紧凑型横向变焦系统关键器件的设计方法与功能验证

变焦系统可实现连续的光学变焦，可对不同景深的目标实现连续成像。在焦深延拓和光学检测等领域具有广泛地应用和发展潜力。本文提出了一种紧凑型可实现连续变焦功能的扁平化位相衍射元件，并设计分析和验证了横向调制相位型变焦衍射元件的功能。通过标量衍射基本理论模型，借助菲涅尔波带和多台阶相位衍射元件的设计方法，实现了横向变焦关键器件的设计仿真和实验验证。并以多波长响应的空间光调制器为基础，搭建了器件相位调制验证实验系统，通过测试证明了所设计器件的变焦能力，仿真和实验测试均可实现5倍变焦目标的有效调制。     

基于动态补偿的多电机控制算法

多电机协调控制达到转速一致是电机控制中的一个关键难题，外加负载变动和电机参数变化时会引起电机性能的下降，达不到良好的控制效果。为使电机间保持转速同步，建立了永磁同步电机d-q坐标系下的矢量控制数学模型，基于转速跟随控制，提出一种基于单神经元PID的变增益速度补偿器进行偏差耦合控制。在MATLAB/Simulink建立了3台永磁同步电机的仿真模型。仿真结果表明，与传统PID固定增益速度补偿器算法相比，单神经元PID的变增益速度补偿器具有更强的鲁棒性以及更快的收敛性。     

Assessment of between-floor structural and topological properties on cognitive map development in multilevel built environments

The present study investigated cognitive map development in multilevel built environments. Three experiments were conducted in complex virtual buildings to examine the effects of five between-floor structural factors that may impede the accuracy of humans’ ability to build multilevel cognitive maps. Results from Experiments 1 and 2 (of three experiments) revealed that difficulties in developing multilevel cognitive maps are not solely caused by the z-axis offset, as is suggested in the literature, but are due to the factorial combination of a between-floor overlap and a z-axis offset. Results from Experiment 2 showed that this process becomes substantially more difficult when the reference directions between different floors have an angular offset from each other. Finally, results from Experiment 3 demonstrated that confusing between-floor heading shifts in aligned buildings did not make it reliably harder to build multilevel cognitive maps. The implications of these findings are discussed in terms of theories of mental representations in multilayered three-dimensional spaces, as well as for architectural design.     

Coordinating signs and eye gaze in the depiction of directions and spatial scenes by fluent and L2 signers of Norwegian Sign Language

The current study investigates the coordination of signs and eye gaze during depictions of directions and spatial scenes by fluent and second language (L2) signers of Norwegian Sign Language. First, findings show that fluent and L2 signers make different choices regarding the perspective they use to depict spatial scenes. Second, there is variation within and across groups in relation to how eye gaze is directed during these depictions. Findings suggest that eye gaze is used to establish a vantage point upon a depicted scene, but L2 learners may not always engage in this type of coordination. This study contributes to our understanding of how visual perspective is depicted in signed languages and has implications for signed language pedagogy.     

DD3单晶高温合金拉伸蠕变各向异性

研究了镍基单晶高温合金ＤＤ３（００１）,（０１１）,（１１１）取向光滑圆拉伸试样在７６０℃,８５０℃,９５０℃典型应力条件下的拉伸蠕变特征。试验发现,在较高蠕变应力水平时,ＤＤ３ 单晶合金具有明显且复杂的拉伸蠕变各向异性,且蠕变变形率及其对应力增加的敏感性的强弱顺序会随温度变化而发生变化。这归因于该合金的成分特征、蠕变应力、晶体取向决定的蠕变主滑移系类型（八面体、立方及二者混合）及位错移动动力学特点的不同     

近壁湍流相干结构的数值模拟

提出了近壁湍流对称单个相干结构的理论模型,采用紧致有限差分和Fourier谱展开相结合的数值方法研究它的演化问题,得到雷诺应力分布及高剪切层的形成过程与实验结果一致。     

实数域中的投影法及其在单次快摄阵处理中的应用

阵列处理中计算简单的投影法避免了矩阵特征分解(ＥＶＤ)的庞大计算量,然而仍需进行复数计算。为了进一步减小计算量,提出一种实数域中的投影法,它将投影矩阵及空间谱的计算均简化为实数的计算,从而。使阵处理的计算量大大减少,而且使估计性能保持不变。计算机模拟与实际外场实验数据的计算结果表明了算法的有效性。     

DD3 单晶粘塑性损伤本构模型研究

介绍了建立DD3单晶高温合金本构模型的理论和过程,详细推导了DD3单晶损伤演化方程,简要分析了模型的组成和特点。简单讨论了模型材料常数的标定方法,具体标定了950℃下的模型材料常数。给出了模型的预测结果和试验结果的对比曲线,从中看出,该模型能够较准确地描述DD3单晶的力学行为特点,可望用于单晶叶片的结构分析。     

单晶镍基合金稳态蠕变期间的内应力及影响因素

通过对［００１］取向单晶镍基合金稳态蠕变期间位错运动内应力的测定及ＥＤＡＸ微区成分分析,研究了两种合金的抗蠕变性能。结果表明,随温度的提高,合金２中γ′相尺寸和体积分数明显减少,而合金１中高浓度的Ａｌ,Ｔａ元素使γ′相保持较高的体积分数,这是合金１蠕变抗力优于合金２的主要原因。     

单晶叶片材料蠕变试验研究

针对单晶材料涡轮叶片的蠕变计算分析的需要,对我国自行设计的单晶材料DD3进行蠕变试验,根据试验结果提出了进行曲线拟合的方法,并与有限元法计算相结合,对拟合出的蠕变律常数进行了修正,提出了较好符合试验曲线的较精确的Norton蠕变律有关常数A、n和p值,满足了单晶叶片非线性有限元蠕变分析的要求.