三元乙丙橡胶薄膜黏接界面温度相关性力学性能

采用双悬臂夹层梁(DCSB)试件对三元乙丙橡胶(EPDM)薄膜黏接界面Ⅰ型断裂的温度相关性进行了研究;采用线弹性断裂力学(LEFM)方法获取了黏接界面断裂能,将其与单轴拉伸所得内聚强度作为双线性内聚力模型(CZM)参数,对不同温度条件下双悬臂夹层梁试件的Ⅰ型断裂行为进行了数值仿真.结果表明:仿真与实验曲线偏差较大,偏差出现的原因主要是未经修正的线弹性断裂力学方法所求断裂能存在较大的误差,需对其进行修正.调整模型参数使仿真曲线与实验曲线重合,获取了黏接界面的准确力学性能参数,采用此参数得到的仿真结果与实验结果具有较高的吻合度,证明了模型的可适用性.     

基于涡流发生器的风洞侧壁附面层控制

为降低风洞侧壁附面层对半模型数据的影响,在前期数值模拟的基础上,研制了一种适用于2.4m跨声速风洞半模型试验段侧壁的梯形涡流发生器,并进行了试验验证.结果表明:加装涡流发生器效果明显,亚声速范围内能够使附面层厚度降低20%~30%,对主气流均匀性影响可忽略;加装后半模型零升阻力系数降低,升力线斜率增大,压力中心向机身移动,体现了明显的附面层减薄效果,证明所研制的涡流发生器可应用于亚声速半模型试验中.      

固体火箭发动机流体喉部推力矢量特性

针对采用水作为二次流工质的流体喉部进行了冷流实验及数值模拟研究.研究了该种固体火箭发动机流体喉部的一般规律,包括不同二次流射流方式,不同二次流流量下流体喉部的扼流性能,推力偏角及推力效率,数值模拟及实验结果吻合较好.结果表明:扼流性能与二次流的注射位置、注射角度及流量比有关,且随二次流/主流流量比的增大而增大.喉部二次流喷射能有效的调节有效喉部面积进而调节推力大小,当流量比为0.4时,最大有效喉部面积比为0.8;扩张段二次流喷射能有效调节推力方向,当流量比为0.4时,最大推力偏角为20°;喉部二次流与扩张段二次流入射位置存在相位差可有效降低喉部与扩张段二次流干扰.      

Simultaneous state and actuator fault estimation for satellite attitude control systems

In this paper, a new nonlinear augmented observer is proposed and applied to satellite attitude control systems. The observer can estimate system state and actuator fault simultaneously. It can enhance the performances of rapidly-varying faults estimation. Only original system matrices are adopted in the parameter design. The considered faults can be unbounded, and the proposed augmented observer can estimate a large class of faults. Systems without disturbances and the fault whose finite times derivatives are zero piecewise are initially considered, followed by a discussion of a general situation where the system is subject to disturbances and the finite times derivatives of the faults are not null but bounded. For the considered nonlinear system, convergence conditions of the observer are provided and the stability analysis is performed using Lyapunov direct method. Then a feasible algorithm is explored to compute the observer parameters using linear matrix inequalities (LMIs). Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed approach is illustrated by considering an example of a closed-loop satellite attitude control system. The simulation results show satisfactory perfor-mance in estimating states and actuator faults. It also shows that multiple faults can be estimated successfully.     

Machining of a film-cooling hole in a single-crystal superalloy by high-speed electrochemical discharge drilling

Single-crystal superalloys are typical advanced materials used for manufacturing aeroengine turbine blades. Their unique characteristics of high hardness and strength make them exceedingly difficult to machine. However, a key structure of a turbine blade, the film-cooling hole,needs to be machined in a single-crystal superalloy; such machining is challenging, especially considering the increasing levels of machining efficiency and quality demanded by the aeroengine industry. Tube electrode high-speed electrochemical discharge drilling(TSECDD), a hybrid technique of high-speed electrical discharge drilling and electrochemical machining, provides high machining efficiency and accuracy, as well as eliminating the recast layer. In this study, TSECDD is used to machine a film-cooling hole in a nickel-based single-crystal superalloy(DD6). The Taguchi methods of experiment are used to optimise the machining parameters. Experimental results show that TSECDD can effectively drill the film-cooling hole; the optimum parameters that give the best performance are as follows: pulse duration: 12 ls, pulse interval: 30 ls, peak current:6 A, and salt solution conductivity: 3 m S/cm. Finally, a hole is machined by TSECDD, and the results are compared with those obtained by electrical discharge machining. TSECDD is found to be promising for improving the surface quality and eliminating the recast layer.     

