基于区域预测和视觉注意计算的快速目标检测

提出了一种结合区域预测与视觉注意模型化计算的快速目标检测方法.通过分析图像近似均匀的3个水平子区域的方向特征图之灰度比率,灰度特征图之信息熵和子区域位置,建立了目标区域预测的判定准则.同时,通过优选特征和优化特征图之权重,改进了视觉注意计算模型.对于一幅待检测图像,根据区域预测的判定准则,实现目标区域的快速预测,并利用改进的视觉注意计算模型对目标区域进行视觉注意计算,实现特定目标的快速精确定位.实验结果表明:针对户外场景中的行人目标,与通过整幅图像的视觉注意计算来实现目标检测的传统方法相比较,该检测方法可使检测时间缩短30%,同时还能使检测准确率提高9%.      

PREDICTION OF SURFACE ROUGHNESS FOR END MILLING TITANIUM ALLOY USING MODIFIED PARTICLE SWARM OPTIMIZATION LS-SVM

It is difficult to construct the prediction model for titanium alloy through analyzing the formation mecha- nism of surface roughness due to the complicated relation between influential factors and surface roughness. A no- vel algorithm based on the modified particle swarm optimization （PSO） least square support vector machine （LS- SVM） is proposed to predict the roughness of the end milling titanium alloys. According to Taguchi method and features in milling titanium alloys, the influences of cutting speed, feed rate and axial depth of cut on surface roughness are investigated with the analysis of variance （ANOVA） of the experimental data. The research results show that the construction speed of the modified PSO LS-SVM model is two orders of magnitude faster than that of back propagation（BP） model. Moreover, the prediction accuracy is about one order of magnitude higher than that of BP model. The modified PSO LS-SVM prediction model can explain the influences of cutting speed, feed rate and axial depth of cut on the surface roughness of titanium alloys. Either a higher cutting speed, a lower feed rate or a smaller axial depth of cut can lead to the decrease of surface roughness.     

变循环发动机部件级建模技术

以双外涵变循环发动机为研究对象,建立了其整机部件级稳态及动态数学模型,建模过程中考虑了导叶角和导向器面积变化对压气机和涡轮部件特性的影响,考虑了模式选择活门面积变化对副外涵进口空气流量的影响,所建立的模型能够执行变循环发动机2种典型工作模式:稳态及模式切换过渡态仿真.仿真结果表明:随着模式选择活门逐渐关闭,前段风扇喘振裕度显著减小;双涵工作模式下发动机耗油率低,适用于亚声速巡航飞行;单涵工作模式下发动机单位推力高,适用于超声速巡航飞行.      

基于Matlab／Simulink的航空发动机部件级建模与分析

借助Matlab搭建完整的双轴涡轮风扇发动机模型,对各部件进行封装,利用Simulink显示模块观察仿真结果。在动态仿真时,引入容积动力效应,避免反复迭代过程,提高模型实时性。与GSP仿真软件结果进行对比,结果表明：所建立的模型具有较高精度,可以准确捕捉航空发动机的动态响应和稳态响应。     

临近空间飞行器多物理场耦合建模的网格映射方法

临近空间飞行器的研制面临许多复杂的问题和挑战,涉及总体、气动、结构、控制、防热、动力等多个学科和专业领域的相互作用、高度耦合的子系统。全系统、全流程的仿真验证与性能评估能够为设计工作提供重要依据,缩短研制周期。而气动、结构、防热等专业的仿真建模和模型解算基于有限体积法或有限元方法,依赖于不同的工具软件,且网格的划分方法不同。本文研究了临近空间高超声速飞行器多物理场耦合建模方法,研究并实现了异构网格耦合界面之间与耦合域之间的信息传递方法,从而实现了临近空间高超声速飞行器的多物理场耦合建模与仿真。     

Aerodynamic Modeling and Parameter Estimation from QAR Data of an Airplane Approaching a High-altitude Airport

