediction on grinding force during grinding powder metallurgy nickel-based superalloy FGH96 with electroplated CBN abrasive wheel

In this article, a grinding force model, which is on the basis of cutting process of single abrasive grains combined with the method of theoretical derivation and empirical formula by analyzing the formation mechanism of grinding force, was established. Three key factors have been taken into accounts in this model, such as the contact friction force between abrasive grains and materials, the plastic deformation of material in the process of abrasive plowing, and the shear strain effect of material during the process of cutting chips formation. The model was finally validated by the orthogonal grinding experiment of powder metallurgy nickel-based superalloy FGH96 by using the electroplated CBN abrasive wheel. Grinding force values of prediction and experiment were in good consistency. The errors of tangential grinding force and normal grinding force were 9.8% and 13.6%, respectively. The contributions of sliding force, plowing force and chip formation force were also analyzed. In addition, the tangential forces of sliding, plowing and chip formation are 14%, 19% and 11% of the normal forces on average, respectively. The pro-posed grinding force model is not only in favor of optimizing the grinding parameters and improving grinding efficiency, but also contributes to study some other grinding subjects (e.g. abrasive wheel wear, grinding heat, residual stress).     

GH4169车削过程的热力耦合作用及残余应力场研究

镍基高温合金GH4169是一种拥有优良的机械性能及抗腐蚀能力的耐热合金,被广泛应用于航空航天工程等领域,其切削过程因热力耦合作用产生的残余应力对零件的疲劳性能有重要影响.本文采用GH4169车削试验及Deform-3D仿真模拟相结合的方法,通过试验的切削力和仿真的温度-应变场对残余应力场的形成机理进行研究.结果表明:刀具磨损对主切削分力和车削温度的影响非常显著,在刀片磨钝过程中,主切削分力由538N增大到756N,剪切区温度由552℃增高到654℃,工件表面的应变由3.3升高到3.5;刀具磨损导致切削力和的温度-应变的增大,致使表面圆周和进给方向的残余拉应力峰值由517MPa、242MPa增大到860MPa、442MPa;表层残余压应力峰值-696MPa、-356MPa增大到-756MPa、-456MPa;残余应力层深度由72μm增大到85μm.     

圆柱壳体振动陀螺的力平衡控制

圆柱壳体振动陀螺是基于弹性驻波的哥氏效应测量载体角速度或角度的新型振动陀螺，具有精度高、体积小、结构简单、功耗低等优点，因此是捷联惯性导航系统的理想陀螺仪。工作在力平衡模式的圆柱壳体振动陀螺输出角速率信息，噪声特性好、漂移误差易补偿、分辨率高。文章首先对力平衡模式下的频率跟踪回路、幅度控制回路、正交控制回路、力平衡控制回路等四大控制回路基本原理进行介绍。其中，频率跟踪回路与幅度控制回路一起构成陀螺主模态控制回路，负责系统的频率与幅度控制；正交控制回路与力平衡控制回路一起构成敏感模态的控制回路，负责系统正交误差的抑制、敏感模态的抑制以及角速率信息的提取。最后实现了力平衡模式下的陀螺闭环控制仿真。     

双测试区GTEM室设计

吉赫兹横电波室(GTEM室)是一种重要的电磁兼容试验设备,与传统的开阔场及微波暗室相比,GTEM室具有场强大、能量利用率高等优点。本文设计了一个用于电磁辐射敏感度测试的GTEM室,有主、副两个测试区域,其工作频率为DC-4GHz,可产生超过400V/m的场强。     

Effect of multiple rings on side force over an ogive-cylinder body at subsonic speed

Experiments and computations were performed over an ogive-cylinder body having an lift-to-drag ratio of 16 at a diameter Reynolds number of 29000. The side force on the slender body augments with increasing angles of attack for the case without a ring. This increase was mainly due to the increase in the asymmetry of the existing vortex pair in the wake of the body. Attempts were made to completely reduce the existing side force at the angle of attack ranging from 35° to 45°.Three rectangular cross-sectioned circumferential rings having a height of 3% of the local diameter were placed at axial distances of 2.5, 3.5 and 4.5 times the base diameter from the tip of the body so as to reduce the side force. The results obtained indicate that inclusion of three rings completely alleviated the side force on the slender body at the angle of attack ranging from 0° to 45°. The presence of rings was found to alter the growth of the vortices that helped in the reduction of the side force. Computations performed were in reasonable agreement with the experiments.     

基于双谐振棋盘式超表面的宽带RCS缩减技术

为实现宽频带的雷达散射截面（RCS）缩减效果，提出一种基于棋盘式超表面的RCS缩减技术，可达到宽带RCS缩减且极化不敏感的效果。介绍了提高RCS缩减带宽的原则，设计了X波段的棋盘式超表面，通过电磁散射对消技术，电磁波经超表面反射后分散向不同的方向，实现了异常反射从而降低RCS。与普通棋盘式超表面不同，为了克服一般超表面都有的相位收敛问题，提出了双谐振棋盘式超表面，即用两种谐振频率不同的结构组成双谐振单元结构，使单元具有均匀相位差的频段得以拓宽，从而扩展了超表面的缩减带宽，实现了10 dB缩减带宽达到8 GHz~14.5 GHz且极化不敏感的效果，通过仿真证明双谐振棋盘式超表面可以实现宽频率范围的RCS缩减效果，且极化不敏感。