基于人工粘性的间断Galerkin有限元方法

发展了一种基于人工粘性的间断Galerkin有限元方法,作出改进以增强适应性,并向非均匀网格推广.选取了典型算例对方法进行验证.一维激波管算例表明,改进的方法在保持计算结果高分辨率的同时,能够更好地抑制非物理振荡.分析得知,当人工粘性方法用于二阶DG格式时,所得计算结果的数值耗散较大,而当格式精度大于二阶时,采用人工粘性方法所得的结果的分辨率较高.通过计算圆柱高超声速粘性绕流,将三阶DG格式与三阶MUSCL格式和五阶WENO格式的结果进行对比,结果表明,该人工粘性方法对于高超声速流动计算也具有一定的优势.     

Photospheric flows in the active regions (asymmetric and localized Doppler velocities)

We observed 10 active regions through their disk passage during June 25–August 25, 1988, with the Tower Vector Magnetograph (TVM) of Marshall Space Flight Center. The TVM was used in scanning mode to measure the photospheric Doppler velocities with the Line-Center-Magnetogram (LCM) technique in the spectral line of FeI 5250.2 Å. In this paper we present the result of a subset of observations obtained while the active regions were situated away from the solar limb. A wide range of magnetic complexity and associated chromospheric activity characterized these active regions. It was found that the value of zero-crossing wavelength of the integrated Stokes-V profile of two opposite magnetic polarities were different, corresponding to Doppler velocities ranging from ∼100 m s⁻¹ to ∼1475 m s⁻¹. The measurements of relative velocities between different locations, connected by magnetic flux tubes as inferred from YOHKOH soft X-ray and TRACE 171 Å Fe IX images, showed widely different values of dominant localized flows. The region of parasite polarity, which showed recurrent chromospheric activity, was blue shifted with respect to the main “magnetic element” of the same polarity. Some of them were also the sites of sheared magnetic field configuration. The magnitude of the relative velocity between the leading and following polarity is more for the active regions of higher “field asymmetry”.     

Evaluation of Turbulence Models in Predicting Hypersonic and Subsonic Base Flows Using Grid Adaptation Techniques

The flows behind the base of a generic rocket, at both hypersonic and subsonic flow conditions, are numerically studied. The main concerns are addressed to the evaluation of turbulence models and the using of grid adaptation techniques. The investiga- tion focuses on two configurations, related to hypersonic and subsonic experiments. The applicability tests of different turbulence models are conducted on the level of two-equation models calculating the steady state solution of the Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes(RANS) equations. All used models, the original Wilcox k-ω, the Menter shear-stress transport (SST) and the explicit algebraic Reynolds stress model(EARSM) formulation, predict an asymmetric base flow in both cases caused by the support of the models. A comparison with preliminary experimental results indicates a preference for the SST and EARSM results over the results from the older k-ω model. Sensitivity studies show no significant influence of the grid topology or the location of the laminar to turbulent transition on the base flow field, but a strong influence of even small angles of attack is reported from the related experiments.     

面向三维激波问题的装配方法

给出了一种基于非结构动网格技术的三维激波装配方法。在该方法中,三维激波面由被标记为激波属性的网格点连接构成,标记为激波属性的网格点称为激波点。激波点具有两组参数分别代表激波的上下游,利用激波点上下游参数求解R-H关系式获得激波点运动速度。非结构动网格技术的使用允许激波大幅度运动,降低了对初始激波位置的要求。通过引入网格属性定义避免了对计算网格进行分区,增加了装配激波的灵活性。通过球柱体绕流问题验证了该三维装配方法的合理性,针对三维激波装配中比较困难的交点装配问题,通过对三维激波反射以及三维激波相交等算例进行研究找到了可用的三维激波交点运动速度的确定方法,保证了激波运动过程中交点运动与流场求解之间的相容性,获得了相应的装配结果。     

叶轮机周期性非定常流高效降阶数值计算方法研究进展

简要介绍了叶轮机内非定常流对叶轮机性能的重要影响,总结了叶轮机内动静相干和叶片振动诱发的非定常流的时空周期性特点,并指出这些时空周期性特点可以加以利用, 发展分析这些非定常流的高效降阶数值计算方法。本文根据不同数值降阶方法的特点对其进行了归类,详细分析了各自的优缺点及在气动弹性力学领域的应用,并进一步展望了降阶数值方法在未来的几个关键技术及发展趋势。     

