一般硬化材料弹塑性旋转盘的变分解法

首先在小弹塑性范围内用应变的奇次四项式相当精确地拟合一般硬化材料的拉伸曲线;再在体积不变条件下用弹性位移场的已知模态和一待定幅值构成弹塑性位移场;最后用势能原理确定该幅值而得到封闭解。     

基于一种新的均匀化实施方法的FRP刚度预测

基于一种新的渐近均匀化(AH)实施方法,预测并讨论了单向纤维增强复合材料(FRP)的宏观等效弹性性能及纤维排列方式对等效力学性能的影响。该方法方便地将有限元分析(FEA)软件作为一个工具箱使用,只需在单胞上施加简单位移周期边界条件开展静力学分析,即可经过简单计算得到等效弹性常数,相比传统均匀化实施方法显著降低了实施难度并简化了计算过程。通过对比不同数值方法的结果验证了该方法的有效性和精确性。数值结果表明:六边形排列下单向纤维增强复合材料呈现横观各向同性,而正方形排列下则呈现宏观正交各向异性,经过刚度平均化过程可得到横观各向异性材料性质,纤维体积含量对两种排列方式下材料等效弹性模量影响显著但有所差别。     

Modeling novel methodologies for unmanned aerial systems–Applications to the UAS-S4 Ehecatl and the UAS-S45 Bálaam

The rising demand for Unmanned Aerial Systems(UASs) to perform tasks in hostile environments has emphasized the need for their simulation models for the preliminary evaluations of their missions. The efficiency of the UAS model is directly related to its capacity to estimate its flight dynamics with minimum computational resources. The literature describes several techniques to estimate accurate aircraft flight dynamics. Most of them are based on system identification. This paper presents an alternative methodology to obtain complete model of the S4 and S45 unmanned aerial systems. The UAS-S4 and the UAS-S45 models were divided into four sub-models, each corresponding to a specific discipline: aerodynamics, propulsion, mass and inertia, and actuator. The‘‘aerodynamic" sub-model was built using the Fderivatives in-house code, which is an improvement of the classical DATCOM procedure. The ‘‘propulsion" sub-model was obtained by coupling a two-stroke engine model based on the ideal Otto cycle and a Blade Element Theory(BET) analysis of the propeller. The ‘‘mass and the inertia" sub-model was designed utilizing the Raymer and DATCOM methodologies. A sub-model of an actuator using servomotor characteristics was employed to complete the model. The total model was then checked by validation of each submodel with numerical and experimental data. The results indicate that the obtained model was accurate and could be used to design a flight simulator.     

多飞行器动态目标追踪协同控制研究

多飞行器追踪动态目标是一个协同控制问题,需要根据目标飞行状态,协同各个追踪飞行器的飞行状态,最终能够在某动态的最佳点实现同时到达。考虑到目标具有较强的机动性,轨迹通常为非线性的,设计了一种基于非线性轨迹预测的、以剩余时间为控制变量的一致性控制方案。仿真结果表明,提出的控制方案能够实现空间位置相距较远的多飞行器动态追踪,具有较好的灵活性和收敛性,目标轨迹的预测结果与实际轨迹误差较小,恰当的轨迹估计有助于缩短追踪时间,提高追踪效率。     

弹片热机械疲劳试验方法研究及设计

针对弹片的热机械疲劳（TMF）试验要求，采用机械设计技术、机电技术、冷却技术、计算机技术和数据采集技术，提出了压力载荷和热载荷的加载方法，建立了2种载荷5个试验件的并联试验控制系统，并设计了弹片热机械疲劳试验器。试验结果表明:该系统能够同时模拟服役环境下弹片的压力载荷和热载荷。利用该试验系统进行了弹片的热机械疲劳试验，试验结果再现了弹片在服役状态下的失效模式。试验系统具有良好的重复度、较高的加载频率和加载精度。压力载荷最大相对误差为2.4%，绝对误差小于0.5N。温度载荷最大相对误差为3.55%，最大绝对误差为3.89℃。      

