Automated determination of the orientation of dust devil tracks in mars orbiter images

The paper presents and evaluates three methods for automatically estimating the main orientation of Martian dust devil tracks in MOC and HiRISE images. Inferring such information about dust devils from their tracks is important to better understand the near surface wind. The methods considered were based on gradient direction, directional openings and morphological granulometry. The accuracy of the methods was asserted by comparing the results to a set of directions estimated visually and assumed to be the ground truth. The higher accuracy was reached using directional openings. Besides, the directions inferred by this method were compared to those predicted by the GCM and the results agreed.     

PTFE/CFRP/铝合金叠层材料钻削试验研究

对PTFE/CFRP/铝合金叠层材料进行了钻削试验研究。结果表明:最高钻削温度随主轴转速的增大而增大,但随进给量的增大反而下降;相同钻削参数下,从铝合金侧钻入能获得更低的钻削温度;采用较大的进给量有利于铝合金形成碎屑状切屑,避免带状切屑排出时划伤已加工CFRP表面;采用较低主轴转速和较大的进给量可获得更好的铝合金孔出口质量。     

Space Debris Reentry Analysis Methods and Tools

The reentry of uncontrolled spacecraft may be broken into many pieces of debris at an altitude in the range of 75-85 km. The surviving fragments could pose great hazard and risk to ground and people. In recent years, methods and tools for predicting and analyzing debris reentry and ground risk assessment have been studied and developed in National Aeronautics and Space Ad-ministration (NASA), European Space Agency (ESA) and other organizations, including the group of the present authors. This paper reviews the current progress on this topic of debris reentry briefly. We outline the Monte Carlo method for uncertainty analysis, breakup prediction, and parameters affecting survivability of debris. The existing analysis tools can be classified into two categories, i.e. the object-oriented and the spacecraft-oriented methods, the latter being more accurate than the first one. The past object-oriented tools include objects of only simple shapes. For more realistic simulation, here we present an object-oriented tool debris reentry and ablation prediction system (DRAPS) developed by the present authors, which introduces new object shapes to 15 types, as well as 51 predefined motions and relevant aerodynamic and aerothermal models. The aerodynamic and aerothermal models in DRAPS are validated using direct simulation Monte Carlo (DSMC) method.     

A robotic telescope network for space debris identification and tracking

The two TAROT (Télescopes à Action Rapide pour les Objets Transitoires; Rapid Action Telescopes for Transient Objects) installations are fully robotic optical observatories with optimized observation scheduling, data processing and archiving. Zadko is a 1 m telescope in Western Australia. The fully robotisation of the Zadko telescope has just been completed; it is now included in the TAROT network. In this paper we provide an overview of this international network of robotic optical telescopes. We discuss the advantages of using the network to participate in a satellite and space debris tracking program. This network will access almost all geostationary belt objects, and provide the first real-time satellite positioning capability. The inclusion of the 1 m Zadko telescope into the network significantly extends the efficiency and sensitivity of the existing two telescope configuration.     

电弧增材制造7075铝合金的微观组织与力学性能

7xxx系铝合金电弧增材制造过程中因组织不均匀与元素偏析导致成形试样性能较低,针对这一问题,对电弧增材制造7075铝合金薄壁件进行固溶+人工时效热处理(T6态),对比研究了热处理前后微观组织与力学性能的变化。结果表明,7075铝合金沉积态试样中晶粒被网状共晶组织包围,Zn、Mg和Cu元素在晶界富集,产生元素偏析。经过T6态热处理后,大部分共晶组织溶解,元素分布的不均匀性得到明显改善。与沉积态试样相比,热处理后试样的抗拉强度与断后伸长率增加,抗拉强度从(279.4±5.3)MPa提高至(493.9±10.2)MPa,断后伸长率从3.78%±0.35%增加到9.66%±1.70%。T6态试样的拉伸断口表面密布着韧窝,断裂方式为韧性断裂。     

TiAlN涂层刀具高速铣削GH4169刀具磨损形貌及机理分析

针对难加工镍基高温合金GH4169切削过程中刀具磨损严重、加工效率低下、成本高等问题,使用新型PVD-TiAlN涂层硬质合金刀具高速铣削GH4169,获得了刀具的磨损形貌.采用电子扫描显微镜(SEM)观测了刀具的磨损形貌,通过能谱分析仪(EDS)分析了磨损刀具表面的元素分布,并对刀具的主要磨损机理进行了分析.结果表明:TiAlN涂层刀具高速铣削GH4169时,刀具的磨损形态主要表现为微崩刃、微裂纹和剥落,刀具的磨损机理主要为粘结磨损、氧化磨损和扩散磨损.     

对流作用下Al-4.7％Cu合金枝晶生长的形貌特征和成分分布的数值模拟

建立了用于模拟Al-4.7％ Cu(质量分数)单相固溶体合金凝固过程温度场、流场、溶质场以及微观组织模拟的元胞自动机-格子玻尔兹曼方法(CA-LBM)数值模型,分析对流作用下枝晶生长的形貌与成分变化.模型处理溶质场计算中固液(S/L)界面处溶质的分配过程,使浓度场的变化和实际的传输过程更加相符.计算结果表明,与不计入流动过程的纯扩散型合金凝固过程相比较,对流对合金枝晶形貌的影响显著,呈现非对称生长形貌.在强制对流条件下,枝晶晶粒大小呈均匀化趋势,枝晶间的局部区域的成分更加均匀,在整体凝固区域内的成分呈现出上游到下游的一定的梯度化趋势.     

帕金森大鼠模型的影像特性

利用影像技术对帕金森病（Parkinsondisease，PD）大鼠模型的脑形态与功能信息进行了系统研究。利用磁共振（Magneticresonance imaging。MRI）及磁共振血管成像（Magneticresonanceangiography，MRA）获取PD大鼠脑部形态影像资料，利用质子磁共振波谱（1H—magneticreso—nancespectroscopy，1H—MRS）及CT灌注（CTperfusion，CTP）成像获取波谱及血流变化等功能影像学资料。研究结果表明PD大鼠在形态上影像无特征性异常，在功能影像学纹状体存在局部脑血流降低和波谱变化。     

非均匀速度来流条件下液体射流喷雾特性

实验研究了非均匀速度来流条件下液体横向射流喷雾特性.实验利用多孔板实现速度的不均匀,应用片光照相得到喷雾中心截面照片,使用相位多普勒粒子分析仪(PDPA)测量液滴的直径和速度.实验结果表明:在非均匀速度来流中,射流的弯曲和破碎机理有所不同,导致穿透深度和雾化特性发生改变.与均匀速度来流相比,正速度梯度来流时射流穿透深度...     

深氮化硬化钢的接触疲劳试验研究

对双真空32Cr3MoVE钢深氮化件进行接触疲劳试验研究和全面分析.结果表明,失效形貌呈典型的接触疲劳特征,两种疲劳裂纹形成模式同时存在.深氮化试件具有优良的硬度梯度和残余压应力分布,与渗碳件相比接触疲劳寿命提高3.3～4.5倍.