Cu/Al爆炸冲击界面连接及拉伸与切削性能的分子动力学模拟

基于分子动力学方法,从微观角度揭示Cu/Al焊接点处的瞬时爆炸焊接过程,研究纳米焊接件接头处的力学特性及切削加工性能。结果表明:铝、铜板互相碰撞后动能转化为内能,异种原子间互相熔合渗透形成接头;焊接件拉伸时弹性模量介于单晶铝和单晶铜之间,抗拉强度为6.89 GPa,这一值大于宏观实验结果,但所对应的应变率10.67%与实验中的11%接近;在接头区域附近,位错与无序晶格的相互作用造成了塑性变形阶段的应力强化,使得拉伸应力值大于两种单晶;这一强化机制也体现在刀具切削接头区域时的平均切削力大于单晶铜、铝的平均值,与实验结果相一致;无序晶格区严重的位错形核有利于位错产生且沿与切削方向呈45°传播,传播时的塞积导致切削加工硬化效应。     

应用于航天器的低无源互调滤波器分析

随着航天器有效载荷朝着大功率、小型化方向发展，大功率滤波器的无源互调问题成为制约航天器有效载荷发展的重要问题。对应用于航天器的大功率同轴滤波器产生无源互调的因素进行了研究，发现了表面镀层处理和不同材料调节螺钉方式对无源互调的影响规律。用介质隔离同轴连接器内导体和馈电杆的接触方式，设计了一种S频段低无源互调同轴滤波器，比传统同轴滤波器的无源互调有效降低了20dB。这表明该方法是一种有效降低大功率微波部件无源互调的方法，可应用于航天大功率和地面移动通信大功率微波部件。     

螺旋波电推进羽流电磁矢量控制的原理性验证

推进器羽流的电磁矢量控制是基于电磁位形的改变使得喷射的羽流改变方向。为了原理性验证电推进羽流电磁矢量控制技术，针对螺旋波电推进器，开展了磁场位形调制仿真设计和试验验证。说明了电磁矢量调制线圈能够改变磁场位型，并且在试验过程中验证了等离子体羽流随磁场位型变化而产生的羽流方向偏转。在周期性磁场调制过程中，验证了等离子体密度参数随之周期性涨落。螺旋波电推进羽流方向最大偏转角度60°，可控偏转频率15Hz，说明了电推进羽流电磁矢量控制的可行性。     

Motion prediction of an uncontrolled space target

Capturing an uncontrolled space target is a tremendously challenging research topic. Target capture by a space robot can be well planned according to predicted motion of the target. In this paper, motion prediction of an uncontrolled space target is studied and a motion prediction algorithm is proposed. In the proposed algorithm, firstly a method for identifying the parameters of motion state and inertial property of the target is established; and then through substituting the identified parameters into the dynamic equations of the target, the motion of the target can be predicted as the solution of the equations. In the identification of the parameters, the unscented Kalman filter (UKF) is applied. In order to support the UKF, a method for estimating noise level of the observation data is developed, so our motion prediction algorithm is noise adaptive. A practical convergent criterion is also designed to determine the time when the estimated result of the UKF is accurate enough, such that the predicted motion is credible enough. After that, the accuracy of the prediction is further improved by an optimization method. In the end of this paper, numerical simulations are done to verify the validity of the proposed motion prediction algorithm. Simulation results indicate that the proposed algorithm is able to predict the motion of the target precisely.     

Non-intrusive reduced-order model for predicting transonic flow with varying geometries

A Non-Intrusive Reduced-Order Model (NIROM) based on Proper Orthogonal Decomposition (POD) has been proposed for predicting the flow fields of transonic airfoils with geometry parameters. To provide a better reduced-order subspace to approximate the real flow field, a domain decomposition method has been used to separate the hard-to-predict regions from the full field and POD has been adopted in the regions individually. An Artificial Neural Network (ANN) has replaced the Radial Basis Function (RBF) to interpolate the coefficients of the POD modes, aiming at improving the approximation accuracy of the NIROM for non-samples. When predicting the flow fields of transonic airfoils, the proposed NIROM has demonstrated a high performance.     