WSO-UV project

During last three decades, astronomers have enjoyed continuous access to the 100–300 nm ultraviolet (UV) spectral range where the resonance transitions of the most abundant atoms and ions (at temperatures between 3000 and 300 000 K) reside. This UV range is not accessible from ground-based facilities. The successful International Ultraviolet Explorer (IUE) observatory, the Russian ASTRON mission and successor instruments such as the Galaxy Evolution Explorer (GALEX) mission or the COS and STIS spectrographs on-board the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) prove the major impact of observations in the UV wavelength range in modern astronomy. Future access to space-based observatories is expected to be very limited. For the next decade, the post-HST era, the World Space Observatory – Ultraviolet (WSO–UV) will be the only 2-m class UV telescope with capabilities similar to the HST. WSO–UV will be equipped with instruments for imaging and spectroscopy and it will be a facility dedicated, full-time, to UV astronomy. In this article, we briefly outline the current status of the WSO–UV mission and the science management plan.     

Particle swarm optimization applied to hypersonic reentry trajectories

This paper presents the novel use of the particle swarm optimization(PSO)to generate the end-to-end trajectory for hypersonic reentry vehicles in a quite simple formulation.The velocitydependent bank angle profile is developed to reduce the search space of unknown parameters based on the constrained PSO algorithm.The path constraints are enforced by setting the fitness function to be infinite on condition that the particles violate the maximum allowable values.The PSO algorithm also provides a much easier means to satisfy the terminal conditions by adding penalty terms to the fitness function.Furthermore,the approximate reentry landing footprint is fast constructed by incorporating an interpolation model into the standardized bank angle profiles.Numerical simulations demonstrate that the PSO method is a feasible and flexible tool to generate the end-to-end trajectory and landing footprint for hypersonic reentry vehicles.     

高超声速飞行器控制面热防护系统地面试验研究

针对高超声速飞行器控制面研发手段中极其重要的地面试验技术,以X-37轨道飞行器为例,介绍了国外的最新研究进展和关键技术解决途径,以及指导地面试验研究的方法,并针对控制面方案在评估和鉴定中必不可少的高温模态试验,进行了综述和分析。     

鼠笼式弹性支承结构参数分步优化设计方法

为进一步提高鼠笼式弹性支承结构支承刚度设计的准确性,同时最大限度地减小鼠笼受到的最大应力,在相关研究的基础上,基于参数化建模思想,并结合有限元优化技术提出分步优化设计方法.采用鼠笼式弹性支承的刚度和应力计算公式并结合加工装配条件初定1组满足设计要求的结构参数值;建立鼠笼式弹性支承的有限元优化模型,并将初定的结构参数值代入到有限元优化模型作为优化的初始迭代值,同时以鼠笼笼条的长度和厚度为优化参数,经过迭代计算得到满足工程需求的结构参数.该方法可提高设计精度,节省设计时间.最后,结合具体算例验证了优化设计方法的有效性和实用性.     

平板压电除冰系统中压电元件排布规律研究

针对压电振动除冰方法在工程上的可用性,以平面铝板为研究对象,采用有限元模型和结构动力学分析的方法,对平板压电除冰系统中压电元件的排布规律进行了研究。以平板长度方向上的截面为研究对象,用有限元分析方法研究了二维压电耦合模型的模态振型,选取了长度方向上三阶模态振型为最佳除冰模态振型,并以此振型为后续三维模型的基础振型。针对压电元件数量、压电元件相对贴片数量和压电元件贴片集中度这三个不同的排布参数,利用三维压电耦合有限元模型,以冰层与平板交界面处的弹性应变作为激励效果的直接体现参数,仿真分析了压电元件在平板宽度方向上的排布规律。仿真结果表明：压电元件在宽度方向上排布在中间位置和边缘位置,对结构均具有较好的激励效果,压电元件的布局要避开宽度方向上弹性应变较小的位置,因此对于分布在平板宽度方向边缘的压电元件,仍然可以在目标结冰区激励出较强的振动效果;在相同的接触面积下,减小压电元件的相对贴片数量,提高压电元件的贴片集中度,均可以提高压电元件对平板的激励效果,因此在实际应用中,在尺寸和粘接结构情况允许的情况下,尽可能选择尺寸较大的压电元件;并且当曲面上压电元件的贴片范围被限制的情况下,适当提升某一方向上压电元件贴片集中度,可以提高对平板结构的激励效果。灵活结合压电元件排布规律,可以设计出可行的压电元件排布方式,为压电除冰系统的工程研究提供借鉴和参考。