永磁同步电机滑模调速系统新型趋近律控制

基于传统指数趋近律的滑模控制(SMC)系统在永磁同步电机(PMSM)调速系统中应用广泛。但是该算法在SMC系统做趋近运动时,存在明显抖振,控制精度无法应对复杂情况。为了抑制系统抖振,提高PMSM调速系统的动态和稳态性能,在传统指数趋近律的基础上引入加权积分型增益,提出了一种新型趋近律。加权积分型增益的引入使系统在滑动模态阶段滑模面函数和积分结果可以同步趋近于零,从而有效抑制系统抖振。依照所提出的新型趋近律,设计了速度控制器,并应用到PMSM矢量控制系统中。分别利用软件仿真和硬件试验与传统指数趋近律控制进行了比较,验证了所提控制策略的可行性和有效性。     

Investigation on the interface damage in drilling low-stiffness CFRP/Ti stacks

Carbon fiber reinforced plastic and titanium alloy (CFRP/Ti) stacks have been widely used as aerospace structures because of their excellent combination of physical properties. Interface damage caused by interface gaps, significantly different from that of metal/metal stacks, is a common problem in the through-hole drilling of CFRP/Ti stacks with low stiffness. In this study, a force–deformation coupling model was developed to further examine the formation mechanism and the control method of interface damage. Firstly, the coupling model was built considering the interaction between the thrust force and the deformation. To solve this model, a numerical method was proposed in which specific cutting coefficients were calibrated using only the thrust force of rigid stacks. Secondly, drilling experiments were performed with different feed rates and bending stiffness. Experimental results indicate that interface damage mainly includes interlayer chips and surface damage of CFRP layers. The surface damage, which is irreparable, is caused by the rotary extension of metal chips along the interlayer gap. Thirdly, variations of the interface gap were calculated with the coupling model that had been verified by measured thrust forces. The damage area was found to have a linear dependence relation with the interlayer gap. However, in conditions of large gap sizes, the interface damage areas increased with the interlayer gap at high feed rates, while decreasing slightly at low feed rates. This phenomenon was satisfactorily explained by the presented model. Finally, a method was proposed to determine the appropriate pressure exceeding which no interlayer damage will occur. Additional drilling experiments proved the method effective. This study leads to further understanding of the forming mechanism of interlayer damage and of selecting appropriate parameters in drilling low-stiffness composite/metal stacks.     

定期更换的机械产品寿命费用分析

针对定期更换的机械产品寿命周期费用问题，提出了罚函数的方法，有么表征由于产品没有工作到预期的寿命而引起的附加费用。采用两种基本形式的罚函数进行了详细的数学推导与论证，并用数值积分优化定其更换周期，使单位时间的费用达到最小值。     

欧美航空自由化进程与中国民航应对策略

研究了美国和欧盟航空自由化进程和放松管制的特点，结合中国民航的发展现状和经济形势，论述了中国民航国内航空运输自由化的趋向，提出了有关的工作原则和方法。     

格林公式在有有限多个孤立奇点区域上的运用

本文着重研究在具有有限多个孤立奇点的区域D上,如何运用格林公式,简化较为复杂的第二类曲线积分的计算问题。同时提出其理论根据,并给予严格的论证。     

模糊控制器中的智能积分

分析了传统模糊控制稳态精度差的缺陷，引入了智能积分以减少稳态误差和避免积分饱和，采用△ｕ＝ｆ（ｅ，ｅｃ）＋Ｅｄｔ（当Ｅ·ｃ＞０或ｃ＝０而Ｅ≠０）及△ｕ＝ｆ（ｅ，ｅｃ）（当Ｅ·ｃ＜０或Ｅ＝０）（其中ｅ为系统误差，ｃ为系统误差变化，ｆ（ｅ，ｅｃ）为模糊控制器输邮，ＫＫＥｄｔ为智能积分输出，△ｕ。为模糊控制器总输出）。然后设计了一个自组织模糊逻辑控制器以实现快速响应和小的超调，在金属镁还原炉上运行后获得较理想的效果。     

切向结构永磁同步电机辅助磁极的优化

为了减少切向结构永磁同步电机转轴侧永磁体的漏磁，提高气隙磁密，在切向结构永磁同步电机中合理引入辅助永磁体。辅助永磁体相对于切向永磁体的位置有3种．其中以模型b，c较为合理，永磁材料用量适中，对气隙磁通的贡献大。随着辅助磁极永磁体厚度的增加，气隙磁密增加，当永磁体厚度增加到一定值时气隙磁密开始减小（模型b）或几乎恒定（模型c），即辅助永磁体存在一个合理的厚度，该厚度与电机的极对数有关。     

不可压缩Navier－Stokes方程的基本解法

利用不同阶次的Ｈｅｌｍｈｏｔｚ算子方程的基本解，建立了时间离散不可压缩Ｎａｖｉｅｒ－Ｓｔｏｋｅｓ方程的完全边界积分表示式。对俯仰谐振的ＮＡＣＡ００１２翼型所计算得的升力和阻力的滞后现象，与实验结果相一致     

来流参数对防热瓦横缝旋涡结构及热环境的影响

针对高超声速飞行器表面缝隙内部流动,通过求解可压缩Navier-Stokes方程,自主研发了一套能够较好模拟缝隙流动特性的计算流体力学(CFD)软件。利用该软件研究了来流参数对防热瓦横缝旋涡结构及热环境的影响。计算结果表明:随着来流雷诺数的增加,缝内旋涡结构呈现主涡个数增多形态趋于饱满的变化趋势,缝隙壁面绝对热流和无量纲热流增加;随着来流马赫数的增加,缝内主涡个数、形态基本不变,但主涡旋转速度增加,缝隙壁面绝对热流增加,无量纲热流基本不变;随着来流迎角的增加(迎角较小时),缝内旋涡结构和热流变化规律基本与增加来流雷诺数相同。由此分析可知,涡量向下传递并形成旋涡的距离,即形成所谓"死水区"的深度,主要由来流雷诺数和来流迎角决定。     

珠三角机场群协同发展定位分析

目前我国各区域机场群内各机场功能定位趋同化严重,严重的同向定位导致各机场之间恶性竞争。尤其是地理位置相距较近的机场,旅客有多种选择。各个机场开辟相似的航线结构,都趋于构建大中型航空枢纽。以珠三角机场群为例,从旅客运力的角度构建趋同模型,提出趋同系数评价方法,对各机场进行区分定位。实行梯度定位,使该机场群内各机场之间协同发展,避免不必要的航线网络竞争,同时能够减轻空中交通管理的巨大压力,进一步促进航空运输的良性发展。