面内弯曲载荷作用下两边简支两边固支复合材料层合板的屈曲

为扩充航空复合材料结构稳定性设计手段,基于Levy形式级数和有限差分法,提出了面内纯弯曲载荷作用下两边简支两边固支（SSCC）复合材料层合板临界屈曲载荷的数值解法。首先,应用有限差分法将挠度函数进行离散化处理;然后利用边界条件扩充方程组,最后将临界屈曲载荷的求解转化为广义特征值问题。通过数值算例分别在各向同性板和复合材料层合板上验证了本文方法,并与有限元方法（FEM）进行了比较。结果表明,本文方法具有很高的精度,为复合材料层合板的屈曲分析开辟了新的途径。     

一种超宽频共形天线结构的力学性能测试

共形天线结构是一种将机载天线集成到飞机复合材料结构中的集承载、维形、隐身及通信功能于一体的多功能结构。本文采用对数螺旋天线作为内植传感器件,设计并制造了一种超宽频共形天线结构,通过面内压缩试验和三点弯曲试验对该型共形天线结构的力学性能进行了考核测试。试验结果表明,超宽频共形天线结构具有更优的力学性能。相对于未植入天线的复合材料夹层结构,超宽频共形天线结构的面内压缩刚度提高了112%,面内压缩强度提高了95%,结构压缩破坏模式由单纯的面芯分离变成了多个胶接界面分离和芯体剪切破坏的复合破坏模式,且强度分散性变大;超宽频共形天线结构面外弯曲刚度提高了26%,面外弯曲强度提高了17%,弯曲破坏模式由上蒙皮与芯体间的大面积面芯分离变成了压头下部局部蒙皮折断和芯体塌陷。     

纤维棒直径对轴编C/C复合材料拉伸强度的影响

为了研究增强相尺度对轴编C/C复合材料拉伸性能的影响,通过对具有不同直径纤维棒的材料微结构的观测,结合材料的细观和宏观力学性能实验,研究了纤维棒直径引起的材料拉伸性能变化。结果表明:在编织参数不变的情况下,纤维棒直径增加,棒内大尺度裂纹增多,降低了材料的拉伸强度,但模量变化不明显。     

Improved interpretation of solar wind ion measurements via high-resolution magnetic field data

The Wind   spacecraft’s Faraday cups (FC) continue to produce high-quality, in situ observations of thermal protons (i.e., ionized hydrogen) and α$\alpha$-particles (i.e., fully ionized helium) in the solar wind. By fitting a Wind/FC ion spectrum with a model velocity distribution function (VDF) for each particle species, values for density, bulk velocity, and temperature can be inferred. Incorporating measurements of the background magnetic field from the Wind Magnetic Field Investigation (MFI) allows perpendicular and parallel temperature components to be separated. Prior implementations of this analysis averaged the higher-cadence Wind/MFI measurements to match that of the Wind/FC ion spectra. However, this article summarizes recent and extensive revisions to the analysis software that, among other things, eliminate such averaging and thereby account for variations in the direction of the magnetic field over the time taken to measure the ions. A statistical comparison reveals that the old version consistently underestimates the temperature anisotropy of ion VDF’s: averaging over fluctuations in the magnetic field essentially blurs the perpendicular and parallel temperature components, which makes the plasma seem artificially more isotropic. The new version not only provides a more accurate dataset of ion parameters (which is well suited to the study of microkinetic phenomena), it also demonstrates a novel technique for jointly processing particle and field data. Such methods are crucial to heliophysics as wave-particle interactions are increasingly seen as playing an important role in the dynamics of the solar wind and similar space plasmas.     

一种新的柔性蜂窝结构及其在变体飞机中的应用

变体色机要求机翼结构可以光滑连续地变形.机翼的蒙皮要有足够大的面内伸缩变形能力,同时还要有足够的面外承载能力.本文针对后缘变弯度机翼,设计出一种新的柔性蜂窝结构.研究了该柔性蜂窝的面内变形能力和形状参数的关系.仿真分析和试验验证表明,该柔性蜂窝结构具有足够的面内变形能力,变形后仍保持良好的面外承载能力,满足后缘变弯度机...     

2524铝合金薄板平面各向异性研究

采用室温拉伸性能测试、金相组织观察、XRD反极图测定和透射电子显微分析等方法研究了冷轧态和T3态2mm厚2524铝合金薄板不同取向条件下的显微组织和拉伸力学性能.以{110}<112>单组分织构模型为基础,研究了织构与平面各向异性的关系.结果表明,2524冷轧态和T3态铝合金薄板在与轧制方向成45°和60°方向上的强度较0°、30°和90°方向上的强度低,延伸率则是45°方向上最高;轧向力学性能优于横向力学性能;冷轧态合金薄板的平面各向异性高于T3态合金板材;2524冷轧态合金薄板的主要织构为{110}<112>,次要织构为{311}<112>;2524-T3态铝合金成品薄板的主要织构为{110}<001>;2524铝合金薄板的平面各向异性与合金的晶粒结构以及晶体学织构密切有关,其中晶体学织构是造成合金板材平面各向异性的主要原因.     

