直角切削6061-T6铝合金剪切区力学行为及微观结构演化预测

力学行为是塑性变形微观过程的宏观表现,早期的金属切削理论模型没有考虑微观结构对切削力的影响。在考虑热力耦合效应的基础上建立了基于位错密度材料模型的6061-T6铝合金直角切削力预测模型,分析了不同切削参数下基于位错运动的塑性变形机制对切削力的影响。结合等分剪切区和非等分剪切区模型,构建了第一变形区多物理场计算方法,提出一种切屑形成过程中由塑性变形引起的微观结构演化解析模型。通过测量切削力和切屑内晶粒尺寸对模型的可行性进行了初步验证。结果表明：剪切区长度变长引起参与位错滑移的材料增多是切削深度增大导致切削力增大的主要原因。增大切削速度导致切削力的降低不是单一变量影响的结果,而是应变降低引起位错增殖数量减少和温度升高引起位错湮灭作用增加的共同作用结果。非等分剪切区模型正确反映了第一变形区温度和应力的分布特征,且与二维有限元模型分布相一致,建立的第一变形区微观结构演化解析模型能够预测切屑内位错密度和晶粒尺寸。     

利用零运动避免SGCMG框架轴转速死区的方法

研究了应用SGCMG零运动避免框架轴转速死区的方法。利用奇异值分解的方法对SGCMG的零运动进行分析,提取正交的零空间基底与各个基底对应的坐标值。以SGCMG零运动尽量远离零为原则选取性能指标,令性能指标取极小,求解出零空间基底坐标方向的单位列阵。以每一个SGCMG的框架轴转速均大于死区转速为准则,给出了选取零空间基底坐标列阵模长的方法。设计SGCMG零空间基底坐标的调节策略,能使得SGCMG长时间运行在框架轴转速死区外。最后给出含有卫星姿态控制系统的仿真实例,校验了所设计零运动的有效性。     

变循环发动机模式转换对压缩部件的影响

针对变循环发动机在模式转换过程中模式选择阀回流对压缩部件产生影响的问题,建立了不同模式选择阀角度的压缩系统模型,开展了多工况联合数值仿真,详细分析了在模式转换过程中外涵的流动特征以及回流对压缩部件的影响,针对回流发生机理,从整机调节的角度提出了避免回流的措施并进行了数值验证。结果表明:变循环发动机在模式转换时直接打开模式选择阀将导致气体发生回流,回流使风扇工作点升高、喘振裕度下降,模式选择阀打开至14°时风扇接近喘振边界,回流导致CDFS进口产生进气畸变,压力畸变指数最高达到15%,从而影响CDFS的性能。在模式转换前打开喷口和后涵道引射器,再配合调节前涵道引射器和CDFS进口导叶,可以避免发生回流,从而保证变循环发动机稳定工作。     

推进剂/包覆层界面脱粘率相关特性研究

固体火箭发动机(SRM)装药包覆界面性能对发动机安全工作意义重大。为研究改性双基(CMDB)推进剂/三元乙丙(EPDM)包覆层界面在不同受载速率下的脱粘情况,采用双悬臂梁(DCB)试件对包覆粘接界面进行了界面脱粘性能试验研究,获取了脱粘界面扩展过程中的加载点载荷-位移曲线。同时,构建了界面率相关内聚力模型(CZM),并采用Hooke_Jeeves优化算法反演识别出相关模型参数。通过对比多阶段加载实验及仿真结果曲线验证了模型的可靠性,结果表明,二者变化趋势基本一致,最大误差小于15%,所得结论对固体火箭发动机装药界面脱粘研究具有一定参考价值。     

翼型支板火焰稳定器结构参数的研究

以NACA翼型参数算法为基础进行翼型支板火焰稳定器设计,并采用数值模拟方法探讨了翼型稳定器最大厚度位置和截尾厚度两个结构参数对总压恢复系数和回流区长度的影响.结果表明:在来流马赫数为0.15~0.30的条件下,随着翼型稳定器最大厚度位置向尾缘方向后移,总压恢复系数先增大后急剧减少,回流区长度则呈现相反趋势;翼型稳定器截尾厚度越小,其最大总压恢复系数越大,且回流区长度与截尾厚度的1.5次方成正比.      

