建筑物表面脉动压力测量与分析

建筑物表面的脉动压力分布及其特性，是引起结构物动态响应的重要原因之一。本文以建于台北县的某办公大楼为模拟对象，系统地研究了脉动压力测量中传压管路对测试系统频响特性的影响，通过采用串接毛细管抑制共振峰的方法很好地改善了系统的频响特性，并给出屯其研究结果。     

Analytical study on the inflated shape of a super pressure balloon covered with a diamond-shaped net

In the last two decades, extensive efforts have been made to develop a large super pressure balloon (SPB) capable of carrying heavy payloads for scientific observations of long durations. Due to recent achievements by the NASA Balloon Program Office, practical operations of large-scale lobed-pumpkin SPB will be realized in the near future. Meanwhile, the research team initiated the development of a lightweight SPB with an alternative design concept, in which the entire balloon is covered by a diamond-shaped net. In this work, the static structural response of the proposed SPB is analyzed by establishing a mathematical model to predict its inflated shape. This model is validated by comparing the generated results with those obtained from nonlinear finite element analysis. Excellent agreement between the analytical solutions and the corresponding finite element results was obtained. On the basis of the mathematical model, the inflated shape of the SPB is investigated and unique structural characteristics are deduced, i.e., the balloon inflates into a cylinder-like shape for a certain geometry of the cover net. This structural feature can be explained by considering the equilibrium of forces applied to the cover net.     

航空产品运输模拟试验结果的测量不确定度评估

航空产品制造、使用、维护过程中,需要采用公路运输模拟试验台在实验室进行运输试验,以检验产品质量。运输试验严酷等级及试验结果主要由主峰频率、加速度总均方根值及加速度功率谱密度三个参数进行控制。本文介绍了通过监测系统显示的此三个试验参数示值误差测量结果的不确定度评估方法。     

某型机供气分配系统故障分析与设计改进

本文对某型机空调供气分配系统出现的问题进行了研究，通过运用流体仿真手段对供气分配系统的压力损失、温度、流量和流速进行计算分析，并与空调系统性能试验结果进行对比分析，选择合理的驾驶舱和客舱分配比例，最终确定了空气分配系统的改进方案，改进后的供气分配系统操作简单，维护方便，经试验测试性能满足空调系统设计要求。     

适应高压燃烧的HTPB/AP/Al推进剂用钙盐降速剂研究

研究了碳酸钙(CaCO_3)和一种自制钙盐(CaOr)对HTPB/AP/Al推进剂燃烧性能和常温力学性能的影响,采用DSC-TG和SEM方法对比研究了CaOr、CaCO_3对AP热分解的影响,及含两种化合物的推进剂熄火表面形貌。结果表明,在3~17 MPa压强范围内,CaCO_3和CaOr均能有效降低HTPB/AP/Al推进剂的燃速和压强指数,CaOr比CaCO_3具有更好的燃速抑制效果,在高压段内的压强指数可降为0.17,达到平台推进剂水平。CaOr的加入使AP两个阶段的分解放热峰均向高温方向移动,CaCO_3对AP的低温分解峰没有影响,使AP的高温分解峰推迟。CaOr的降速效果优于CaCO_3的主要原因是其推迟了AP的低温分解峰,同时改变了AP的热分解历程,且在凝聚相中的分散性更好。     

Structural dynamic responses of a stripped solar sail subjected to solar radiation pressure

The stripped solar sail whose membrane is divided into separate narrow membrane strips is believed to have the best structural efficiency. In this paper, the stripped solar sail structure is regarded as an assembly made by connecting a number of boom-strip components in sequence. Considering the coupling effects between booms and membrane strips, an exact and semi-analytical method to calculate structural dynamic responses of the stripped solar sail subjected to solar radiation pressure is established. The case study of a 100 m stripped solar sail shows that the stripped architecture helps to reduce the static deflections and amplitudes of the steady-state dynamic response. Larger prestress of the membrane strips will decrease stiffness of the sail and increase amplitudes of the steady-state dynamic response. Increasing thickness of the boom will benefit to stability of the sail and reduce the resonant amplitudes. This proposed semi-analytical method provides an efficient analysis tool for structure design and attitude control of the stripped solar sail.     

基于超声速有益干扰原理的气动构型概念综述

超声速有益干扰气动设计概念于20世纪30年代提出，其基本思想是利用飞行器部件间的波系干扰获得诸如增升或减阻等性能收益。此概念在20世纪50~60年代得到了大量探索并部分实现了工程应用，在20世纪70年代至世纪末陷入沉寂。近年来，随着超声速运输机和高超声速飞行器技术的复兴，超声速有益干扰概念重新得到重视并有望得到工程应用。本文梳理了超声速有益干扰气动设计概念的发展历史，总结了应用超声速有益干扰原理的典型构型，如超声速双翼机、Flat-top构型、环翼和半环翼构型、伞翼构型、高压捕获翼构型等，并对典型构型的基本原理和气动特点进行了分析。对超声速有益干扰设计概念的未来进行了展望，概述了亟待研究的相关问题。     

高超声速风洞压敏漆试验技术

提出了适用于高超声速风洞开展压敏漆(PSP)试验研究的关键技术及解决办法。采用自主设计的PSP校准系统及测试系统,考核了代号为EC-PSP的压力敏感涂料在高超声速条件下的适用性、图像处理软件功能以及高温条件影响下数据处理方法的可行性。以压缩拐角模型为例开展了马赫数为5的高超声速PSP技术验证性风洞试验研究,辅以红外测温方法获得模型表面连续温度分布。试验结果表明在高超声速风洞开展的PSP试验技术研究清晰地捕获了基于压力变化的压缩拐角模型表面流动特征,实现了连续压力分布的测量。     

基于飞行器使用的高压薄壁气瓶的设计可靠性分析

本文对飞行器使用的承受内压的薄壁气瓶设计计算公式进行了分析,结合可靠性和概率设计理论,考虑压力、径比和材料性能等设计参数的不确定性,应用几个不同的强度设计理论,建立相应失效极限状态方程.之后对高压薄壁气瓶在相同设计输入下的可靠度进行了计算和对比分析,并对设计参数在不同强度设计理论下的敏感性进行了分析.     

Finite element analysis of an inflatable torus considering air mass structural element

Inflatable structures, also known as gossamer structures, are at high boom in the current space technology due to their low mass and compact size comparing to the traditional spacecraft designing. Internal pressure becomes the major source of strength and rigidity, essentially stiffen the structure. However, inflatable space based membrane structure are at high risk to the vibration disturbance due to their low structural stiffness and material damping. Hence, the vibration modes of the structure should be known to a high degree of accuracy in order to provide better control authority. In the past, most of the studies conducted on the vibration analysis of gossamer structures used inaccurate or approximate theories in modeling the internal pressure. The toroidal shaped structure is one of the important key element in space application, helps to support the reflector in space application. This paper discusses the finite-element analysis of an inflated torus. The eigen-frequencies are obtained via three-dimensional small-strain elasticity theory, based on extremum energy principle. The two finite-element model (model-1 and model-2) have cases have been generated using a commercial finite-element package. The structure model-1 with shell element and model-2 with the combination of the mass of enclosed fluid (air) added to the shell elements have been taken for the study. The model-1 is computed with present analytical approach to understand the convergence rate and the accuracy. The convergence study is made available for the symmetric modes and anti-symmetric modes about the centroidal-axis plane, meeting the eigen-frequencies of an inflatable torus with the circular cross section. The structural model-2 is introduced with air mass element and analyzed its eigen-frequency with different aspect ratio and mode shape response using in-plane and out-plane loading condition are studied.