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51.
应用Strawn&.Kline的准同时粘性/无粘流匹配模型,于动量积分布方程中加入了曲率和雷诺正应力两个二阶修正项,计算了二维不可压湍流附面层分离流地。文中首先分析推导了新的曲率修正公式,给出了两个算例,比较了修正项对计算结果的影响,并与实验做了对比。 相似文献
52.
本文对平板附面层在有和没有涡流器情况下的传热性能进行了试验研究。测量了两种情况下的附面层速度分析和温度分布。结果表明,在涡流器排的近下游,传热性能有很大提高,附而层的速度分布有很大改变,壁面处的速度梯度大大增加,而温度梯度大大减少,原因是旋涡发生器产生的流向涡与附面层的相互作用。 相似文献
53.
LUO Cheng LIU Hua YANG Jia-ling LIU Kai-xin 《中国航空学报》2007,20(3):230-235
Crashworthiness requirement of fuel tanks is one of the important requirements in helicopter designs. The relations among the protection frame, textile layer and rubber layer of the fuel tank are introduced. Two appropriate FE models are established, one is for an uncovered helicopter fuel tank without protection frame, and the other is for fuel tank with protection frame. The dynamic responses of the two types of fuel tanks impinging on the ground with velocities of 17.3 m/s are numerically simulated for the purpose of analyzing energy-absorbing capabilities of the textile layer and protection frame. The feasibility of the current crashworthiness design of the fuel tank is examined though comparing the dynamic response behaviors of the two fuel tanks. 相似文献
54.
研究了镍基超合金激光/电火花打孔再铸层的物理化学特性,并报道了DZ125、ЖKC6y、K24、DD3、DD6以及IC10等合金的化学研磨处理对基材腐蚀及其力学性能与热疲劳性能的影响等。实验研究表明:镍基超合金的激光/电火花再铸层有着不同于其本身原始铸态的化学性能,采用适当的化学研磨介质和优化的化学研磨条件可以快速有效地去除再铸层,使孔圆整光滑而不损伤合金基体、不降低基体的力学性能,并且可提高孔的热疲劳性能,由此可望实现镍基超合金涡轮叶片“三无”气膜孔的激光/电火花打孔 化学研磨复合法高效高质量制造。 相似文献
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S. M. Krimigis D. G. Mitchell D. C. Hamilton S. Livi J. Dandouras S. Jaskulek T. P. Armstrong J. D. Boldt A. F. Cheng G. Gloeckler J. R. Hayes K. C. Hsieh W.-H. Ip E. P. Keath E. Kirsch N. Krupp L. J. Lanzerotti R. Lundgren B. H. Mauk R. W. McEntire E. C. Roelof C. E. Schlemm B. E. Tossman B. Wilken D. J. Williams 《Space Science Reviews》2004,114(1-4):233-329
The magnetospheric imaging instrument (MIMI) is a neutral and charged particle detection system on the Cassini orbiter spacecraft designed to perform both global imaging and in-situ measurements to study the overall configuration and dynamics of Saturn’s magnetosphere and its interactions with the solar wind, Saturn’s atmosphere, Titan, and the icy satellites. The processes responsible for Saturn’s aurora will be investigated; a search will be performed for substorms at Saturn; and the origins of magnetospheric hot plasmas will be determined. Further, the Jovian magnetosphere and Io torus will be imaged during Jupiter flyby. The investigative approach is twofold. (1) Perform remote sensing of the magnetospheric energetic (E > 7 keV) ion plasmas by detecting and imaging charge-exchange neutrals, created when magnetospheric ions capture electrons from ambient neutral gas. Such escaping neutrals were detected by the Voyager l spacecraft outside Saturn’s magnetosphere and can be used like photons to form images of the emitting regions, as has been demonstrated at Earth. (2) Determine through in-situ measurements the 3-D particle distribution functions including ion composition and charge states (E > 3 keV/e). The combination of in-situ measurements with global images, together with analysis and interpretation techniques that include direct “forward modeling’’ and deconvolution by tomography, is expected to yield a global assessment of magnetospheric structure and dynamics, including (a) magnetospheric ring currents and hot plasma populations, (b) magnetic field distortions, (c) electric field configuration, (d) particle injection boundaries associated with magnetic storms and substorms, and (e) the connection of the magnetosphere to ionospheric altitudes. Titan and its torus will stand out in energetic neutral images throughout the Cassini orbit, and thus serve as a continuous remote probe of ion flux variations near 20R
