An extended chirp scaling algorithm for spaceborne sliding spotlight synthetic aperture radar imaging

A system impulse response with low sidelobes is critical in synthetic aperture radar（SAR） images because sidelobes contribute to noise and interfere with nearby scatterers. However,the conventional tricks of sidelobe suppression are unable to be exactly applied to the case of spaceborne sliding spotlight SAR due to great azimuth shifts in both time and frequency domains. In this paper, an extended chirp scaling algorithm is presented for spaceborne sliding spotlight SAR data imaging. The proposed algorithm firstly uses the spectral analysis（SPECAN） technique to avoid the azimuth spectrum folding effect and then employs the chirp scaling（CS） algorithm to achieve data focusing, i.e., the so-called two-step approach. To suppress the sidelobe level, an efficient strategy for the azimuth spectral weighting which only involves matrix multiplications and short fast Fourier transformations（FFTs） is proposed, which is a post-process executed on the focused SAR image and particularly simple to be implemented. The SAR image processed by the proposed extended CS algorithm is very precise and perfectly phase-preserving. In the end, computer simulation results verify the analysis and confirm the validity of the proposed algorithm.     

DOA estimation and mutual coupling calibration with the SAGE algorithm

In this paper, a novel algorithm is presented for direction of arrival（DOA） estimation and array self-calibration in the presence of unknown mutual coupling. In order to highlight the relationship between the array output and mutual coupling coefficients, we present a novel model of the array output with the unknown mutual coupling coefficients. Based on this model, we use the space alternating generalized expectation-maximization（SAGE） algorithm to jointly estimate the DOA parameters and the mutual coupling coefficients. Unlike many existing counterparts, our method requires neither calibration sources nor initial calibration information. At the same time,our proposed method inherits the characteristics of good convergence and high estimation precision of the SAGE algorithm. By numerical experiments we demonstrate that our proposed method outperforms the existing method for DOA estimation and mutual coupling calibration.     

Grinding performance evaluation of porous composite-bonded CBN wheels for Inconel 718

For high-efficiency grinding of difficult-to-cut materials such as titanium and nickel alloys, a high porosity is expected and also a sufficient mechanical strength to satisfy the function.However, the porosity increase is a disadvantage to the mechanical strength. As a promising pore forming agent, alumina bubbles are firstly induced into the abrasive layer to fabricate porous cubic boron nitride（CBN） wheels. When the wheel porosity reaches 45%, the bending strength is still high up to 50 MPa with modified orderly pore distribution. A porous CBN wheel was fabricated with a total porosity around 30%. The grinding performance of the porous composite-bonded CBN wheel was evaluated in terms of specific force, specific grinding energy, and grinding temperature, which were better than those of the vitrified one under the same grinding conditions. Compared to the vitrified CBN wheel, clear straight cutting grooves and less chip adhesion are observed on the ground surface and there is also no extensive loading on the wheel surface after grinding.     

基于人工蜂群算法与NURBS的吸附式叶型优化设计

为提高轴流压气机吸附式叶型优化设计的质量,设计了一套基于人工蜂群(ABC)算法和非均匀有理B样条(NURBS)的自动优化设计系统.对人工蜂群算法的运行机制进行了深入分析,并与目前广泛使用的遗传算法(GA)进行了对比.对比发现人工蜂群算法可以更好地逼近全局最优值且收敛效率提高50%.使用NURBS对叶型进行参数化,并研究了参数化过程中的畸变问题.将抽吸参数与叶栅参数同时作为优化变量,使用该系统对一吸附式叶栅进行了优化.结果显示:抽吸槽设置在58.44%轴向弦长位置处流动损失下降明显,与优化前未抽吸叶型相比流动损失降低64.8%,气流分离得到有效抑制.     

