纤维增强涡轮轴结构失效模式分析方法及试验验证

针对连续纤维增强复合材料涡轮轴结构失效模式分析问题,基于宏-细观力学跨尺度分析方法,建立细观力学代表性体积元(RVE)模型,通过编程模拟实现模型的周期性边界条件,计算纤维增强复合材料应力响应,将其均值应力转化为真实应力,确定失效包线。建立连续纤维增强轴结构力学模型,计算轴结构在扭转载荷下的应力响应。通过复合材料层合板主偏轴关系应力转化,将危险单元各方向宏观应力响应计算结果转化到细观力学RVE模型上,即为细观力学RVE模型受载情况。结合细观力学失效边界确定复合材料轴结构危险位置失效模式,当扭转载荷达到5 000～5 500 N·m之间,复合材料最外层即层6(+45°)首先达到基体拉伸失效载荷。开展复合材料轴结构失效模式试验,在扭转载荷达到6 000 N·m时,声发射信号相互叠加,大部分均为中频信号,中频信号多为基体、界面开裂信号。与模拟仿真计算结果对比分析,验证连续纤维增强复合材料涡轮轴结构失效模式分析方法的有效性。利用所建立模型预测了某型发动机低压涡轮轴的失效载荷及失效模式。     

基于地外天体起飞的真空羽流导流技术仿真与试验研究

针对着航天器发动机羽流导流问题,基于工程经验提出了四种典型导流装置型面(包含内凹槽形式和导流锥形式等),利用计算流体动力学/直接模拟蒙特卡罗(CFD/DSMC)耦合方法,对起飞过程中羽流导流带来的气动力和气动热效应进行了数值模拟,并对不同导流装置情况下羽流场激波、航天器表面压强和热流密度分布规律进行了分析,给出了四种导流装置的导流效果评价。最后以导流锥形式开展试验,对仿真算法进行了验证。结果表明：羽流导流并没有导致发动机燃烧不稳定;综合考虑航天器羽流和发动机安全性,大导流锥导流的方案最优;在导流锥附近的激波位置及形态和仿真一致,仿真与试验的变化趋势一致,仿真算法可信,数据规律可以作为工程参考。     

空间三轴激光陀螺现状与展望

空间三轴激光陀螺作为激光陀螺技术集成创新的典型代表,已充分展现出优越的综合性能。为全面了解和掌握空间三轴激光陀螺技术发展现状,本文梳理了空间三轴激光陀螺原理与组成、主要特点、关键技术和研究历程,分析了国外主要研究机构、典型产品型谱及应用现状,从中可见空间三轴激光陀螺在国外已经非常成熟和广泛应用。针对国内发展现状和存在的差距,提出了后续发展建议,为我国激光陀螺技术发展及产业化提供了参考。     

Numerical Simulation of Rotor Flow Field Based on Overset Grids and Several Spatial and Temporal Discretization Schemes

A numerical method based on solutions of Euler/Navier-Stokes (N-S) equations is developed for calculating the flow field over a rotor in hover. Jameson central scheme, van Leer flux-vector splitting scheme, advection upwind splitting method (AUSM) scheme, upwind AUSM/van Leer scheme, AUSM+ scheme and AUSMDV scheme are implemented for spatial discretization, and van Albada limiter is also applied. For temporal discretization, both explicit Runge-Kutta method and implicit lower-upper symmetric Gauss-Seidel (LU-SGS) method are attempted. Simultaneously, overset grid technique is adopted. In detail, hole-map method is utilized to identify intergrid boundary points (IGBPs). Furthermore, aimed at identification issue of donor elements, inverse-map method is implemented. Eventually, blade surface pressure distributions derived from numerical simulation are validated compared with experimental data, showing that all the schemes mentioned above have the capability to predict the rotor flow field accurately. At the same time, vorticity contours are illustrated for analysis, and other characteristics are also analyzed.     