S (e.g., magnetopause crossings and substorm plasma injections). The Titan exosphere and its cometary interaction with magnetospheric plasmas will be imaged in detail on each flyby. The three principal sensors of MIMI consists of an ion and neutral camera (INCA), a charge–energy–mass-spectrometer (CHEMS) essentially identical to our instrument flown on the ISTP/Geotail spacecraft, and the low energy magnetospheric measurements system (LEMMS), an advanced design of one of our sensors flown on the Galileo spacecraft. The INCA head is a large geometry factor (G ∼ 2.4 cm2 sr) foil time-of-flight (TOF) camera that separately registers the incident direction of either energetic neutral atoms (ENA) or ion species (≥5∘ full width half maximum) over the range 7 keV/nuc < E < 3 MeV/nuc. CHEMS uses electrostatic deflection, TOF, and energy measurement to determine ion energy, charge state, mass, and 3-D anisotropy in the range 3 ≤ E ≤ 220 keV/e with good (∼0.05 cm2 sr) sensitivity. LEMMS is a two-ended telescope that measures ions in the range 0.03 ≤ E ≤ 18 MeV and electrons 0.015 ≤ E≤ 0.884 MeV in the forward direction (G ∼ 0.02 cm2 sr), while high energy electrons (0.1–5 MeV) and ions (1.6–160 MeV) are measured from the back direction (G ∼ 0.4 cm2 sr). The latter are relevant to inner magnetosphere studies of diffusion processes and satellite microsignatures as well as cosmic ray albedo neutron decay (CRAND). Our analyses of Voyager energetic neutral particle and Lyman-α measurements show that INCA will provide statistically significant global magnetospheric images from a distance of ∼60 R
S every 2–3 h (every ∼10 min from ∼20 R
S). Moreover, during Titan flybys, INCA will provide images of the interaction of the Titan exosphere with the Saturn magnetosphere every 1.5 min. Time resolution for charged particle measurements can be < 0.1 s, which is more than adequate for microsignature studies. Data obtained during Venus-2 flyby and Earth swingby in June and August 1999, respectively, and Jupiter flyby in December 2000 to January 2001 show that the instrument is performing well, has made important and heretofore unobtainable measurements in interplanetary space at Jupiter, and will likely obtain high-quality data throughout each orbit of the Cassini mission at Saturn. Sample data from each of the three sensors during the August 18 Earth swingby are shown, including the first ENA image of part of the ring current obtained by an instrument specifically designed for this purpose. Similarily, measurements in cis-Jovian space include the first detailed charge state determination of Iogenic ions and several ENA images of that planet’s magnetosphere.This revised version was published online in July 2005 with a corrected cover date. 相似文献
57.
杨胜群%孟庆武%耿林%吴林%陈彦宾 《宇航材料工艺》2007,37(3):58-60
为了提高钛合金的表面耐磨性,利用氧乙炔热喷涂枪,在TC4合金表面上制备出镍包石墨涂层。采用MXP-2000型销盘式摩擦磨损实验机,进行钛合金及其镍包石墨涂层的干摩擦磨损实验,并利用扫描电镜对磨损表面进行观察和分析。实验结果发现,镍包石墨涂层的摩擦系数只有钛合金的一半左右,前者磨损量为后者的1/6,说明镍包石墨涂层可以大大提高钛合金的表面耐磨性能。TC4合金的磨损机制以黏着磨损为主,喷涂层的磨损机制以磨粒磨损为主,喷涂层中的石墨润滑相是其耐磨性高的主要原因。 相似文献
58.
针对某机全机主操纵系统疲劳试验中动态操纵情况下的应变测量以及试验载荷监控问题进行了分析和讨论,并对基于应变测量数据分析的操纵系统疲劳试验载荷监控方法的确定及其应用效果进行了阐述。在操纵系统疲劳试验过程中的实际监控结果表明,该方法对副翼/平尾/方向舵操纵系统多种试验状态下的试验载荷监控实用有效。 相似文献
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