率相关HTPB推进剂/衬层界面Ⅱ型内聚力模型

采用实验与反演相结合的方法构建了端羟基聚丁二烯(HTPB)推进剂/衬层界面的率相关的内聚力模型.采用改进的单搭接试件完成了HTPB推进剂/衬层界面的断裂实验研究,采用内聚力单元方法对单搭接试件进行了数值研究,结合基于Hook-Jeeves优化算法的反演识别程序,获取了不同加载率下的界面断裂参数.由于界面断裂参数具有明显的率相关性,通过构建率相关的损伤函数,构建了基于双线性内聚力模型的率相关HTPB推进剂/衬层界面Ⅱ型内聚力模型.模型预测结果和实验结果的对比相关系数大于99%,说明本文所建立的 率相关内聚力模型具有较高的准确性,能够准确描述加载率为5~200mm/min时推进剂/衬层界面的断裂性质.      

Three-dimensional temperature prediction in cylindrical turning with large-chamfer insert based on a modified slip-line field approach

Chamfered inserts have found broader applications in metal cutting process especially in high-performance machining of hard-to-cut materials for their excellent edge resistance and cutting toughness. However, excessive heat generation and resulting high cutting temperature eventually cause severe tool wear and poor surface integrity, which simultaneously limits the optimal selection of machining parameters. In the present study, an analytical thermal–mechanical model is proposed for the prediction of the three-dimensional (3-D) temperature field in cylindrical turning with chamfered round insert based on a modified slip-line field approach. First, an innovative discretization method is introduced in a general 3-D coordinate system to provide a comprehensive demonstration of the irregular cutting geometry and heat generation zones. Then, a plasticity-theory-based slip-line field model is developed and employed to determine the intensities and geometries of every elementary heat sources in Primary Deformation Zones (PDZ), Secondary Deformation Zones (SDZ) and Dead Metal Zones (DMZ). At last, a 3-D analytical model is suggested to calculate the temperature increases caused by the entire heat sources and associated images. The maximum cutting temperature region predicted is found existing upon the chip-tool contact area rather than the tool edge. Moreover, the rationalities of cutting parameters employed are analyzed along with theoretical material removal rates and ensuing maximum cutting temperatures. The results indicate that the cutting conditions with large depth of cut and high cutting speed are more desirable than those with high feed rates. The proposed models are respectively verified through a series of 3-D Finite Element (FE) simulations and dry cutting experiments of Inconel 718 with chamfered round insert. Satisfactory agreement has been reached between the predictions and simulations as well as the measurements, which confirms the correctness and effectiveness of the presented analytical model.     

母弹飞行稳定性及尾部流场分析

为了得到航弹母弹飞行稳定性及尾部流场特性,通过模拟试验和数值计算进行了研究.试验和模拟结果均表明该母弹飞行稳定,且两结果吻合较好.另外,采用数值计算对尾部流场进行了分析,得到了尾部压力分布特性,表明弹尾部存在涡流区,该区范围和流速随弹飞行速度的增加而增大.      

Residual Strength of Stiffened LY12CZ Aluminum Alloy Panels with Widespread Fatigue Damage

Experimental and analytical investigations on the residual strength of the stiffened LY12CZ aluminum alloy panels with widespread fatigue damage （WFD） are conducted. Nine stiffened LY12CZ aluminum alloy panels with three different types of damage are tested for residual strength. Each specimen is pre-cracked at rivet holes by saw cuts and subjected to a monotonically increasing tensile load until failure is occurred and the failure load is recorded. The stress intensity factors at the tips of the lead crack and the adjacent WFD cracks of the stiffened aluminum alloy panels are calculated by compounding approach and finite element method （FEM） respectively. The residual strength of the stiffened panels with WFD is evaluated by the engineering method with plastic zone linkup criterion and the FEM with apparent fracture toughness criterion respectively. The predicted residual strength agrees well with the experiment results. It indicates that in engineering practice these methods can be used for residual strength evaluation with the acceptable accuracy. It can be seen from this research that WFD can significantly reduce the residual strength and the critical crack length of the stiffened panels with WFD. The effect of WFD crack length on residual strength is also studied.