一种基于实数域特征值分解的前后向平滑算法

为减小算法的运算量,对常规前后向空间平滑(FBSS)算法进行改进,提出了一种基于实数域特征值分解的前后向平滑(RDFBSS)算法。算法根据前后向平滑算法协方差矩阵的中心-厄米特对称特点,通过实值化变换,使FBSS算法的特征值分解从复数域转为实数域,大幅减少了算法的运算量,且不影响解相干和统计性能,提高了实用性。仿真结果证实了算法的有效性。     

The role of space related non-governmental organizations (NGOs) in capacity building

Non-governmental organizations (NGOs) play a unique role in international affairs, providing access to resources, expertise, and assistance to supplement State resources. Sometimes the diplomatic skills and unofficial access of NGOs to policymakers through Track Two diplomacy can move a previously stalled critical issue forward and assist policymakers from different countries to find common ground outside official channels. Because they work outside of official channels, they are not bound by State policy that may inhibit negotiations between States. Some also have a convening power that sometimes makes it possible for State representatives to meet discipline experts and each other for informal discussions on issues of mutual interest. Finally, NGOs can draw attention to issues that may be overlooked or avoided by State organizations.     

Shock protection of penetrator-based instrumentation via a sublimation approach

It is often necessary for space-borne instrumentation to cope with substantial levels of shock acceleration both in the initial launch phase, as well as during entry, descent and landing in the case of planetary exploration. Current plans for a new generation of penetrator-based space missions will subject the associated on-board instrumentation to far greater levels of shock, and ways must therefore be found to either ruggedize or else protect any sensitive components during the impact phase. In this paper, we present an innovative method of shock protection that is suited for use in a number of planetary environments, based upon the temporary encapsulation of said components within a waxy solid which may then be sublimated to return the instrument back to its normal operation. We have tested this method experimentally using micromachined silicon suspensions under applied shock loads of up to 15,000g, and found that these were able to survive without incurring damage. Furthermore, quality factor measurements undertaken on these suspensions indicate that their mechanical performance remains unaffected by the encapsulation and subsequent sublimation process.     

Hilbert空间中严格伪压缩映像的强收敛定理

给出了一种求解严格伪压缩非自身映像不动点集上变分不等式的迭代算法，并证明了其强收敛性。此结果推广了姚永红和T．H．Kim等的研究结果。最后，进一步将结论推广到求解有限个严格伪压缩非自身映像公共不动点集上的变分不等式。     

Beam-Park-Experiment-1/2000 with TIRA

A monostatic 24-h debris observation campaign (BPE-1/2000) has been prepared and conducted using FGAN's TIRA L-Band system. Based on experiences from previous Beam-park experiments a similar largely automated data processing is applied on an extended range window of 300–2000km. More than 1500 detections are encountered, 471 of them are verified as being real objects in Low-Earth-Orbit (LEO). PROOF's observation forecasting of catalogued objects is evaluated against the observed objects, and the difficulties obtaining radar cross-sections (RCSs) and object sizes from Beam-park experiments are discussed. Sidelobe detections are identified by using background information like two-line element (TLE) sets and/or catalogued RCSs.In comparison with previous experiments, the statistics show similarities confirming the concept of Beam-park experiments for space debris observations, despite the snapshot character of 24-h experiments. The comparison with MASTER/PROOF'99 and ORDEM2000 leads to a reasonable agreement between models and observations.     

空间稳定型捷联惯导系统静态误差分析

定量分析空间稳定型捷联惯导系统的误差传播特性,以便实现惯导系统对战术技术指标及元部件对自身精度指标的设定要求.首先设计了一种用于地球表面导航的船用空间稳定型捷联惯导系统方案,然后通过求解静基座状态下的该种捷联惯导系统误差方程,分析了陀螺常值漂移以及加速度计零偏对空间稳定型捷联惯导系统的影响.理论分析以及实物试验表明陀螺常值漂移会造成经度误差随时间线性增长,其它导航信息按舒勒频率和地球频率等幅振荡传播.