Gust response analysis and wind tunnel test for a high-aspect ratio wing

A theoretical nonlinear aeroelastic response analysis for a flexible high-aspect ratio wing excited by harmonic gust load is presented along with a companion wind tunnel test. A multidisci-plinary coupled numerical calculation is developed to simulate the flexible model wing undergoing gust load in the time domain via discrete nonlinear finite element structural dynamic analysis and nonplanar unsteady vortex lattice aerodynamic computation. A dynamic perturbation analysis about a nonlinear static equilibrium is also used to determine the small perturbation flutter bound-ary. A novel noncontact 3-D camera measurement analysis system is firstly used in the wind tunnel test to obtain the spatial large deformation and responses. The responses of the flexible wing under different static equilibrium states and frequency gust loads are discussed. The fair to good quanti-tative agreements between the theoretical and experimental results demonstrate that the presented analysis method is an acceptable way to predict the geometrically nonlinear gust response for flex-ible wings.     

Robust fault-tolerant control for wing flutter under actuator failure

Many control laws, such as optimal controller and classical controller, have seen their applications to suppressing the aeroelastic vibrations of the aeroelastic system. However, those control laws may not work effectively if the aeroelastic system involves actuator faults. In the current study for wing flutter of reentry vehicle, the effect of actuator faults on wing flutter system is rarely considered and few of the fault-tolerant control problems are taken into account. In this paper, we use the radial basis function neural network and the finite-time H_∞ adaptive fault-tolerant control technique to deal with the flutter problem of wings, which is affected by actuator faults, actuator saturation, parameter uncertainties and external disturbances. The theory of this article includes the modeling of wing flutter and fault-tolerant controller design. The stability of the finite-time adaptive fault-tolerant controller is theoretically proved. Simulation results indicate that the designed fault-tolerant flutter controller can effectively deal with the faults in the flutter system and can promptly suppress the wing flutter as well.     

A new steering approach for VSCMGs with high precision

A new variable speed control moment gyro (VSCMG) steering law is proposed in order to achieve higher torque precision. The dynamics of VSCMGs is established, and two work modes are then designed according to command torque:control momentum gyro (CMG)/reaction wheel (RW) hybrid mode for the large torque case and RW single mode for the small. When working in the CMG/RW hybrid mode, the steering law deals with the gimbal dead-zone nonlinearity through compensation by RW sub-mode. This is in contrast to the conventional CMG singularity avoidance and wheel speed equalization, as well as the proof of definitely hyperbolic singular property of the CMG sub-mode. When working in the RW single mode, the motion of gimbals will be locked. Both the transition from CMG/RW hybrid mode to RW single mode and the reverse are studied. During the transition, wheel speed equalization and singularity avoidance of both the CMG and RW sub-modes are considered. A steering law for the RWs with locked gimbals is presented. It is shown by simulations that the VSCMGs with this new steering law could reach a better torque precision than the normal CMGs in the case of both large and small torques.     

基于动态逆-滑模的高速飞行器控制器设计

吸气式高超声速飞行器巡航状态下飞行环境复杂,建模时存在非线性以及参数摄动.基于小扰动假设的传统经典控制理论难以适应当前任务对鲁棒性的要求,对此提出了一种非线性动态逆-滑模控制律改进方法.通过对吸气式高超声速飞行器模型精确反馈线性化得到解耦形式的线性方程,为速度和高度设计出动态逆控制律来抵消非线性特性,在动态逆的基础上采用滑模变结构来补偿参数摄动带来的误差.仿真结果表明,所设计的控制方法具有良好的动态性能及鲁棒性.     

基于动态面控制的多弹协同制导控制方法

为实现多枚导弹对目标进行饱和攻击,基于动态面控制理论设计了具有攻击时间约束的制导控制方法.综合弹目距离方程和动力学方程建立了制导控制一体化模型,改进设计了基于弹目距离信息的协同策略;考虑导弹速度变化、目标运动、导弹框架角受限以及避免控制器奇异等因素,设计了协同策略中的关键参数,并给出了导弹群理想协同攻击时间的选取方法.在导弹控制输入受限的前提下,采用动态面控制理论设计了导弹扰动鲁棒控制器.仿真结果表明,所提方法能够在满足多种约束的前提下,以较高的精度实现对目标的饱和攻击.