基于FFT含有饱和环节的非线性等效系统的方法研究

基于快速傅里叶变换(FFT)方法,对系统的输入和输出信号进行快速傅里叶变换,对含有高次谐波的输出信号进行滤波,得到期望主频率的傅里叶频谱,然后进行傅里叶反变换,求得在各主频率下的幅值和相位.利用MATLAB中的非线性最小二乘拟配方法得到含有非线性环节的飞机纵向飞行控制系统的频域等效线性模型.这种方法也为含有非线性环节的飞机纵向飞行控制系统的飞行品质评估提供了一种可行的方法.     

A point-wise least squares spectral analysis (LSSA) of the Caspian Sea level fluctuations,using TOPEX/Poseidon and Jason-1 observations

The Caspian Sea has displayed considerable fluctuations in its water level during the past century. Knowledge of such fluctuation is vital for understanding the local hydrological cycles, climate of the region, and construction activities within the sea and along its shorelines. This study established a point-wise satellite altimetry approach to monitor the fluctuations of the Caspian Sea using a complete dataset of TOPEX/Poseidon for the period 1993 to the middle of 2002, and its follow-on Jason-1 for the period 2002 to August 2009. Therefore, 280 virtual time-series were constructed to monitor the fluctuations. The least squares spectral analysis (LSSA) method is, then employed to find the most significant frequencies of the time-series, while the statistical method of principle component analysis (PCA) is applied to extract the dominant variability of level variations. The study also used the observations of TOPEX/Poseidon and Jason-1 over the Volga River along with 5 years of Volga’s water discharge to study its influence on the Caspian Sea level changes. The LSSA results indicate that the lunar semidiurnal (M2) and the Sun semidiurnal (S2) frequencies are the main tidal frequencies of the Caspian Sea with the mean amplitude of 4.2 and 2.8 cm, respectively. A statistically significant long-term frequency (12.5-years period) is also found from altimetry and tide gauge observations. A phase lag, related to the inter-annual frequencies of the Volga River was detected from the point-wise time-series showing level propagation from the northwest to the southeast of the sea. The cross-correlation between the power spectrum of Volga and that of the northern-most, middle, and southern-most points within the Caspian Sea were respectively 0.63, 0.51 and 0.4 of zero-lag correlation, corroborating the influence of the Volga River. The result of PCA also shows that different parts of the Caspian Sea exhibit different amplitudes of level variations, indicating that the point-wise approach, when employing all available satellite measurements could be a suitable method for a preliminary monitoring of this inland water resource as it gives accurate local fluctuations.     

CBOC调制信号及其新型相关函数研究

介绍了复用二进制偏置载波（MBOC）信号的功率谱特性特点,用仿真方法讨论了复合二进制偏置载波（CBOC）信号时域表示及其功率谱密度、自相关函数和伪码跟踪性能,证明了CBOC信号的优越性。针对CBOC信号自相关函数多峰性,给出了一种CBOC信号新型相关函数的产生方法。     

离散光谱分辨率对喷流红外特性FVM计算的影响

建立了辐射传递方程(RTE)的有限元体积法(FVM)计算模型,研究了离散光谱分辨率对FVM计算精度的影响,提出了离散光谱分辨率无关解的概念,并编制了相应的FORTRAN源程序,结合大气飞行发动机标准算例进行了一系列计算和比较.结果表明;在给定的红外光谱域中,随着离散光谱的分辨率的提高,计算出的方向光谱辐射强度渐渐趋向于同一个值.在航空发动机喷流2～5μm红外光谱区间中,当划分150个以上等间隔光谱微元后,FVM可以保证达到离散光谱分辨率无关解.      

基于光谱信息散度的光谱解混算法

光谱解混是高光谱遥感定量化的关键,提出了一种基于光谱信息散度和光谱混合分析的光谱解混改进算法(SID-SMA,Spectral Information Divergence-Spectral Mixed Analysis).以光谱信息散度判定最优端元子集,端元选择时采用端元的初选和二次选择来提高端元选择的精度,得到较小的丰度估计误差.通过光谱库模拟数据的结果可以看出,SID-SMA的端元选择精度和丰度估计精度要优于其他算法,当信噪比为100∶ 1时,算法端元选择正确率达到了99.8%,29个端元的丰度估计总误差小于0.1,并且算法的速度较快.     

基于周期谱相关的扩频信号时差估计

周期谱相关时差估计法具有较强的抑制噪声和干扰的能力,适应于低信噪比的情况,但其抗噪声和干扰能力完全在于循环频率的选择.提出了运用周期谱特性选择扩频信号循环频率的方法,大大降低了谱相关时差估计算法的计算量.仿真结果表明,该方法是切实可行的.     

BOC调制信号的特性分析

二进制偏移载波(BOC)调制是GPS现代化后采用的新军用信号(即M码信号)的调制方式, 其设计灵活性和可变性在导航战中是非常重要的.推导并分析了不同形式BOC信号的自相关函数、功率谱、循环谱和循环谱包络切面特性,分析结果对下一步BOC信号的参数估计和模式识别具有参考价值.     

滑窗式谱减法在航空降噪中的应用

航空噪声的存在严重影响了机务人员和地勤人员的通信及健康,降低噪声是解决这一问题的有效途径。文章提出了一种新的改进谱减法,根据采集的真实航空噪声数据,将传统谱减法和改进的谱减法结果进行了比、较,计算结果表明,改进形式的谱减法可以有效降低航空噪声,提高语音的可懂度和信噪比。     

飞机结构的随机振动疲劳分析方法

飞机使用中经常会遇到因为结构振动而产生的疲劳破坏现象。飞机结构的振动疲劳分析是进行飞机结构动力学设计的重要设计分析手段。本文通过对国内外几十年来形成的主要的振动疲劳分析方法进行了归纳整理,为飞机设计和维修提供振动疲劳的设计与分析技术支持。     

基于自适应谱估计的跳频捕获技术

提出了一种基于谱估计的跳频(FH, Frequency Hopping)信号的捕获方法,建立了自回归自适应谱估计模型和算法,通过计算信号频谱估计了跳频信号的瞬时频率.当频率估计存在偏差时,为了避免错误判决,实现稳健捕获,给出了一种新的捕获逻辑.在高斯白噪声( AWGN, Additive-White Gaussian Noise)环境和瑞利(Rayleigh)衰落环境下,对不同天线阵元数目情况下的捕获性能包括平均捕获时间和误码率进行了数值仿真.仿真结果表明:谱估计算法能快速准确地估计出信号频率,实现跳频信号的快速捕获.