旋转带肋直通道湍流流动TR-PIV实验

采用高频粒子图像测速系统(TR-PIV)测量了旋转带肋通道内的主流平均速度、雷诺切应力、再附点等参数,并研究其沿程变化规律,通道高宽比为1,肋的阻塞比为01,雷诺数为10 000,旋转数从0变化到052,实验结果表明:静止时流动呈对称分布,但旋转后产生的哥氏力会极大地影响通道内的湍流流动,随着转速的增加,主流速度型偏向后缘面,前缘面涡系结构不断增大,再附点不断后移,而后缘面正好相反,并且这种趋势会沿程发展;前缘面附近的雷诺切应力变得越来越弱,而后缘面则越来越强,沿程雷诺切应力极值基本不变,但下游区域有所扩大。      

Environmental stress level evaluation approach based on physical model and interval grey association degree

 Associating environmental stresses (ESs) with built-in test (BIT) output is an important means to help diagnose intermittent faults (IFs). Aiming at low efficiency in association of traditional time stress measurement device (TSMD), an association model is built. Thereafter, a novel approach is given to evaluate the integrated environmental stress (IES) level. Firstly, the selection principle and approach of main environmental stresses (MESs) and key characteristic parameters (KCPs) are presented based on fault mode, mechanism, and ESs analysis (FMMEA). Secondly, reference stress events (RSEs) are constructed by dividing IES into three stress levels according to its impact on faults; and then the association model between integrated environmental stress event (IESE) and BIT output is built. Thirdly, an interval grey association approach to evaluate IES level is proposed due to the interval number of IES value. Consequently, the association output can be obtained as well. Finally, a case study is presented to demonstrate the proposed approach. Results show the proposed model and approach are effective and feasible. This approach can be used to guide ESs measure, record, and association. It is well suited for on-line assistant diagnosis of faults, especially IFs.     

Numerical study of forced convective heat transfer around a spherical aerostat

Forced convective heat transfer is one of the major factors that dominate the thermal behaviors of aerostats. Due to the large physical size, the convection around an aerostat has high Reynolds numbers. The existing forced convective heat transfer correlations are limited to the Reynolds number lower than 10⁵, which are not appropriate for aerostat applications. Therefore, it is necessary to obtain a convective heat transfer correlation applicable to spherical aerostats at high Reynolds numbers. In this paper, steady convective heat transfer from an isothermal spherical aerostat is numerically investigated. The numerical simulation is carried out by commercial computational fluid dynamic software with the Reynolds number from 20 to 10⁸. The average Nusselt numbers are obtained and compared with those of available in literature. Based on regression and optimization with software, a new piecewise correlation of Nusselt number is proposed. The verification shows that the new correlation is reliable.     

一种未知信源数的快速DOA估计算法

文章针对众多性能优良的超分辨DOA（Direction—Of-Arrival）估计算法大都是以预知信源数为前提、信源数估计不准可能会导致DOA估计失败这一问题,提出了一种基于协方差矩阵对角加载的超分辨DOA估计算法。该算法不需要预判信源个数和进行特征值分解,且通过对协方差矩阵进行对角加载,可以平滑小快拍数时噪声特征值分散程度,因此,该算法更适用于快拍数较少的情况。理论分析表明：该算法的统计估计性能接近于MUSIC（Multiple Signal Classification）算法。计算机仿真结果验证了该算法的鲁棒性和可行性。     

六转子微型飞行器及其低雷诺数下的旋翼气动性能仿真

提出了一种新结构的六转子无人飞行器的概念,该飞行器可以在空间任意方向飞行,甚至可以在地面上滚动前进。分析了其可能的三种构型并给出了各自的运动方程,给出了三轴解耦时该飞行器的配置方式及转子空间位置。由于该飞行器具有小尺寸外形、低重量和飞行速度慢的特点,根据转子速度、弦长和飞行模态,计算得该飞行器的雷诺数变化范围为1×104到12.8×104。以选用的Eppler 387翼型作为分析对象,采用正投影混合网格方法对其在低雷诺数下的气动性能进行研究,得到了雷诺数分别为1×104,2×104,3×104和6×104下对应不同迎角的升力系数、阻力系数和升阻比,并对雷诺数为6×104下的升力系数仿真结果同试验结果进行了对比,二者具有较好的一致性。制作了六转子微型飞行器样机,实现了垂直起降及慢速前飞。     

基于变质性产品及模糊需求情况下的最优订购问题

将市场需求和变质率同时看成模糊数,并将物品的销售价格分成两部分来进行处理：没有损耗的产品以一种较高价格出售,有部分损耗的产品则按相对成本价较低的价格出售,建立使得平均利润最大的模糊库存模型,并利用三角模糊数、符号距离法进行处理,得出满足条件的最优订购批量。最后,通过分析算例来验证模糊库存模型比经典的库存模型更有效。     

锥柱形药柱环形槽内传热现象的数值研究

采用标准k-ε湍流模型和离散传递热辐射模型对不同来流雷诺数下锥柱形药柱前向环形槽内的流场与传热进行了数值研究。对槽内各表面与热气流之间的换热量进行了比较,并对努塞尔数沿环形槽各表面的变化进行了分析。结果表明来流雷诺数的大小影响环形槽内的旋涡数和旋涡区域的分布,进而影响槽内温度的分布,最终影响槽内装药表面与点火热气流之间的换热量。整个计算结果可为装药设计和分析推进剂的热解燃烧提供参考。     

机场道面聚丙烯腈纤维混凝土性能分析

对素混凝土和聚丙烯腈纤维混凝土的抗疲劳性能、弯曲韧性和抗冲击性能进行了试验研究,并分析了聚丙烯腈纤维对机场道面分类值PCV的改善效果。结果表明,掺入聚丙烯腈纤维后,混凝土各项性能指标显著提高,道面PCV值增加8.4％,大大提高了机场道面的承载能力。     

用于小Re数流动显示研究的水平式肥皂膜水洞

介绍了一种用于小如数流动显示研究的水平式肥皂膜水洞。该装置试验段流速稳定,流速范围为0．2～1．5m／s。采用了几种模型在该水洞中进行试验,试验结果表明,水平式肥皂膜水洞在研究小胁数流动显示方面具有独特优势,能够反映出物体在小胁数下的微细流动特征。     

雷诺数对涡扇发动机性能及稳定性影响

综合了Wassell方法和经验数学模型两种雷诺数修正方法,对风扇、压气机、高低压涡轮的部件特性进行了雷诺数修正。运用修正后的部件特性分别对3种涡扇发动机进行了性能计算,定量计算出了雷诺数对涡扇发动机性能的影响程度。计算结果表明:在低空区雷诺数对涡扇发动机性能和稳定性影响可以忽略不计;但在高空低速区,雷诺数对涡扇发动机性能和稳定性影响显著;涡轮前总温剧烈升高;推力增大3%～6%、耗油率增大8%～10%;稳定裕度下降19%～39%。因此在高空低速区航空发动机性能数值模拟必须考虑部件特性雷诺数的影响。