环形激光在测角方面的应用

环形激光是指在环形腔体内传播的激光。环形激光基于Sagnac 效应而具有特殊的应用价值。介绍了环形激光的工作原理、发展状况、应用情况。重点介绍了环形激光在惯性导航领域的应用和角度计量领域的应用,包括激光陀螺的介绍及环形激光动态测角仪在动态测角方面的应用,指出了环形激光应用的研究方向。     

考虑地球扁率修正的基于日地月方位信息的地球卫星自主导航

给出了基于地球球形假设的双圆锥地心方位确定算法,研究了考虑地球扁率的地心方位精确确定算法,给出了基于扁率修正的日地月自主导航算法。蒙特卡洛仿真表明,对于500km高度,对地定向三轴稳定的姿态运行模式的卫星,在地球敏感器噪声为0.1°(3σ),日、月敏感器噪声为0.05°(3σ)的情况下,导航位置精度能达到800m(3σ),速度精度能达到2.4m/s(3σ)。     

压力传感器静态校准方法改进

对目前发动机试验采用的压力传感器校准方法存在的问题进行了分析,针对这些问题,提出了一种压力传感器自动静态现场校准方法,该方法能减少对于压力标准源精度的依赖以及检定循环次数并提高校准工作效率。     

大气信道对沿海激光通信的影响分析

为利于沿海靶场激光通信系统的设计与应用,研究分析了晴天、轻霾天、雾天、湍流等常见天气中大气信道对激光通信的影响。针对短距离近地面传输特点,利用经验数学模型仿真分析了激光透过率与能见度以及误码率与折射率结构常量的定量关系。结果表明：激光波长越长,衰减和湍流效应影响越小;晴天大气衰减对通信影响最小,轻霾天次之,雾衰减影响最严重;强湍流闪烁效应对误码率影响较大,但增加链路高度和选择长波长激光可减小影响。     

撞击流混合器内速度脉动的间歇性分析

应用激光多普勒测速仪(LDA),对撞击流混合器的流场速度进行了实验测量.利用小波变换模极大值方法与分形理论结合,对撞击流混合器撞击区的速度脉动信号进行多重分形分析,计算其轴向和径向速度信号的间歇性指数,并与相关流动特性进行关联分析,探讨撞击流混合器撞击区非线性、非均匀性和混沌特性机理.通过分析同一转速不同位置和同一位置不同转速下的信号得出:撞击流混合器内部流体流动具有多重分形的特性,通过间歇性参数随位置变化出现的最低拐点可以判断混合器内部流体运动特征,得出流型的转变区域;转速对撞击区的影响大于对回流区的影响.为揭示撞击流混合器的流动机制提供了一种新的方法.     

撞击流混合器内速度脉动的间歇性分析

应用激光多普勒测速仪（LDA）,对撞击流混合器的流场速度进行了实验测量。利用小波变换模极大值方法与分形理论结合,对撞击流混合器撞击区的速度脉动信号进行多重分形分析,计算其轴向和径向速度信号的间歇性指数,并与相关流动特性进行关联分析,探讨撞击流混合器撞击区非线性、非均匀性和混沌特性机理。通过分析同一转速不同位置和同一位置不同转速下的信号得出：撞击流混合器内部流体流动具有多重分形的特性,通过间歇性参数随位置变化出现的最低拐点可以判断混合器内部流体运动特征,得出流型的转变区域;转速对撞击区的影响大于对回流区的影响。为揭示撞击流混合器的流动机制提供了一种新的方法。     

Investigation of Surface Integrity on TC17 Titanium Alloy Treated by Square-spot Laser Shock Peening

Laser shock peening(LSP) is an innovative surface treatment method,which has been shown to greatly improve the fatigue life of many metallic components.This work investigates surface integrity of TC17 titanium alloy treated by LSP with innovative square laser spot.Nd:glass laser with duration of 30 ns and spot size of 4 mm×4 mm is applied.The surface morphology and surface residual stress of the TC17 titanium alloy,treated with varying peening parameters such as laser power density and overlapping ratio,have been studied in detail.The results show that laser pulse energy greatly influences surface morphology and surface residual stress around single-spot treated areas,and compressive residual stresses are saturated as laser pulse energy is over 55 J.There are significantly different surface morphologies and residual stress distributions at the overlapped areas with different overlapping ratios.A relative smooth surface is produced with uniform compressive residual stress distribution at an overlapping ratio of 8 %.The experiment of residual stress relaxation is implemented by measuring residual stress at the center of four overlapped spots and by four point bending fatigue test at the frequency of 105 Hz.The compressive residual stresses induced by LSP are found to relax quite slowly under cyclic fatigue loading.     

激光熔覆原位自生TiC耐磨涂层的组织分析

采用激光熔覆工艺在Ti600合金表面制备了以原位自生TiC为增强相的耐磨涂层,并分析了涂层的微观组织,测试了涂层的硬度.结果表明:涂层与Ti600基体呈现良好的冶金结合,组织均匀致密,TiC均匀地分布于TiNiCrAl固溶体构成的涂层基体中.涂层上部为细小的树枝晶组织,中部为发达树枝晶组织.涂层显微硬度大约是基体的3倍.     

Simulation of optical response of retroreflectors for future lunar laser ranging

We numerically examined various retroreflectors as laser ranging targets for future missions to the Moon. The geometric conditions, such as the angle of incidence and velocity aberration, with lunar targets are much more restricted than those with most of the earth-orbiting artificial satellites. The numerical optical response simulation carried out in this study indicates that a single retroreflector with a diameter of 150–250 mm performs similar to the existing Apollo retroreflector arrays. Further, no dihedral angle is required for small retroreflectors with diameters below 150 mm for uncoated ones and below 100 mm for coated and hollow ones. Retroreflectors with larger diameters require dihedral angles of 0.20, 0.25, and 0.35 arcsec for coated, uncoated and hollow types, respectively. The objective of this fundamental study is to underlie the development of future laser ranging targets that are to be placed on the Moon.     

基于激光雷达的机载设备安装姿态校准

现代飞机对许多的机载设备安装提出更高的要求,而传统的飞机机载设备安装姿态的校准测量方法在测量校准精度和效率上已不能满足这些要求,需要采用基于先进数字化测量仪器和技术测量校准方法。通过对激光雷达系统测量原理的分析,本文提出了一种基于激光雷达的机载设备安装姿态校准新方法。与传统测量校准方法相比,这种基于激光雷达的校准方法在减少和简化测量校准工序、提高工作效率和校准精度等方面具有显著优点,能够满足现代飞机制造对机载设备安装姿态校准的更高要求。