纵列式旋翼直升机在起落架上的振动特性试验方法研究

本文基于模态分析理论和试验技术,提出了一套测定纵列式旋翼直升机在起落架上的刚体模态特性试验方法。仿真试验和工程实例验证结果表明该方法用于纵列式直升机设计的可行性。     

鼓泡法在金刚石薄膜/硅基界面结合强度定量测量中的应用分析与试验研究

在分析现有的各种关于薄膜性能评价试验方法的基础上,从实验角度探讨了有关鼓泡力学模型在金刚石薄膜/硅基结合强度的测量评价方面应用的可行性。     

A method for automatic detection and characterization of plasma bubbles using GPS and BDS data

Detecting and characterizing Total Electron Content (TEC) depletion is important for studying the ionospheric threat due to the Equatorial Plasma Bubble (EPB) when applying the Ground-Based Augmentation System (GBAS) at low latitudes. This paper develops a robust method to automatically identify TEC depletion and derive its parameters. The rolling barrel algorithm is used to automatically identify the TEC depletion candidate and its parameters. Then, the depletion candidates are screened by several improved techniques to distinguish actual depletions from other phenomena such as Traveling Ionospheric Disturbance (TID) or abnormal data. Next, based on the depletion signals from three triangular receivers, the method derives EPB parameters such as velocity, width and gradient. The time lag and front velocity are calculated based on cross-correlation using TEC depletions and the geometrical distribution of three triangular receivers. The width and gradient of slope are then determined by using TEC depletion from a single receiver. By comparison, both the station-pair method and proposed method depend on the assumption that the EPB morphology is frozen during the short time when the plasma bubble moves between the receivers. However, our method relaxes the restriction that the baseline length should be shorter than the width of slope required by the station-pair. This relaxation is favorable for studying small-scale slope of depletions using stations of a longer baseline. In addition, the accuracy of the width and gradient is free of impact from hardware biases and small-scale disturbance, as it is based only on the relative TEC variation. The method is demonstrated by processing Global Positioning System (GPS) and BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (BDS) data on 15 August, 2018, in a solar minimum cycle.     

水下齐射扰动特性

围绕水下垂直齐射伴随的多相传热传质流动以及运动耦合过程,建立涵盖多相流动、细长体运动以及适配模块变形载荷等在内的数值计算模型,对齐射扰动特性进行研究分析。结果表明:受流体载荷、适配模块变形载荷影响,细长体离筒横向位移和姿态等发生变化,在弹体轴向运动2倍弹长的发射过程中,齐射弹道横向位移可达01倍弹长,横向姿态角达到7°。此外,首发细长体发射后水倒灌及筒口气泡溢出过程对次发细长体发射时的筒口气泡形态和载荷状态产生显著影响,进而也会对其弹道产生干扰,在考察状态下,首发弹体与次发弹体离筒时横向角差异为01°,横向角速度差异达到75 (°)/s。     

Numerical study of separation on the trailing edge of a symmetrical airfoil at a low Reynolds number

This study focuses on the trailing-edge separation of a symmetrical airfoil at a low Rey-nolds number. Finite volume method is adopted to solve the unsteady Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) equation. Flow of the symmetrical airfoil SD8020 at a low Reynolds number has been simulated. Laminar separation bubble in the flow field of the airfoil is observed and process of unsteady bubble burst and vortex shedding from airfoil surfaces is investigated. The time-dependent lift coefficient is characteristic of periodic fluctuations and the lift curve varies nonlinearly with the attack of angle. Laminar separation occurs on both surfaces of airfoil at small angles of attack. With the increase of angle of attack, laminar separation occurs and then reattaches near the trailing edge on the upper surface of airfoil, which forms laminar separation bubble. When the attack of angle reaches certain value, the laminar separation bubble is unstable and produces two kinds of large scale vortex, i.e. primary vortex and secondary vortex. The periodic processes that include secondary vortex production, motion of secondary vortex and vortex shedding cause fluctuation of the lift coefficient. The periodic time varies with attack of angle. The secondary vortex is relatively stronger than the primary vortex, which means its influence is relatively stronger than the primary vortex.     