Aerodynamic modeling and parameter estimation from quick accesses recorder (QAR) data is an important technical way to analyze the effects of highland weather conditions upon aerodynamic characteristics of airplane. It is also an essential content of flight accident analysis. The related techniques are developed in the present paper, including the geometric method for angle of attack and sideslip angle estimation, the extended Kalman filter associated with modified Bryson-Frazier smoother (EKF-MBF) method for aerodynamic coefficient identification, the radial basis function (RBF) neural network method for aerodynamic modeling, and the Delta method for stability/control derivative estimation. As an application example, the QAR data of a civil airplane approaching a high-altitude airport are processed and the aerodynamic coefficient and derivative estimates are obtained. The estimation results are reasonable, which shows that the developed techniques are feasible. The causes for the distribution of aerodynamic derivative estimates are analyzed. Accordingly, several measures to improve estimation accuracy are put forward.     

A Dual-driven Intelligent Combination Control of Heat Pipe Space Cooling System

Effective thermal control systems are essential for reliable operation of spacecraft.A dual-driven intelligent combination control strategy is proposed to improve the temperate control and heat flux tracking effects.Both temperature regulation and heat flux tracking errors are employed to generate the final control action;their contributions are adaptively adjusted by a fuzzy fusing policy of control actions.To evaluate the control effects,describe a four-nodal mathematical model for analyzing the dynamic characteristics of the controlled heat pipe space cooling system(HP-SCS) consisting of an aluminum-ammonia heat pipe and a variable-emittance micro-electromechanical-system(MEMS) radiator.This dynamical model calculates the mass flow-rate and condensing pressure of the heat pipe working fluid directly from the systemic nodal temperatures,therefore,it is more suitable for control engineering applications.The closed-loop transient performances of four different control schemes have been numerically investigated.The results conclude that the proposed intelligent combination control scheme not only improves the thermal control effects but also benefits the safe operation of HP-SCS.     

变体无人机动力学模型及切换控制研究

针对能够在飞行过程中进行结构变形的变体无人机,考虑由变形引起的气动力与力矩,惯性力与力矩的非线性变化,建立其在质点系假设条件下的多体动力学模型。根据切换系统理论,将变体无人机视为一类线性切换系统,选择设计点,采用极点配置方法针对各设计点处的线性子系统设计控制器,再制定以变形量为决策变量的控制切换方案,构成切换控制系统。通过建立公共Lyapunov函数,推导了能够保证闭环切换系统在结构变形过程中一致有界的充分条件。以变体无人机Fire-Bee为例,验证了方案的有效性,仿真结果表明闭环系统无论在固定结构下还是变形过程中都具有良好的动态特性。     

开式转子发动机对转桨扇性能建模研究

对转桨扇开式转子发动机性能计算的难点在于对转桨扇部件的性能计算。传统方法是将对转桨扇简化处理为涡轮螺桨进行计算,但精度较低。本文基于传统涡轮螺桨性能模拟方法,考虑前排桨扇出口气流对后排桨扇的影响,对前、后排桨扇进行独立建模,建立了开式转子发动机对转桨扇部件级性能计算模型,并使用美国NASA风洞试验数据进行验证。结果表明,对转桨扇性能模型计算精度较高,采用此模型可较准确地模拟不同设计参数和不同控制规律下的对转桨扇性能,并评估其对开式转子发动机总体性能的影响。     

复合材料蜂窝板积水的脉冲热像检测的研究

 用数值模拟和实验研究了飞机蜂窝板积水的脉冲热像检测的规律。提出了蜂窝板积水检测的新型三维传热模型;用有限元法分析了近水检测、远水检测和立放检测3种检测模式下信息参数与积水量的关系;用脉冲热像实验验证了近水检测的基本规律。结果表明:在这3种检测模式下,最大温差和最大对比度与积水高度均呈非线性关系,随着积水高度的增加而增大。近水检测灵敏度最高,其次是蜂窝板立放检测,远水检测灵敏度最低。积水和富胶对表面温度的影响趋势一致,利用温差曲线或最大温差信息无法区分积水和富胶状态。根据可检信息参数与积水高度的关系曲线可以反向估计积水高度。这些研究结果为飞机蜂窝板积水的脉冲热像检测及评估提供了技术支持。