基于EFFD方法的自然层流短舱优化设计

采用extended free-form deformation(EFFD)方法研究了自然层流(natural laminar flow,NLF)短舱的气动外形优化设计方法.使用基于Bernstein基函数的EFFD方法完成了NLF短舱剖面的参数化,利用基于k-εSST(shear stress transport)两方程湍流模型的γ-θ转捩模型进行自然转捩预测,结合EFFD、一种混合动网格方法、Kriging代理模型和改进的粒子群算法(particle swarm optimization,PSO)建立了针对NLF短舱气动外形的优化设计框架.采用该框架分别对通气NLF短舱和带动力NLF短舱进行优化设计.单独通气NLF短舱优化结果的外表面实现48%的层流,阻力系数比初始通气NLF短舱减小了0.0003.带动力NLF短舱的优化结果外表面保持了41%的层流.这些结果表明采用相关技术建立的优化设计框架在NLF短舱设计中具有一定应用价值.     

基于谱插值和奇异值差分谱的滚动轴承静电监测信号去噪方法

采用静电传感器进行滚动轴承故障监测实验研究.针对滚动轴承静电监测中各种强噪声、故障特征难以提取的问题,提出了基于谱插值和奇异值差分谱的联合去噪方法.首先采用谱插值抑制工频干扰,然后将所得信号构造Hankel矩阵,求取奇异值差分谱并自动确定有用分量个数,最后重构信号.仿真和实验结果表明:仅采用奇异值差分谱或者小波去噪方法,无法从含有强工频干扰的信号中提取有用成分;所提出的方法相比较谱插值和小波去噪方法能够凸显早期故障特征频率.     

钝体改进结构对先进旋涡燃烧室燃烧流动特性影响

为探究先进旋涡燃烧室凹腔稳焰机制,提出了一种后钝体结构改进方案,并对改进后的燃烧室燃烧特性进行了预混和非预混燃烧数值模拟.结果表明:预混燃烧条件下,当量比为0.6和1.0时,钝体改进结构可有效增强凹腔内旋涡流动强度,增加凹腔内温度,同时使温度分布更加均匀.另外,凹腔内温度随预混进气速度增加而增加,且当速度增大到一定值时,温度变化不明显;非预混燃烧条件下,钝体改进结构可改善凹腔内旋涡流动及温度分布,在贫油燃烧状态时,凹腔内仍可维持较高的温度;钝体改进使燃烧室质量更小,具有一定的工程参考意义.     

表面介质阻挡放电等离子体体积力实验

采用粒子图像测速(PIV)技术,在2200,4800,7300,14600Pa空气压力条件下,测量了高频高压表面介质阻挡放电(surface dielectric barrier discharge,SDBD)等离子体诱导流场.根据速度场和N-S方程求解了等离子体体积力分布,分析了空气压力和激励器电压对等离子体体积力影响.实验结果表明:相同空气压力时,激励器电压越高体积力越大.相同激励器电压时,体积力随空气压力升高减小.在体积力分布区域,体积力方向一致,较大体积力区域分布于体积力方向线上游,流场高速流动区域紧挨较大体积力分布区域,位于体积力方向线下游.     

定向破坏复合材料层合壳体结构铺层的分析与设计

以复合材料层合板为基本材料设计了一种结构新颖的定向破坏复合材料层合壳体结构,在导弹与

该壳体结构的初始接触区域预制缺陷区,导弹发射时以四瓣形式开裂,大幅度提高了导弹的发射效率。利用ANSYS

有限元模拟分析软件,通过强度分析确定了最佳铺层设计方案,单层板厚度为0.2 mm,采用基体本身加强预

置缺陷区的[0°/90°/ ±45°]2S 铺层方式。该种铺层方式的爆破载荷为0.21 MPa,最小顶破载荷为1 kN,完全能够

满足其在工作环境下既能承受一定的压力不漏气又能在较小的顶破载荷下自行破裂的设计要求。

     

气孔缺陷对TA15 钛合金氩弧焊接头疲劳性能的影响

对TA15钛合金氩弧焊接接头的组织和疲劳断裂特征进行了分析,对气孔缺陷和疲劳寿命的关系进行了定量表征.结果表明:疲劳裂纹起源于焊缝的亚表面或者内部气孔缺陷,当气孔尺寸较小时,断口会出现“鱼眼”形貌特征;应力水平较低时,气孔尺寸对疲劳寿命的影响尤为显著,在特定的应力水平下,可以通过构件中的气孔缺陷尺寸来预测其寿命,对于焊接结构疲劳寿命的预测和构件焊接质量的评定具有重要的工程意义.