DSMC量子动理学模型在火星再入流动中的应用

为解决化学反应模型高温数据缺乏的难题，探索DSMC方法量子动理学（QK）模型在实际中的应用，本文将该模型进一步应用于火星探测器稀薄气动特性的数值预测。通过计算探路者号在85 km、95 km和110 km高度的稀薄绕流，评估了QK模型的性能和稀薄气体效应的影响规律。结果表明，QK模型不依赖宏观的化学反应速率系数，适用于火星再入流动计算。化学反应及其模型对气动力的影响很小，但对气动热特性的影响不容忽略，考虑化学反应后的驻点热流可以下降约12%~14%。     

基于线性重力差模型的拦截弹中制导技术

针对机载动能拦截弹的中制导段气动力作用可忽略且存在无法实时精确计算重力偏差等特点，提出了一种基于线性重力差模型的预测制导方法。通过线性模型逼近中制导过程中拦截弹与目标之间的重力偏差，以此为依据调整拦截弹的推力矢量并将重力偏差值消除。在此基础上采用延迟点火的策略使得拦截弹的拦截器助推级更好地修正预测模型与实际情况的偏差，经过仿真验证可以将整个中制导段的脱靶量限制在一个较小数值，从而为末制导段提供良好的初始条件。     

高压涡轮导叶非轴对称端壁优化设计

为使高压涡轮导叶非轴对称端壁造型在减少二次流损失、提高气动性能方面更好的发挥作用,以某一级高压涡轮为研究对象,采用端壁参数化造型、三维Navier-Stokes（N-S）方程流场求解和基于人工神经网络的遗传算法相结合的优化方法对涡轮导叶进行非轴对称端壁的优化设计。优化目标为在控制涡轮导叶进口质量流量、出口马赫数及出口气流角的情况下,导叶出口总压损失系数和出口二次流动能最小化。对比分析优化前后端壁对涡轮导叶出口参数和涡轮级性能的影响。结果表明：优化后得到的非轴对称端壁有效地改善了涡轮导叶通道内的流场,抑制了通道内二次流涡系的发展,降低了导叶出口处的流动损失,涡轮导叶出口总压损失系数降低了14．85％,高压涡轮级等熵效率提高了0．456％。     

一种求解Euler方程的简化气体动理学模型

基于一种简化的平衡分布函数,提出一种新的动理学通量矢量分裂（KineticFluxVectorSplitting,KFVS）格式来求解Euler方程。算例证实,新的KFVS格式继承了原始KFVS格式中捕捉激波准确、无数值震荡的优点。与原始的KFVS格式相比,由于简化的平衡分布函数与Maxwellian平衡分布函数相比复杂程度大大降低,计算中不需要再计算误差函数,新的KFVS格式的计算效率得到了很大提高。在同样的计算精度下,新KFVS格式比原始KFVS格式计算效率提高了一倍以上,显示了新格式具有良好的数值模拟性能。     

A study on turbulence transportation and modification of Spalart–Allmaras model for shock-wave/turbulent boundary layer interaction flow

It is of great significance to improve the accuracy of turbulence models in shock-wave/ boundary layer interaction flow. The relationship between the pressure gradient, as well as the shear layer, and the development of turbulent kinetic energy in impinging shock-wave/turbulent boundary layer interaction flow at Mach 2.25 is analyzed based on the data of direct numerical simulation(DNS). It is found that the turbulent kinetic energy is amplified by strong shear in the separation zone and the adverse pressure gradient near the separation point. The pressure gradient was non-dimensionalised with local density, velocity, and viscosity. Spalart–Allmaras(S–A) model is modified by introducing the non-dimensional pressure gradient into the production term of the eddy viscosity transportation equation. Simulation results show that the production and dissipation of eddy viscosity are strongly enhanced by the modification of S–A model. Compared with DNS and experimental data, the wall pressure and the wall skin friction coefficient as well as the velocity profile of the modified S–A model are obviously improved. Thus it can be concluded that the modification of S–A model with the pressure gradient can improve the predictive accuracy for simulating the shock-wave/turbulent boundary layer interaction.     

飞机在模拟混合破片威力场打击下的易损性计算

混合破片战斗部杀伤元运动机理复杂,计算飞机在其打击下的易损性较为困难。利用ANSYS/LSDYNA建立混合破片战斗部威力场模型,通过后处理软件LSPREPOST筛选出威力场稳定时刻破片的速度及飞散角大小等信息,得到模拟的混合破片战斗部飞散特性数据。建立某型飞机易损性计算模型,在四种不同破片战斗部威力场下,同时考虑冲击波超压毁伤、穿透毁伤、引燃毁伤和引爆毁伤四种杀伤模式,通过编写程序计算飞机的杀伤概率。计算结果表明:在战斗部尺寸相同时,混合破片双层战斗部对飞机的杀伤概率最高,为导弹战斗部设计提供一定的理论支持。     

H2O污染对超燃冲压发动机燃烧室性能影响的三维数值模拟

为了解来流污染对超燃冲压发动机性能的影响,需要大量的实验和CFD模拟。基于纯净空气和污染空气(H2O)来流下燃烧对比实验,采用较为详细的化学反应动力学模型(13组分33方程),对三个试验条件的燃烧室反应流场进行了三维大规模并行CFD模拟。模拟结果与对比试验测得的壁面压强比较接近,能"分辨"试验气体中H2O的污染影响。模拟结果显示,从燃烧室整体性能看,7.4%H2O和18.3%H2O污染导致燃烧室单位流量的空气对应推力分别下降4.1%和10.7%,而燃烧室燃烧效率分别下降5.5%和9.5%。     

惯性平台误差标定仿真数据源建模研究

为满足平台导航方式自标定算法对仿真数据源的需求,归纳总结了标定算法对仿真数据源的要求,提出了用于产生标定仿真数据的平台运动学模型.该模型在反映误差作用的同时回避了平台复杂控制系统和动力学特性,采用运动学微分方程描述台体在指令角速度激励下相对惯性空间的运动,通过代数方程描述加速度计的输出和框架角输出.在典型轨迹下,对仿真...     

空空导弹单发杀伤概率仿真计算软件

分析了计算导弹单发杀伤概率的必要性,介绍了所编软件中六自由度弹道模型、引战配合模型及杀伤概率模型的建立情况,给出了详细的程序流程图,并通过实例验证了其结果。为正确分析机载导弹武器系统作战效能奠定了基础。     

Solar Wind Models from the Sun to 1 AU: Constraints by in Situ and Remote Sensing Measurements

There are three major types of solar wind: The steady fast wind originating on open magnetic field lines in coronal holes, the unsteady slow wind coming probably from the temporarily open streamer belt and the transient wind in the form of large coronal mass ejections. The majority of the models is concerned with the fast wind, which is, at least during solar minimum, the normal mode of the wind and most easily modeled by multi-fluid equations involving waves. The in-situ constraints imposed on the models, mainly by the Helios (in ecliptic) and Ulysses (high-latitude) interplanetary measurements, are extensively discussed with respect to fluid and kinetic properties of the wind. The recent SOHO observations have brought a wealth of new information about the boundary conditions for the wind in the inner solar corona and about the plasma conditions prevailing in the transition region and chromospheric sources of the wind plasma. These results are presented, and then some key questions and scientific issues are identified. This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.