Simulating planetary wave propagation to the upper atmosphere during stratospheric warming events at different mountain wave scenarios

Parameterization schemes of atmospheric normal modes (NMs) and orographic gravity waves (OGWs) have been implemented into the mechanistic Middle and Upper Atmosphere Model (MUAM) simulating atmospheric general circulation. Based on the 12-members ensemble of runs with the MUAM, a composite of the stratospheric warming (SW) has been constructed using the UK Met Office data as the lower boundary conditions. The simulation results show that OGW amplitudes increase at altitudes above 30 km in the Northern Hemisphere after the SW event. At altitudes of about 50 km, OGWs have largest amplitudes over North American and European mountain systems before and during the composite SW, and over Himalayas after the SW. Simulations demonstrate substantial (up to 50–70%) variations of amplitudes of stationary planetary waves (PWs) during and after the SW in the mesosphere-lower thermosphere of the Northern Hemisphere. Westward travelling NMs have amplitude maxima not only in the Northern, but also in the Southern Hemisphere, where these modes have waveguides in the middle and upper atmosphere. Simulated variations of PW and NM amplitudes correspond to changes in the mean zonal wind, EP-fluxes and wave refractive index at different phases of the composite SW events. Inclusion of the parameterization of OGW effects leads to decreases in amplitudes (up to 15%) of almost all SPWs before and after the SW event and their increase (up to 40–60%) after the SW in the stratosphere and mesosphere at middle and high northern latitudes. It is suggested that observed changes in NM amplitudes in the Southern Hemisphere during SW could be caused by divergence of increased southward EP-flux. This EP-flux increases due to OGW drag before SW and extends into the Southern Hemisphere.     

Analysis of the data processing strategies of spherical harmonic expansion model on global ionosphere mapping for moderate solar activity

Spherical harmonic (SH) expansion is widely used to model the global ionosphere map (GIM) of vertical total electron content (VTEC). According to the impact of different data processing methods of the SH expansion model on the VTEC maps, we specifically performed comprehensive analysis in terms of the data sampling rate, the time resolution, the spherical harmonic degree, and the relative constraint. One month of GPS data (January in 2016) from the International GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) Service (IGS) network in a moderate ionospheric activity period at the descending phase of Solar Cycle 24 was processed. To improve the computational efficiency of the daily GIM generation, the data sampling rate of 5?min was recommended allowing the GIM precision loss within 0.10 TECU (total electron content unit). The global VTEC map could be better represented in temporal and spatial domains with higher time resolution and higher spherical harmonic degree, especially at low latitude bands and in the southern hemisphere. The GIM precision improvement was about 10.91% for 1-h and about 15.15% for 0.5-h compared with the commonly used 2-h time resolution. The use of spherical harmonic degree 17 or 20 instead of 15 could improve the precision by 3.19% or 6.06%. We also found that an optimal relative constraint had to be found experimentally considering both the GIM precision and the GIM root mean square (RMS) map.     

失效概率矩独立全局灵敏度分析的高效算法

失效概率矩独立全局灵敏度分析对指导可靠性优化至关重要，本文从乘法降维及Edgeworth级数展开的角度提出一种失效概率矩独立全局灵敏度指标分析的高效算法。所提算法通过Edgeworth级数展开将失效概率矩独立全局灵敏度指标的求解转化为输出无条件及条件前四阶整数矩的求解。对于输出的无条件及条件四阶矩的计算，基于乘法降维的思想，本文推导了重复利用计算输出的无条件矩的输入输出样本来计算条件矩以及外层关于输入变量一维积分的计算公式，使得仅需重复利用输出无条件前四阶矩求解产生的积分网格内的数据即可同时求得输出的前四阶条件矩以及外层关于输入变量的一维积分。所提算法大大提高了失效概率矩独立全局灵敏度的分析效率。航空发动机涡轮盘以及汽车前轴的分析结果验证了所提算法的高效性及准确性。     

GRECO与行波求解低散射目标后向RCS

GRECO(Graphical Electromagnetic Computing)技术是目前分析高频区复杂目标雷达散射截面(RCS)最有效方法之一.对低散射截面目标而言,行波效应往往贡献显著,在行波效应较强的某些区域,行波值甚至超过面元与棱边贡献,本文通过GRECO与行波混合法求解低散射目标后向RCS.利用低散射支架为实例,给出与实验结果符合良好的RCS曲线,具有工程实用价值.      

RCS分析中多次反射的计算及程序实现技术

介绍目标RCS分析计算中多次散射的计算方法,计算多次散射时主要考虑面元-面元之间的相互作用,计算过程采用几何光学法(GO)、物理光学法(PO),在总后向RCS计算中还运用了等效电磁流法.同时,文中讨论计算多次散射的程序实现技术.最后,给出计算例子,考虑多次散射时总的后向RCS计算结果与前人发表的实验结果相吻合.      

一种有效的消波装置

对无限长渠道中小振幅入射波通过两块间距为ｌ,透水性能不同的多孔透水板的反射和透射进行了研究。应用分离变量法得到了反射波和透射波的波形。结果表明,当ｌ为入射波半波长的倍数时,反射波和透射波振幅最大,消波效果差,最佳消波率为５０％。当ｌ为入射波１／４波长加半波长的倍数时,反射波和透射波振幅最小,消波效果好,最佳消波率大于５０％。此外,还得到了无反射波的条件。     

发射药颗粒床中对流燃烧的实验研究

设计了耐压值为1000MPa的半密闭爆发器, 研究了单基发射药颗粒床中的点、传火过程和压力波动现象, 考察了实验参数(推进剂特性、空隙率、剪切片厚度等)对多孔床中对流燃烧特性的影响。实验观察到一维压力波的传播与反射;火焰传播过程中药床存在动态压缩现象, 这是形成压力波的主要因素;在低的装填密度下, 药床中未形成一维燃烧波。      

大气准两年振荡对赤道行星波上传的影响

本文讨论了热带大气行星波在QBO风场中向上传播的规律,并运用数值模拟的方法,得到了开尔文波和混合罗斯贝重力波在QBO不同相位下交替上传的结果。试图用QBO对行星波的调制解释QBO在日地相关性中的作用.      

用粘性涡方法计算伞状物绕流

文章用粘性涡方法计算了二维伞状物绕流问题。首先阐述了涡方法的基本理论 ,包括涡元的对流、粘性扩散、物面涡元的脱落、物体所受气动力计算等 ,然后介绍了使用涡方法的一般步骤。最后将完全充满的伞衣简化为二维圆弧壳 ,计算了伞衣内外压力分布、阻力系数及升力系数     

基于数值模拟的孔构件挤压强化疲劳寿命预测

为研究飞机机身7050铝合金孔构件挤压强化后的疲劳增益,采用数值模拟与试验研究相结合的方法,对孔构件的挤压强化过程、疲劳加载过程、疲劳裂纹萌生和裂纹扩展过程进行研究。通过数值模拟探究了孔构件在不同状态下危险截面的应力分布和对应的疲劳行为,分析了残余应力场对疲劳性能的影响,探讨了残余应力与疲劳裂纹萌生和裂纹扩展的内在联系,建立了孔构件挤压强化疲劳寿命数值预测模型。结果表明：孔挤压强化引入的残余压应力可以减小孔构件在受载时孔壁最大拉应力,改变疲劳裂纹的萌生位置,抑制疲劳裂纹萌生和裂纹扩展,提高7050铝合金孔构件疲劳寿命近2倍,疲劳寿命数值预测模型误差在12%以内。