刷式篦齿组合密封性能试验研究

与传统篦齿密封相比,刷式密封作为一种新型密封装置,密封性能改善明显。但在高压差条件下,刷式密封的封严性能提升效果不明显。为满足航空发动机高压差高性能需求,本文设计一种刷式篦齿组合密封来提升刷式密封的综合封严性能。刷式密封和刷式篦齿组合密封泄漏特性的仿真分析及对比试验结果表明,同工况条件下,刷式篦齿组合密封相比刷式密封,其泄漏量可减小（34.7%～68.5%）,封严性能更优异。因而,刷式篦齿组合密封为航空发动机高压差密封提供新的低成本途径,且结构紧凑、泄漏量低。     

一种流量调节器的设计与试验研究

为保证输送系统流量供应的稳定性和准确度,设计了一种新型可调汽蚀文氏管并提供了设计思路,其具有设计简单、线性度好、流量调节范围广等优点。通过理论分析,对该新型可调文氏管的流量计算公式进行了推导,获得流量与行程的关系式。最终选用较小的针锥全角、较大的喉部直径、截断针锥等操作,有效地提高了可调文氏管的线性度。对该可调文氏管进行了水试试验,通过不断调整针锥行程,获取了流量与针锥行程的对应关系。试验结果表明,本文设计的可调文氏管满足10：1的流量调节比要求,同时在超大流量调节比下依旧能够保证较好的线性度,可以作为流量调节器。     

双脉冲固体发动机燃烧室EPDM绝热层烧蚀性能实验研究

双脉冲发动机工作时燃烧室内部热环境复杂,对内绝热层设计提出很高要求,但对双脉冲发动机燃烧室内EPDM绝热层的烧蚀性能研究较少。为此,本文提出了工作时间为15s和两次点火工作时间为7.5s+7.5s的发动机实验方案,以研究双脉冲固体发动机燃烧室内EPDM绝热层的烧蚀性能。采用SEM电镜扫描、微米CT测试分析获得了烧蚀试件的表面宏观形貌、炭化层表面和断面微观形貌以及炭化层三维构型;利用测厚仪测量结果计算了试件的烧蚀率。结果表明,在总工作时间相等的情况下,双脉冲发动机中EPDM绝热层的烧蚀率比传统发动机大;与传统发动机中单次热冲击下烧蚀后试件相比,双脉冲发动机二次热冲击下烧蚀后试件的炭化层厚度减小约50%,总体孔隙率增大约13%;烧蚀表面致密层的致密程度也有所减小。双脉冲发动机工作时,EPDM绝热层的烧蚀性能在二次热冲击下发生较大变化,需在燃烧室内绝热层的设计过程中予以重视。     

Parametric study of turbine NGV blade lean and vortex design

The effects of blade lean and vortex design on the aerodynamics of a turbine entry nozzle guide vane (NGV) are considered using computational fluid dynamics. The aim of the work is to address some of the uncertainties which have arisen from previous studies where conflicting results have been reported for the effect on the NGV. The configuration was initially based on the energy efficient engine turbine which also served as the validation case for the computational method. A total of 17 NGV configurations were evaluated to study the effects of lean and vortex design on row efficiency and secondary kinetic energy. The distribution of mass flow ratio is introduced as an additional factor in the assessment of blade lean effects. The results show that in the turbine entry NGV, the secondary flow strength is not a dominant factor that determines NGV losses and therefore the changes of loading distribution due to blade lean and the associated loss mecha-nisms should be regarded as a key factor. Radial mass flow redistribution under different NGV lean and twist is demonstrated as an addition key factor influencing row efficiency.     

层次分析法在空间推进系统综合评价中的应用

在建立航天器推进系统综合评定体系的基础上，动用层次分析法对已经应用飞行的推进系统和有未来应用潜力的推进系统进行了评估。评估结果表明，从能量特性，使用性能、系统可靠性、经济性、系统特性五个准则上看，过氧化氢／煤油无毒推进系统是未来航天器在轨推进的最优选择。     

英汉对比的微观与宏观研究

文章首先简要总结了国内外英汉对比微观研究的现状，指出了理论研究主要在语言结构的普遍性方面，而目前最迫切的是要进行大量实用方面的研究，其重点在于两种语言的相异之处，包括同中有异和一方有一方无，同时又提出了对比中宏观研究的问题及宏观研究的两种重要方法－结合语言的社会功能和语言心理进行对比研究的方法，这就扩大了对比研究的领域，把英汉对比研究推进了一步。     

“读者接受”理论与《高级英语》教学自主学习模式研究

借鉴"读者接受"理论中以"读者为中心"的观点,研究《高级英语》课程教学的自主学习模式。本文认为,学生是审美活动的主体,在该教学模式中研究学生的元认知特点、教材、教学任务的设计和有效控制等因素,注重教学过程的研究,在实践中有效实现以学生为中心、培养学生综合素质的教学理念。     

Research on Maintainability Evaluation Model Based on Fuzzy Theory

分析了产品维修性影响属性,给出了维修性属性值与权重的确定方法;提出了基于相对接近度的维修性模糊评价方法。以虚拟环境下产品维修过程为研究对象,在分析产品各可更换单元的维修作业的基础上,建立了产品维修性评价模型。最后结合民机主起落架系统给出了应用实例,结果表明该模型适用于产品维修性的定性评价并且能够支持维修性并行设计。     

高等教育结构存在的主要问题与创新——以河南省为例

河南省高等教育结构目前尚存在学科专业结构不舍理、产学研相结合未形成良性互动机制、高层次研发人才培养能力不足和高等职业教育人才培养模式还需优化等问题。要切实落实河南省高等教育基础性、先导性、全局性的战略地位，在确立适度超前发展的理念下，坚持可持续发展、本土化、开放协作和生态和谐的原则，以培育高等教育园区发展极作为河南高等教育结构创新的战略目标，以和谐的生态结构作为结构创新的基本形态，以学科专业调整与发展作为结构创新的核心工作，以产学研有效结合作为结构创新的突破口，全力推进河南省高等教育结构的创新。     

Simulation study on slant-to-vertical deviation in two dimensional TEC mapping over the ionosphere equatorial anomaly

With the rapid increase of GPS/GNSS receivers being deployed and operated in China, real-time GPS data from nearly a thousand sites are available at the National Center for Space Weather, China Meteorology Administration. However, it is challenging to generate a high-quality regional total electron content (TEC) map with the traditional two-dimensional (2-D) retrieval scheme because a large horizontal gradient has been reported over east–south Asia due to the northern equatorial ionization anomaly. We developed an Ionosphere Data Assimilation Analysis System (IDAAS), which is described in this study, using an International Reference Ionosphere (IRI) model as the background and applying a Kalman filter for updated observations. The IDAAS can reconstruct a three-dimensional ionosphere with the GPS slant TEC. The inverse slant TEC correlates well with observations both for GPS sites involved in the reconstruction and sites that are not involved. Based on the IDAAS, simulations were performed to investigate the deviation relative to the slant-to-vertical conversion (STV). The results indicate that the relative deviation induced by slant-to-vertical conversion may be significant in certain instances, and the deviation varies from 0% to 40% when the elevation decreases from 90° to 15°, while the relative IDAAS deviation is much smaller and varies from −5% to 15% without an elevation dependence. Compared with ‘true TEC’ map derived from the model, there is large difference in STV TEC map but no obvious discrepancy in IDAAS map. Generally, the IDAAS TEC map is much closer to the “true TEC” than is STV TEC map is.