同轴离心式喷嘴噪声引发燃烧不稳定分析和预测

以氧化剂和燃料的混合比作为系统控制参数,研究同轴离心式喷嘴燃烧动力学过程。混合比增加和减少过程中,燃烧噪声和振荡燃烧状态间转变的混合比不同,说明系统出现了亚临界Hopf分叉现象,且在双稳定区内出现了燃烧噪声引发的振荡燃烧。利用临界慢化理论,分析3种表征参数:延迟为1自相关系数、方差和条件异方差（CH）对噪声引发不稳定的预警效果。结果表明:延迟为1自相关系数在噪声引发不稳定前出现明显的上升趋势且非随机现象,具有较可靠的指示作用。方差对噪声引发不稳定性的预示性较差。条件异方差在不稳定发生前振荡上升,可以作为辅助判断条件。基于Kendall秩相关系数趋势评估方法,提出一种在线预测噪声引发不稳定的判断准则,具有较好的适应性和可靠性。      

基于Hankel阵的荧光油膜灰度与厚度预测模型改进

针对荧光油膜灰度与厚度关系数据采集方法较为繁琐、耗时耗力这一问题,研究了基于Hankel阵的系统辨识算法,并在此基础提出了Hankel阵误差修正模型和Hankel阵高阶迭代误差修正模型等两种改进方法,利用了极少数据量建立模型,实现了对其余未知荧光油膜厚度值的预测,且保持了较高的精度。试验结果表明:基于极少数据量建模以预测该数据量外的数据点这一特殊背景下,插值法的外插能力显得并不适用。而传统Hankel阵预测模型的预测精度为76.69%,Hankel阵误差修正模型和Hankel阵高阶迭代误差修正模型的预测精度分别为85.69%和89.25%,较之传统方法预测精度分别提高了9%和12.56%,为荧光油流技术领域针对荧光油膜灰度与厚度建模问题提供了一种可行技术路线,具有一定的实际工程应用意义。      

Framework and development of data-driven physics based model with application in dimensional accuracy prediction in pocket milling

In the manufacturing of thin wall components for aerospace industry, apart from the side wall contour error, the Remaining Bottom Thickness Error (RBTE) for the thin-wall pocket component (e.g. rocket shell) is of the same importance but overlooked in current research. If the RBTE reduces by 30%, the weight reduction of the entire component will reach up to tens of kilograms while improving the dynamic balance performance of the large component. Current RBTE control requires the off-process measurement of limited discrete points on the component bottom to provide the reference value for compensation. This leads to incompleteness in the remaining bottom thickness control and redundant measurement in manufacturing. In this paper, the framework of data-driven physics based model is proposed and developed for the real-time prediction of critical quality for large components, which enables accurate prediction and compensation of RBTE value for the thin wall components. The physics based model considers the primary root cause, in terms of tool deflection and clamping stiffness induced Axial Material Removal Thickness (AMRT) variation, for the RBTE formation. And to incorporate the dynamic and inherent coupling of the complicated manufacturing system, the multi-feature fusion and machine learning algorithm, i.e. kernel Principal Component Analysis (kPCA) and kernel Support Vector Regression (kSVR), are incorporated with the physics based model. Therefore, the proposed data-driven physics based model combines both process mechanism and the system disturbance to achieve better prediction accuracy. The final verification experiment is implemented to validate the effectiveness of the proposed method for dimensional accuracy prediction in pocket milling, and the prediction accuracy of AMRT achieves 0.014 mm and 0.019 mm for straight and corner milling, respectively.     

航空发动机转子挤压油膜阻尼器设计方法

将挤压油膜阻尼器设计与转子动力学设计相结合,建立了航空发动机转子挤压油膜阻尼器设计方法和设计流程.转子参数为转子阻尼、临界转速配置、最大不平衡量、转子振动峰值,以及支承外传力等,挤压油膜阻尼器设计参数为轴颈偏心率、油膜半径间隙、油膜长度和鼠笼刚度.设计目标是控制转子临界峰值和支承外传力.其中转子阻尼与最大不平衡量为挤压油膜阻尼器设计的关键参数.利用一实验器,对该设计方法进行了数值仿真和实验验证,结果表明:转子振动响应临界峰值减振比例可达60%以上,说明所建立的设计方法是正确有效的,可为挤压油膜阻尼器设计提供指导.      

