固体发动机界面粘接性能的非线性超声无损评价

壳体/绝热层界面衬层的粘接性能会影响固体发动机最终性能。基于超声纵波透射法,结合衬层样本的红外光谱图,研究衬层固化过程中超声非线性系数与微观组织结构间的关系。铌酸锂晶片的滤波特性,有效减少前端仪器的非线性,提高了测量数据的鲁棒性。实验结果表明,随着固化度增加,超声非线性系数逐渐减小,界面粘接性能越好。因此,利用超声非线性系数,可对界面的粘接性能进行超声无损评价。     

基于滑模微分器的吸气式高超声速飞行器鲁棒反演控制

针对吸气式高超声速飞行器气动\推进\结构弹性耦合运动学模型,提出了一种基于滑模微分器的鲁棒反演控制器设计方法。分别采用反演和动态逆方法设计虚拟控制量和实际控制量。引入滑模微分器来精确估计虚拟控制量的导数,避免了传统反演控制方法"微分项膨胀"问题。基于滑模微分器,设计了一种非线性干扰观测器,可对模型不确定项进行精确估计和补偿,从而增强了控制器的鲁棒性。仿真结果表明,该控制器对模型不确定性和气动弹性影响具有较强的鲁棒性,且能实现对速度指令和高度指令很好的跟踪效果。     

5mm直径翘边孔横向耦合射流轨迹实验

采用粒子图像测速仪（PIV）对5mm直径翘边孔横向耦合射流流场进行了研究,实验结果表明:射流入射角与翘边孔角度有较大的偏差,但是随着翘边孔角度的增加,射流入射角增大;引入翘边孔射流有效直径,由试验数据得到了有效直径的数值。对射流轨迹曲线进行了拟合,考虑了两种主通道气流速度、四种不同角度的翘边孔和三种不同深度的主通道,方程式能较好地反映小尺寸通道翘边孔射流的流动结构,为今后的流场设计提供依据。      

一种基于有限元法和弹性接触理论的齿轮啮合刚度改进算法

提出了一种将有限元法和弹性接触理论相结合的齿轮啮合刚度计算方法.该方法利用子结构法提取齿面原始柔度矩阵并分离出接触点弯曲变形,根据线弹接触变形解析公式计算接触变形,通过求解非线性变形协调方程得到齿轮时变啮合刚度和齿面载荷分布.以一对齿轮副为例,计算的啮合刚度与航空标准计算结果相差在6%以内.该方法发挥了有限元法在预测物体整体变形方面的优势,同时结合弹性接触理论能够准确计算局部接触变形的优点,与常规有限元法相比,能够有效地提升计算效率.由于接触变形问题的非线性,啮合刚度随总啮合力增加呈现非线性增大的趋势.      

一种针对结构损伤的非线性容错飞行控制方法

飞机结构损伤会引起气动参数变化,进而影响系统的静稳定性和控制精度。针对具有多输入的非线性飞机模型,利用带有二阶命令滤波器的自适应反步控制方法在线估计飞机气动参数,补偿结构损伤导致的气动参数变化对控制系统的影响,以实现容错飞行控制功能;引入的命令滤波器可以避免反步控制中复杂的求导运算。从理论上分析证明了带有二阶命令滤波器的自适应反步控制的闭环系统稳定性,并给出了控制跟踪误差的理论上界和二阶命令滤波器频率参数选取的下界。通过一个大型客机垂直尾翼脱落场景的仿真实验,验证了所提容错控制方法的有效性。     

带集中非线性的机翼气动弹性问题研究进展

带集中非线性环节的机翼非线性气动弹性问题是飞行器气动弹性研究领域的热点和难点。经过近几十年来的不断发展,这类机翼非线性气动弹性问题的研究已经取得了长足的进步,同时也面临着新的挑战。鉴于此,综述了近年来带集中非线性环节的机翼非线性气动弹性问题的研究进展,阐述了带集中非线性的机翼气动弹性分析的建模方法、分析方法及非线性气动弹性稳定性和响应行为的规律,并讨论和总结了相关的研究成果,对今后机翼非线性气动弹性问题的分析方法和研究内容提出了展望。     