表面张力贮箱泡破点盲测技术研究

通过对表面张力贮箱结构、泡破点测试难点分析,提出了采用微压闭环控制技术解决测试过程管理装置内腔压力维持准平衡状态难题的技术途径,研制的贮箱泡破点盲测系统具有自动控制、自动判读及测试精度高等特点,经试验验证该技术满足贮箱泡破点盲测要求,已在型号研制中得到应用。     

基于遗传算法的柴油机喷油系统模型参数辨识

柴油机喷油系统中压力的变化会引起气泡的产生和溃灭,而气泡的变化会对燃油的流动和压力波的传播产生影响.为了更准确预测喷油系统中的初始含气率以及变化情况,提出了应用改进遗传算法对柴油机喷油系统模型中的柱塞腔、出油阀紧帽腔、高压油管和针阀腔初始含气率进行辨识的新方法.基于气泡模型,建立了气-液两相条件下的柴油机喷油系统模型,通过仿真数据和试验数据对比,构造了适应度函数,实现了对柴油机喷油系统模型的参数辨识,并得到了参数优化后的柴油机喷油系统模型.仿真结果与试验数据的比较验证了采用改进遗传算法对气-液两相条件下的柴油机喷油系统模型进行参数辨识的可行性.     

低雷诺数下层流分离的等离子体控制

为有效控制层流分离特性,消除或减弱低雷诺数时小迎角下的升力非线性现象,改善翼型升力特性,并通过翼型的上表面转捩带与油流显示测量对等离子体激励控制机理进行阐述,对厚度为16%椭圆翼型低雷诺数下的气动特性进行了风洞试验研究。在此基础上,在上表面前缘10%弦长处布置激励器,通过压力分布测量观察等离子体激励对层流分离的影响。试验结果表明：当翼型上表面仅发生层流分离时,等离子体激励和转捩带的作用类似,可以有效延迟或者消除后缘层流分离,从而增加升力;当翼型上表面出现层流分离气泡并发生再附现象时,等离子体可以有效减小或者消除层流分离泡的范围,从而减小升力;通过控制层流分离,占空循环等离子体激励可以实现对低雷诺数小迎角下的升力的线性控制。     

基于DES方法的高超声速激波/边界层干扰的双微楔控制数值研究

高超声速飞行器在流场中通常会伴随激波/边界层干扰(SWBLI),其引发的流动分离将导致进气道性能下降。采用湍流离散涡模拟(DES)方法、结合有限体积离散方法与自适应网格加密(AMR)技术对来流马赫数为7.0的流场中SWBLI诱导的流动分离进行数值模拟,并分别采用单、双微楔对其进行控制。针对流场结构、近壁面流向速度、压力梯度及总压损失等参数,分析讨论了不同双微楔流向安装位置对SWBLI的控制效果。研究结果表明:双微楔产生的流向涡对与涡对之间的相互诱导促进了各自流向涡对之间的卷吸作用,使得双微楔对分离气泡的消除效果优于单只微楔;流动总压损失系数随着微楔后缘与分离气泡中心的距离的减小呈先减小后增加的趋势;综合讨论流向涡强度与形状阻力的影响,得到了双微楔最佳流向安装位置。     

转捩对压缩拐角激波/边界层干扰分离泡的影响

为了研究转捩对压缩拐角内分离泡结构的影响,进行了来流马赫数2.9,24°压缩拐角激波/转捩边界层干扰的直接数值模拟（DNS）。通过在拐角上游平板的不同流向位置处添加周期性吹吸扰动激发流动转捩,使得转捩不同阶段进入拐角入口,从而在拐角内产生激波/转捩边界层的相互干扰。计算得到的平均速度剖面、壁面压力分布以及分离泡大小与风洞试验及以往直接数值模拟结果吻合较好,验证了计算结果的可靠性。研究了转捩过程对角部干扰区内分离泡结构的影响规律,分析比较了不同转捩阶段下角部分离区内湍动能的生成、耗散和分配机制。研究结果表明：转捩初期的拟序涡结构对分离泡尺度及形状影响最大,发卡涡包在角部拐点附近发生展向融合,并在角部区域形成湍流斑,此时分离泡尺度最小,形状呈现中间高两边低的山峰型。随着转捩的发展,分离区内湍动能生成和近壁区的耗散逐步降低,此时输运项起到了主要的平衡作用。