镍基高温合金铣削加工的残余应力研究

对硬质合金与陶瓷两类不同刀具分别以低速湿式铣削和高速干铣削方式加工镍基高温合金GH4169时的已加工表面残余应力进行研究.采用X射线衍射法测量铣削后的工件表面残余应力.采用涂层硬质合金刀具在较低铣削速度30～90m/min并浇注切削液的条件下铣削GH4169时,可在工件表面形成残余压应力或相对较小的残余拉应力,对残余应力数据进行统计分析.结果表明,刀具和铣削速度对表面残余应力均有显著影响,而且表面残余应力总体上随着每齿进给量的增加而呈现拉应力增加的趋势.采用涂层Al2O3-SiCw和Sialon陶瓷刀具以较高铣削速度300～1100m/min干铣削GH4169时,工件表面都将形成很大的残余拉应力.镍基高温合金GH4169的精加工更适合采用硬质合金涂层刀具并浇注切削液充分冷却,而陶瓷刀具干铣削则更适合于GH4169的粗加工.     

粒子冲刷对丁羟推进剂燃烧性能影响试验研究

利用X射线实时荧屏分析技术(RTR),开展了粒子冲刷条件下固体推进剂燃烧特性试验研究,获得了冲刷条件下丁羟推进剂燃烧界面动态退移图像和燃速变化规律。结果表明,在不同粒子冲刷速度条件下,丁羟推进剂的燃速均有增大。当粒子冲刷速度大于某一值时,燃面上会有凹坑形成,表明粒子冲刷导致推进剂燃速增加加剧,当冲刷速度小于这一值时,燃面上不会有明显凹坑出现,但在气相冲刷的作用下燃速也会有不同程度地增大,改变粒子浓度对燃速的影响不太明显。     

Relationships between energetic storm particle events and interplanetary shocks driven by full and partial halo coronal mass ejections

We have analysed energetic storm particle (ESP) events in 116 interplanetary (IP) shocks driven by front-side full and partial halo coronal mass ejections (CMEs) with speeds $>$400 km s^?1during the years 1996–2015. We investigated the occurrence and relationships of ESP events with several parameters describing the IP shocks, and the associated CMEs, type II radio bursts, and solar energetic particle (SEP) events. Most of the shocks (57 %) were associated with an ESP event at proton energies $>$1 MeV.The shock transit speeds from the Sun to 1 AU of the shocks associated with an ESP event were significantly greater than those of the shocks without an ESP event, and best distinguished these two groups of shocks from each other. The occurrence and maximum intensity of the ESP events also had the strongest dependence on the shock transit speed compared to the other parameters investigated. The correlation coefficient between ESP peak intensities and shock transit speeds was highest (0.73 $\pm$ 0.04) at 6.2 MeV. Weaker dependences were found on the shock speed at 1 AU, Alfvénic and magnetosonic Mach numbers, shock compression ratio, and CME speed. On average all these parameters were significantly different for shocks capable to accelerate ESPs compared to shocks not associated with ESPs, while the differences in the shock normal angle and in the width and longitude of the CMEs were insignificant.The CME-driven shocks producing energetic decametric–hectometric (DH) type II radio bursts and high-intensity SEP events proved to produce also more frequently ESP events with larger particle flux enhancements than other shocks. Together with the shock transit speed, the characteristics of solar DH type II radio bursts and SEP events play an important role in the occurrence and maximum intensity of ESP events at 1 AU.     

电视导引头图像闪烁故障分析

针对电视导引头存在的“图像闪烁”故障，重点分析了故障的常发生部位，如硅靶管、CCD、图像处理电路和电视摄像机光圈等，并从故障部位的结构特点和工作原理入手，详细阐述了故障产生的原因、机理以及排故方法，为同类故障的修理提供参考。     

用于热真空环境下整星微波无线测试的低PIM吸波热沉研制

随着通信卫星技术的发展,收发共用已成为通信卫星有效载荷常用的设计方法,在这种情况下,无源互调(passive intermodulation,PIM)问题就显得尤为突出。为了完成整星及转发器分系统在热真空环境下的PIM指标测试,利用碳化硅吸波材料研制了一种低PIM吸波热沉,并利用该吸波热沉建立了指标小于150 dBm的低PIM测试环境,同时兼具热流模拟功能和微波功率耐受能力。在热真空环境下圆满完成了国内首次有整星参与的微波载荷无线PIM测试试验。     

SiC MOSFET短路特性

为确保碳化硅(SiC)功率器件在过载、短路等工况下能安全可靠地工作,必须充分认识SiC器件的短路机理。首先对SiC MOSFET硬开关短路故障下短路电流原理进行了分析,在此基础上对不同电路参数对SiC MOSFET短路特性的影响进行了对比分析,揭示了短路特性的关键影响因素,并对Si与SiC MOSFET短路能力和器件恶化机理进行了对比分析,从而为设计SiC MOSFET短路保护电路提供一定的指导。     

等离子喷涂中粉末熔化过程的数值分析

研究了等离子喷涂过程中粉末粒子在等离子射流中的熔化过程，用有限差分法计算了不同物性参数的两种粉粒（铝和氧化锆）的固相加热和熔化过程，分析了等离子体温度，换热系数，粉粒直径和粉粒初始温度对粉粒熔化时间的影响，为优化工艺参数，提高涂层质量提供了理论依据。     

Anomalous particle transport in the heliosphere

The transport of energetic particles in the presence of magnetic turbulence can exhibit a variety of regimes different from the standard quasilinear diffusion. Here we discuss a number of solar and space problems where nonquasilinear diffusion is found, and then we illustrate anomalous transport regimes, for which the mean square deviation grows nonlinearly with time. In particular, we concentrate on superdiffusive regimes, and show what is the theoretical framework which is to be used to describe superdiffusion. We discuss the results of numerical simulations which show that superdiffusive and subdiffusive regimes are possible, and describe data analyses which allow to single out the superdiffusive transport from the observation of energetic particle profiles upstream of interplanetary shocks. The implications of superdiffusion on the efficiency of wave particle interactions are also discussed.     

Properties of solar X-ray flares and proton event forecasting

X-ray flares and acceleration processes are in one complex of sporadic solar events (together with CMEs, radio bursts, magnetic field dissipation and reconnection). This supposes the connection (if not physical, but at least statistical) between characteristics of the solar energetic proton events and flares. The statistical analysis indicates that probability and magnitude of the near-Earth proton enhancement depends heavily on the flare importance and their heliolongitude. These relations may be used for elaboration of the forecasting models, which allow us to calculate probability of the solar proton events from the X-ray observations.     

The influence of in situ pitch-angle cosine coverage on the derivation of solar energetic particle injection and interplanetary transport conditions

Modelization of solar energetic particle (SEP) events aims at revealing the general scenario of SEP injection and interplanetary propagation and relies on in situ measurements of SEP distributions. In this paper, we study to what extent the LEFS60 and LEMS30 electron telescopes of the Electron Proton Alpha Monitor (EPAM) on board the Advanced Composition Explorer are able to scan pitch-angle distributions during near-relativistic electron events. We estimate the percentage of the pitch-angle cosine range scanned by both telescopes for a given magnetic field configuration. We obtain that the pitch-angle coverage is always higher for LEFS60 than for LEMS30. Therefore, LEFS60 provides more information of the directional distribution of the observed particles. The aim of the paper is to study the relevance of the coverage when fitting LEFS60 particle measurements in order to infer the solar injection and the interplanetary transport conditions. By studying synthetic electron events, we obtain that at least 70% of the pitch-angle cosine range needs to be scanned by the telescope. Otherwise, multiple scenarios can explain the data.