考虑陀螺效应的转子动力学相似准则

针对考虑陀螺力矩的转子系统缩尺相似模型与原型是否满足动力学相似的问题,采用量纲分析法推导了考虑陀螺力矩的转子-简单支撑系统相似准则,得到了模型与原型各物理量相似比.通过求解不同相似比下Jeffcott转子系统临界转速的解析解,和利用有限元软件ANSYS对某转子系统临界转速和振型相似性进行了数值模拟,验证了所推导的考虑陀螺力矩转子系统相似准则的正确性.研究表明:考虑陀螺力矩、简单支撑和Rayleigh比例阻尼的转子系统,在相似转速下缩尺模型与原型的固有频率具有相似性,并且临界转速相似.      

航天器测试需求描述及其自动生成

航天器作为一个典型的安全苛刻系统,其可信性研究需求迫切,支持可信性评估的数据来自于航天器测试用例的执行,而航天器测试需求是测试用例生成的重要依据.在实际应用中,对航天器这类复杂系统,面临测试需求庞杂、测试需求编制周期长、人工经验编制方式难以保证测试需求的充分性、完备性及可复用性等问题.针对这些问题,通过分析航天器组织结构特点,建立航天器形式化模型,基于航天器测试任务流程,给出了航天器静态测试需求和动态测试需求形式化描述规范,并给出航天器测试需求自动生成方法,保证了测试需求的充分性和完备性,提高了测试需求复用性,与人工编制方式相比,缩短了测试需求编制周期.最后设计并实现航天器测试需求生成应用系统,验证所提出方法的有效性.      

Impact of bending dies with different friction forms on forming force and quality of tubes manufactured by free bending technology

In the 3D free bending forming system, the bending die can be designed either in a sliding type or rolling friction type. Bending die-based sliding friction type is often called normal bending dies; however, the bending dies-based rolling friction type includes bending die-based roller type and ball type in structure. In the current study, the impact of three bending dies on the forming force, and the bent tube quality was investigated. The obtained results showed that the tangential stresses and strains of the tubes formed by the bending die-based roller type were the smallest among the three bending dies. Besides, the spherical bearing force P_U was reduced drastically after using the roller type and ball type compared to the sliding friction type. Moreover, the uniformity of the wall thickness distribution of the tubes formed by the roller type and ball type was better than those obtained from the sliding friction type. In addition, the cross-section distortion rate was reduced by 2.8% using the roller type, and 1.8% using ball-type compared to the sliding friction type.     

导弹弹射系统中缓冲制动锥的轴向冲击特性

针对壁厚线性变化制动锥的冲击力学特性,基于轴压力学模型,提出了等效速度概念,在综合考虑材料应变强化和应变率效应的条件下,按等效壁厚、等效速度条件下的分段能量等效原理得到了制动锥轴向冲击力学模型,并采用理论分析、有限元计算和实验研究相结合的方式研究了弹射系统中缓冲制动锥的冲击皱褶形成形态、冲击压缩量和缓冲力学特性,3种方法得到的结果基本一致,验证了所提模型的正确。所提出的制动锥轴向冲击力学模型可为制动锥的初步设计、实验规划以及武器系统的发射动力学分析提供参考。     

面内弯曲载荷作用下两边简支两边固支复合材料层合板的屈曲

为扩充航空复合材料结构稳定性设计手段,基于Levy形式级数和有限差分法,提出了面内纯弯曲载荷作用下两边简支两边固支（SSCC）复合材料层合板临界屈曲载荷的数值解法。首先,应用有限差分法将挠度函数进行离散化处理;然后利用边界条件扩充方程组,最后将临界屈曲载荷的求解转化为广义特征值问题。通过数值算例分别在各向同性板和复合材料层合板上验证了本文方法,并与有限元方法（FEM）进行了比较。结果表明,本文方法具有很高的精度,为复合材料层合板的屈曲分析开辟了新的途径。     

锂离子电池极片涂层厚度在线测量系统

锂离子电池极片涂层厚度的实时高精度测量是实现对锂电涂层厚度控制的前提。针对在生产过程中的锂离子电池极片涂层厚度动态、非接触、高精度的测量要求,设计了一种基于非接触式电容传感器进行微位移测量的在线式测量系统。介绍了传感器结构及测量电路基本原理,搭建了适用于锂离子电池极片涂层厚度测量的硬件系统,开发了可用于数据采集、线性校正、数据记录的基于虚拟仪器技术的测试系统。经测试,该传感器的分辨力为0.1μm,现场长期运行证明该系统满足生产的测量要求。