A hybrid multidimensional Riemann solver to couple self-similar method with MULTV method for complex flows

Since proposed, the self-similarity variables based genuinely multidimensional Riemann solver is attracting more attentions due to its high resolution in multidimensional complex flows. However, it needs numerous logical operations in supersonic cases, which limit the method’s applicability in engineering problems greatly. In order to overcome this defect, a hybrid multidimensional Riemann solver, called HMTHS (Hybrid of MulTv and multidimensional HLL scheme based on Self-similar structures), is proposed. It simulates the strongly interacting zone by adopting the MHLLES (Multidimensional Harten-Lax-van Leer-Eifeldt scheme based on Self-similar structures) scheme at subsonic speeds, which is with a high resolution by considering the second moment in the similarity variables. Also, it adopts the MULTV (Multidimensional Toro and Vasquez) scheme, which is with a high resolution in capturing discontinuities, to simulate the flux at supersonic speeds. Systematic numerical experiments, including both one-dimensional cases and two-dimensional cases, are conducted. One-dimensional moving contact discontinuity case and sod shock tube case suggest that HMTHS can accurately capture one-dimensional expansion waves, shock waves, and linear contact discontinuities. Two-dimensional cases, such as the double Mach reflection case, the supersonic shock / boundary layer interaction case, the hypersonic flow over the cylinder case, and the hypersonic viscous flow over the double-ellipsoid case, indicate that the HMTHS scheme is with a high resolution in simulating multidimensional complex flows. Therefore, it is promising to be widely applied in both scholar and engineering areas.     

地效试验数据的估算研究

基于低速风洞试验的不可压缩势流理论,针对飞机地效试验,提出由无地板下的试验数据通过计算得到任意地板高度下相应数据的方法。将利用此方法得到的计算结果与带地板试验数据对比,论证了该方法的有效性。进一步研究表明,采用已有的带地板试验数据对计算结果进行差量修正,可有效减小该方法的计算误差。     

跨流域三维复杂绕流问题的气体运动论并行计算

通过研究求解描述跨流域三维绕流问题的Boltzmann模型方程气体运动论耦合迭代数值格式,分析气体运动论数值计算方法的内在并行性;从变量依赖关系、数据通信与并行可扩展性三方面开展基于离散速度空间区域分解计算的研究,发展求解稀薄流到连续流跨流域三维复杂绕流问题的并行算法。通过对不同Knudsen数、不同马赫数、不同攻角三维球体及返回舱绕流的并行计算,计算结果与实验数据和理论分析吻合较好。研究表明,该并行算法负载平衡和并行可扩展性较好,对不同并行计算机系统具有很好适应性,显示直接求解分子速度分布函数的气体运动论计算方法有良好的并行计算特性。     

不可压湍流反应流直接模拟和RANS反应模型检验

用谱方法对三维不可压槽道湍流反应流动进行了直接数值模拟,得到了温度和质量分数耦合的瞬态数据库.结果显示温度与质量分数脉动在近壁区都有条带结构.推导了雷诺平均方法中湍流二阶矩反应模型中所求关联量的精确输运方程,发现耗散项是化学反应率系数-质量分数关联量封闭的关键,耗散项需要考虑化学反应影响.基于数据库的统计结果,对关联量模型方程中各项进行了先验研究,发现产生项和耗散项的贡献最大,扩散项和反应项的贡献较小,化学反应对各项大小和分布形状有明显影响.在算例中,直接模拟统计得到的化学反应率系数-质量分数关联和用代数二阶矩模型的模拟值很接近,说明ASOM模型具有一定的合理性.      

复杂背景下单个运动物体的实时视觉追踪算法

介绍了一种完全基于图像信息的运动检测视觉追踪算法.该算法综合了已有的一些算法,并在他们的基础上进行改进,可以实现在摄像机运动不剧烈的情况下,对单个运动物体的追踪.由人工选取目标,计算机开始在第1帧和第2帧图像中提取特征点,并在两帧图像中对特征点进行匹配.利用匹配的特征点建立仿射运动模型,以估计背景的运动和预测目标位置.假设运动目标所占的像素面积很小,在预测点附近的一块小邻域内进行光流分割得到运动目标.该算法在640×480大小的两帧连续图片上验证,取得了较好的效果.在PC上的实验证明,设置适当的参数,本算法可以应用于12.5Hz或25Hz的图像采集频率.