不同温度下树脂基复合材料层合板力学性能试验

通过试验的方法研究了双马来酰亚胺树脂浇注体及碳纤维增强树脂基复合材料单向层合板在不同温度下的静态力学性能,并讨论了温度对材料力学行为的影响,最后对材料断口形貌进行了分析.试验结果表明:纯树脂浇注体拉伸、压缩性能受温度影响比较明显,且拉、压性能不同.对于拉伸性能,相对室温均值(20℃),160℃环境下模量均值及强度均值降幅分别为31.73%,44.71%,200℃时又分别下降了21.15%,20.37%;对于压缩性能,相对室温均值,160℃下模量及强度均值分别下降了26.67%,44.40%,而200℃时继续下降了6.66%,12.40%.层合板的纵向拉伸性能受温度影响较小,在200℃内,纵向模量与强度最大变幅分别为2.82%和2.53%,且材料断口从室温下的"毛刷"状变为了沿轴向劈断.材料的横向及面内剪切性能受温度影响较大,且应力-应变曲线存在明显非线性,但横向试件断口平整、面内剪切试件无明显紧缩现象,即均表现为脆性断裂特征.另外,相对室温均值,在160℃时,横向及面内切变模量分别下降约32.96%,41.25%,强度分别下降约15.83%,30.96%;在200℃时,横向及面内剪切性能继续下降,模量降幅为16.83%,22.52%,强度降幅12.24%,11.01%.      

Study of the 27-day variations of the galactic cosmic ray intensity and anisotropy

We demonstrate that the general features of the radial and azimuthal components of the anisotropy of galactic cosmic rays can be studied by the harmonic analysis method using data from an individual neutron monitor with cut off rigidity <5 GV. In particular, we study the characteristics of the 27-day (solar rotation period) variations of the galactic cosmic ray intensity and anisotropy, solar wind velocity, interplanetary magnetic field strength and sunspot number. The amplitudes of the 27-day variations of the galactic cosmic ray anisotropy are greater, and the phases more clearly established, in A > 0 polarity periods than in A < 0 polarity periods at times of minimum solar activity. The phases of the 27-day variations of the galactic cosmic rays intensity and anisotropy are opposite with respect to the similar changes of the solar wind velocity in A > 0 polarity periods. No significant dependence of the amplitude of the 27-day variation of the galactic cosmic ray anisotropy on the tilt angle of the heliospheric neutral sheet is found. Daily epicyclegrams obtained by Chree’s method show that the 27-day variations of the galactic cosmic ray anisotropy during A > 0 polarity periods follow elliptical paths with the major axes oriented approximately along the interplanetary magnetic field. The paths are more irregular during A < 0 polarity periods.     

金属间化合物Ho_2Co_(17-x)Si_x的磁性能机制研究

研究了非磁性原子Si替代Co对Ho2 Co17金属间化合物结构和磁性的影响。X射线衍射表明 ,所有Ho2 Co17 xSix(x =0 .5 ,1.0 ,1.5 ,2 .0 ,2 .5 ,3.0 )化合物都为Th2 Ni17型六角结构 ;化合物的晶格常数和单胞体积都随Si含量的增加而呈线性下降。磁性测量表明 ,Ho2 Co17 xSix 化合物的居里温度和饱和磁化强度均随Si含量的增加而呈线性下降。从热磁曲线测量观察到 ,当 0 .5≤x≤ 3.0时Ho2 Co17 xSix 化合物出现由易面到易轴的自旋重取向 ,自旋重取向温度Tsr随Si原子含量的增加先下降 ,而后又上升 ,在x =2 .5处出现最低点。     

CME-geometry and cosmic-ray anisotropy observed by a prototype muon detector network

We analyze the cosmic-ray anisotropy observed by a prototype network of muon detectors during geomagnetic storms associated with coronal mass ejections (CMEs). The network currently consists of multidirectional surface muon detectors at Nagoya (Japan) and Hobart (Australia), together with a prototype detector at São Martinho (Brazil) which has been in operation since March, 2001. In this report, we analyze the anisotropy recorded in both the muon detector and neutron monitor (the Spaceship Earth) networks and find significant enhancements of cosmic-ray anisotropy during geomagnetic storms. Following the analysis by Bieber and Evenson [Bieber, J.W., Evenson, P. CME geometry in relation to cosmic ray anisotropy. Geophys. Res. Lett. 25 (1998) 2955–2958] for the neutron monitor data at 10 GeV, we also derive cosmic-ray density gradients from muon data at higher-energy (50 GeV), possibly reflecting the larger-scale geometry of CMEs causing geomagnetic storms. We particularly find in some events the anisotropy enhancement clearly starting prior to the storm onset in both the muon and neutron data. This is the first result of the CME-geometry derived from simultaneous observations of the anisotropy with networks of multidirectional muon detectors and neutron monitors.