非旋转钝锥高超声速自由飞非线性角运动轨迹重构与分析

采用多阶段曲线拟合技术,对双平面拍摄风洞自由飞试验获得的高超声速下非旋转钝锥角运动观测值作了拟合,获得了与试验观测值重合度较好的拟合曲线,进而实现了对试验模型非线性角运动轨迹的重构,获得了5次试验的复攻角和总攻角曲线,并进而对非旋转钝锥非线性角运动的特点和规律进行了分析。结果分析表明：模型复攻角曲线可能逆时针方向转动也可能顺时针方向转动,甚至可能改变转动方向;复攻角曲线多呈“椭”圆锥运动,且椭圆运动的长轴在大小和方向上均可能发生变化;总攻角幅值呈振荡变化,但多呈总体上减小的趋势;由于角运动的非线性特性,同样的试验模型在不同的预置攻角情况下其角运动特性也呈现出很大的不同。     

Application of complex nonlinear modes to determine dry whip motion in a rubbing rotor system

Dry whip motion is an instability of rubbing rotor system and may cause catastrophic failures of rotating machinery. Up to now, the related mechanisms of the dry whip is still not well understood. This paper aims to build the relationship between the complex nonlinear modes and the dry whip motion, and propose an effective method to predict the response characteristics and existence boundary of the dry whip through complex nonlinear modes. For the first time, the paper discusses how to use the complex nonlinear modes to predict the dry whip systematically, and as a consequence, the mechanism of the relationship between the complex nonlinear mode and the dry whip is revealed. The results show that the Backward Whirl (BW) mode motion of the rubbing rotor system dominates the response characteristics and the existence boundary of dry whip. The whirl amplitude and whirl frequency of dry whip are equal to the modal amplitude and modal frequency of the BW mode at the jump up point where the modal damping is equal to zero. The existence boundary corresponds to the critical rotation speed where the minimum of the modal damping of the BW mode motion is exactly equal to zero. Moreover, the proposed nonlinear modal method in this article is very effective for the prediction of dry whip of the more complicated practical rotor system, which has been verified by applying the predicted method into a rubbing rotor test rig.     

Investigation of a plasma delivery system for optical figuring process

Plasma figuring process enables the correction of metre-scale optical surfaces, which has advantages such as rapid convergence to ultra-precision accuracy level, no subsurface damage, ease of upscale thanks to the conditions of operation at atmospheric. Such attributes make plasma figuring a highly competitive technology. To maintain a stable discharge of plasma for long period, a robust Plasma Delivery System (PDS) is required for large optics manufacturing. A dedicated PDS, mainly based on an L-type radio frequency (RF) network and an inductively coupled plasma (ICP) torch, had been previously proposed and designed. This study addresses the requirement for improving the robustness and securing the performance of the plasma etching. Due to the complexity of interactions of PDS parameters, single variable optimization is conducted for adjusting the impedance of the plasma torch. The PDS optimization is analysed based on ignition power demand, test repeatability and reflected power values. The results show that reflected power values are controllable within 10 W, when the RF power is supplied from 200 W up to 800 W. Finally, plasma processing is carried out on fused silica glass, using the optimum parameters of the PDS.     

止口螺栓连接结构非线性刚度机理分析及数值仿真

以高速转子的止口螺栓连接结构为研究对象,从结构不同阶段的应力-应变分析和有限元数值仿真两方面研究其拉伸刚度和弯曲刚度的非线性特征及其形成机理,重点讨论了止口对连接结构非线性刚度的影响,获得了关键参数对连接刚度的影响规律,在此之上,定量分析了止口螺栓连接刚度损失对某高压转子振动特性的影响。结果表明:止口螺栓连接结构受拉时具有3种变形状态,拉伸刚度呈现分段非线性特征。弯曲刚度具有“倒S”形非线性变化规律,非线性拉伸刚度和拉压区域面积变化是其产生的内在原因。止口紧度对弯曲刚度影响较为明显,转速则影响较小。止口螺栓连接刚度损失对弯曲型和俯仰型临界转速存在一定影响,而对平动型临界转速影响极小。