基于改进YOLOv3网络的遥感目标快速检测方法

针对将来卫星在轨实时目标检测需求,且在其内存和算力都受限的条件下,提出一种改进的YOLOv3,利用轻量化网络代替YOLOv3的特征提取网络,实现遥感目标的高效检测。在目标检测精度相近的情况下,改进模型参数相比原先降低了1.5倍,计算量降低了3.3倍。同时提出了一种基于交并比的迭代聚类算法,分别在YOLOv3和改进YOLOv3上实现了7.0%和2.3%的平均精度均值(mAP)提升。实验表明:改进模型的检测速度最快能达到101 frame/s,当其mAP比YOLOv3高6%时,检测速度仍是YOLOv3的1.6倍。本文提出的改进YOLOv3是一种高效遥感目标检测方法,为未来星上应用打下基础。     

基于声发射技术的搅拌摩擦焊接工具磨损监测

为在线监测搅拌摩擦焊接过程工具磨损状态,本文基于虚拟仪器技术设计了一套声发射在线监测系统,结合声发射传感器、数据采集卡及信号调理器实现了对搅拌摩擦焊接加工过程中声发射信号的采集。实验中采用带有螺纹的搅拌针工具来焊接7075铝合金,并利用自主开发的在线监测系统采集焊接过程中的声发射信号。然后对采集到的声发射信号进行小波包分解处理,计算分解后各频段能量所占百分比,并提取能量分布规律作为信号特征。研究表明:搅拌摩擦焊接工具在不同磨损情况下具有不同的声发射信号特征,小波包分解处理表明搅拌头磨损轻微时,低频段能量占比较高;相反,搅拌头磨损严重时,低频段能量占比较低。     

Improving the modeling of bottomside thickness parameters over midlatitudes and high latitudes

This paper investigates bottomside thickness parameters at Digisonde stations over midlatitude and high latitude regions, and compares the diurnal, seasonal, and solar activity variations in 2014 and 2009. The geographic latitudes of high latitude considered in this work are located beyond ±60° and those of midlatitude are located between ±40° and ±60°. The IRI-modeled B0 with ABT-2009 option (B0_IRI) are also examined and compared with four kinds of the B0 values, i.e., the observed B0 (B0_obs) from GIRO, the computed B0 following to Jamjareegulgarn et al. (2017a) (B0_old), the calculated B0 with a correction factor regarding to Jamjareegulgarn et al. (2017b) (B0_new), and the B0 with an average correction factor (B0_new_c_av). The average correction factors are proposed additionally in this work so as to assist occasionally the experimental B0 nonexistence of Digisonde which are equal to 0.2658 and 0.2058 for midlatitudes and high latitudes, respectively. Results show that the diurnal variations of B0_new and B0_new_c_av are in a good agreement with those of B0_obs evidently compared with those of B0_IRI and B0_old at every station during the three seasons over high and middle latitudes. During the three seasons, the diurnal variations of B0_new_c_av show similar trends and are close to one another with the B0_obs and the B0_new with small deviations. The differences between the B0obs and the B0_new_c_av also show similar trends and are close to one another with those between the B0obs and the B0_new. In contrast, the B0_IRI with ABT-2009 option seems to predict the B0 values poorly during the three seasons at high latitudes and some seasons at midlatitudes. The proposed B0_new is useful for computing approximately the observed B0 and the ionogram-based total electron content (ITEC) of Digisonde, and the plasma scale height over midlatitudes and high latitudes.     

Robust fault-tolerant saturated control for spacecraft proximity operations with actuator saturation and faults

In this paper, the motion control problem of autonomous spacecraft rendezvous and docking with a tumbling target in the presence of unknown model parameters, external disturbances, actuator saturation and faults is investigated. Firstly, a nonlinear six degree-of-freedom dynamics model is established to describe the relative motion of the chaser spacecraft with respect to the tumbling target. Subsequently, a robust fault-tolerant saturated control strategy with no precise knowledge of model parameters and external disturbances is proposed by combining the sliding mode control technique with an adaptive methodology. Then, within the Lyapunov framework, it is proved that the designed robust fault-tolerant controller can guarantee the relative position and attitude errors converge into small regions containing the origin. Finally, numerical simulations are performed to demonstrate the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed control strategy.     

激光微连接技术研究与应用进展

激光微连接是一种多功能的柔性制造技术,具有聚焦点小、能量密度高、热输入精确可控等优点,配合合适的工艺可以制造微小器件、尺寸精密器件以及异种材料组合器件,在各个工业领域具有广泛应用前景。