无余量装配技术在复合材料机身结构部段上的应用

提出了在复合材料飞机部段装配过程中采用无余量装配的方法。在产品设计和制造过程中采用数字量传递的方式可减少误差积累,提高协调精度。关键零部件的装配、工装制造等采用激光跟踪仪等数字化测量设备可以确保精确性,并能在装配工艺设计阶段就考虑零部件间的协调安装精度及公差分配要求。通过分析复合材料部段装配特点,并以复合材料机身典型结构为例进行应用研究,阐述了在三维数字化装配过程中具有协调关系的关键零部件无余量装配的工艺流程、方法,从而可实现零部件一次装夹、加工及无反复装配,使装配质量具有良好的稳定性。     

大型复合材料构件连接装配二次损伤及抑制策略

在分析复合材料构件成型和制孔过程中产生缺陷的基础上,从构件成型质量、连接孔加工质量和连接孔配合质量3个方面研究了影响装配应力分布的主要因素及其影响规律。研究发现,装配间隙为1.0mm时,连接区最大应力可达537MPa;垂直度误差为1°时,连接区最大应力超过300MPa;连接孔同轴度误差为0.03mm时,连接区最大应力可达443MPa。装配应力过大引起材料内部成型缺陷和制孔损伤的进一步扩展,形成二次损伤,严重影响装配质量。通过合理设计结构和铺层、优化成型工艺和制孔参数,可以减少初始损伤;采用自动化装配技术、优化工装结构、合理安排装配工序和应用填隙补偿工艺降低装配应力,进而有效抑制二次损伤的诱发与扩展,为实现大型复合材料承力构件的高质量精准连接装配提供理论方法和技术支持。     

基于改进遗传算法的机器人动态路径规划

针对基本遗传算法解决移动机器人路径规划的不足,提出了一种改进的遗传算法。首先,采用栅格法对机器人路径规划进行建模。然后,提出一种生成初始种群的方法和精英策略,设计出自适应变异概率,提高了算法的求解质量。同时,在规划过程中,将全局路径规划与局部路径规划相结合,并且根据机器人与动态障碍物碰撞类型的不同,提出了相应的避碰策略。仿真实验表明:该算法优于基本遗传算法,能够有效地指导机器人在动态环境中实现避障,获得无碰最优或次优路径。     

Energy-optimal trajectory planning for solar-powered aircraft using soft actor-critic

High-Altitude Long-Endurance(HALE) solar-powered Unmanned Aircraft Vehicles(UAVs) can utilize solar energy as power source and maintain extremely long cruise endurance,which has attracted extensive attentions from researchers. Trajectory optimization is a promising way to achieve superior flight time because of the finite solar energy absorbed in a day. In this work,a method of trajectory optimization and guidance for HALE solar-powered aircraft based on a Reinforcement Learning(RL) framework is...     

Area-oriented coordinated trajectory planning of dual-arm space robot for capturing a tumbling target

The growing amount of space debris poses a threat to operational spacecraft and the long-term sustainability of activities in outer space. According to the orbital mechanics, an uncontrolled space object will be tumbling, bringing great challenge to capture and remove it. In this paper, a dual-arm coordinated ‘‘Area-Oriented Capture"(AOC) method is proposed to capture a non-cooperative tumbling target. Firstly, the motion equation of the tumbling target is established, based on which, the dynamic properties are analyzed. Then, the ‘‘Area-Oriented Capture"concept is presented to deal with the problem of large pose(position and attitude) deviation and tumbling motion. An area rather than fixed points/devices is taken as the object to be tracked and captured. As long as the manipulators' end-effectors move to a specified range of the objective areas(not fixed points on the target, but areas), the target satellite will be hugged by the two arms.At last, the proposed method and the traditional method(i.e. fixed-point oriented capture method)are compared and analyzed through simulation. The results show that the proposed method has larger pose tolerance and takes shorter time for capturing a tumbling target.     

Detumbling strategy based on friction control of dual-arm space robot for capturing tumbling target

The rotational motion of a tumbling target brings great challenges to space robot on successfully capturing the tumbling target. Therefore, it is necessary to reduce the target’s rotation to a rate at which capture can be accomplished by the space robot. In this paper, a detumbling strategy based on friction control of dual-arm space robot for capturing tumbling target is proposed. This strategy can reduce the target’s rotational velocity while maintaining base attitude stability through the establishment of the rotation attenuation controller and base attitude adjustment controller. The rotation attenuation controller adopts the multi-space hybrid impedance control method to control the friction precisely. The base attitude adjustment controller applies the dual-arm extended Jacobian matrix to stabilize the base attitude. The main contributions of this paper are as follows: (1) The compliant control method is adopted to achieve a precise friction control, which can reduce the target angular velocity steadily; (2) The dual-arm extended Jacobian matrix is applied to stabilize the base attitude without affecting the target capture task; (3) The detumbling strategy of dual-arm space robot is designed considering base attitude stabilization, realizing coordinated planning of the base attitude and the arms. The strategy is verified by a dual-arm space robot with two 7-DOF (degrees of freedom) arms. Simulation results show that, target with a rotation velocity of 20 (°)/s can be effectively controlled to stop within 30 s, and the final deflection of the base attitude is less than 0.15° without affecting the target capture task, verifying the correctness and effectiveness of the strategy. Except to the tumbling target capture task, the control strategy can also be applied to other typical on-orbit operation tasks such as space debris removal and spacecraft maintenance.     

Hypersonic vehicle aerodynamic design using modified sequential approximate optimization

Hypersonic vehicles are receiving increased attention within the aerospace community due to their high cruise speed and long-range capabilities. In this paper, a modified Sequential Approximate Optimization method is proposed for an optimized aerodynamic design of a hypersonic vehicle. As part of this approach, a constrained experimental design method is developed to handle the constraints more efficiently. A radial basis function is used to surrogate time-consuming CFD analysis. An efficient and more robust numerical mesh morphing scheme for the hypersonic vehicle is developed for the generation of high-quality meshes. Within this paper, a novel adaptive infilling strategy is proposed which uses an inaccurate search technique coupled with an elite archive. This allows the location of a more promising sample region and hence improves the surrogate accuracy, thereby further enhancing the optimization efficiency. A hypersonic vehicle aerodynamic design problem is solved using the proposed approach and satisfactory results are obtained at much lower computational costs. The lift-to-drag ratio is increased by 23.8% when compared with the base configuration while also satisfying the volume and lift constraints. The pressure and Mach contours have been compared with those of the base configuration and the results demonstrate the strength of the optimized configuration. The modified sequential approximate optimization for designing an improved hypersonic vehicle is worth referencing in future work.     

机器人系统跟踪控制的一种新策略

 本文研究了多个机器人完成某物体的跟踪问题。提出了一种“主辅型”控制策略。这种控制策略具有自组织性质,它自动地解决了机器人系统控制的不唯一性、自相矛盾的可能性,保证了各机器人间的合作与谐调。仿真结果表明跟gr误差极小。     

复杂产品供应链协同优化的演进与发展

本文从协同管理、协同设计、协同建模以及决策优化等方面对供应链协同研究的成果进行梳理,并指出了供应链协同优化研究的新动态。     

因特网环境中英语阅读自主性的培养

随着因特网在信息领域的迅速发展,网络给英语学习者提供了无可计量的、生动的、真实的英语阅读材料。分析网络英语资源和自主阅读的特点,探讨如何充分利用网络,培养学生英语阅读的自主能力。