多种材料双层 EFP数值仿真对比研究

以双层药型罩形成的串联爆炸成型弹丸（EFP）为研究对象，运用数值仿真软件AUTODYN，对不同材料组成的双层药型罩产生的串联EFP成型与侵彻靶板过程进行数值模拟计算。通过比较双层EFP形状、速度、长径比、动能等参数，得出内外罩材料冲击阻抗之差对于双层EFP侵彻能力的影响，其侵彻能力最强的材料组合为外钽内铝组合。     

Optimal crater landmark selection based on optical navigation performance factors for planetary landing

Planetary craters are natural navigation landmarks that widely exist and are easily observed. Optical navigation based on crater landmarks has become an important autonomous navigation method for planetary landing. Due to the increase in observed crater landmarks and the limitation of onboard computation, the selection of good crater landmarks has gradually become a research hotspot in the field of landmark-based optical navigation. This paper designs a fast crater landmark selection method, which not only considers the configuration observability of crater subsets but also focuses on the influence on navigation performance arising from the measurement uncertainty and the matching confidence of craters, which is different from other landmark selection methods. The factor of measurement uncertainty, which is anisotropic, correlated and nonidentically distributed, is quantified and integrated into selection based on crater pairing detection and localization error evaluation. In addition, the concept of the crater matching confidence factor is introduced, which reflects the possibility of 2D projection measurements corresponding to 3D positions. Combined with the configuration observability factor, the crater landmark selection indicator is formed. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed method is verified by Monte Carlo simulations.     

基于RVCF的大视角差异图像匹配方法

文章针对 SIFT算法对大视角变化图像匹配效果差的问题,提出一种改进的 SIFT算法——抗视角变化特征 提摘取算法(Resistance to Viewpoint Change Feature,RVCF)。首先,利用最大稳定极值区域(MSER)算法提取图像中 的仿射不变特征区域；然后,利用协方差矩阵将 MSER检测出的椭圆区域转化成符合尺度空间条件的圆形区域；最 后,利用 SIFT算法对获得的圆形区域进行仿射不变特征的提取与匹配。实验结果表明:RVCF算法能够在大的视 角和尺度变化下成功实现图像间的匹配。     

磁损耗吸波涂层的损耗特性北大核心CSCD

为研究磁损耗吸波涂层的损耗特性,选取了两种羰基铁粉吸收剂及一种铁氧体吸收剂,采用同轴法测试了材料电磁参数,并计算了频率为1~18 GHz电磁波在吸波涂层中的衰减常数、相位常数和波长,考察了电磁波在吸波涂层中的衰减率,计算了吸波涂层对电磁波的输入阻抗和反射率。结果表明,厚度为2 mm的S型吸波涂层对频率为18 GHz的电磁波的衰减率达到-24.9 dB,电磁波能量下降为原来的0.3%。三种吸波涂层输入阻抗实部Re(Z_(in))最大值对应频率与反射率最大值对应频率值基本相等。输入阻抗实部Re(Z_(in))与自由空间中本征阻抗匹配性能不是决定涂层反射率的唯一重要因素。     

Target localization based on cross-view matching between UAV and satellite

Matching remote sensing images taken by an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) with satellite remote sensing images with geolocation information. Thus, the specific geographic location of the target object captured by the UAV is determined. Its main challenge is the considerable differences in the visual content of remote sensing images acquired by satellites and UAVs, such as dramatic changes in viewpoint, unknown orientations, etc. Much of the previous work has focused on image matching of homologous data. To overcome the difficulties caused by the difference between these two data modes and maintain robustness in visual positioning, a quality-aware template matching method based on scale-adaptive deep convolutional features is proposed by deeply mining their common features. The template size feature map and the reference image feature map are first obtained. The two feature maps obtained are used to measure the similarity. Finally, a heat map representing the probability of matching is generated to determine the best match in the reference image. The method is applied to the latest UAV-based geolocation dataset (University-1652 dataset) and the real-scene campus data we collected with UAVs. The experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness and superiority of the method.     

一种航天接口芯片静电防护电路的软击穿现象

接口阻抗测试是航天产品中对产品状态是否正常来进行判断的常用方法。在航天产品应用中，通常认为接口芯片阻抗测试异常即代表该接口芯片已经失效。本文针对一种LVDS接口发送芯片由静电导致阻抗测试异常，但功能正常的现象进行分析。在元器件失效分析的基础上，定位静电损伤的位置为芯片内部静电防护电路，从而建立了对应的电路模型，对芯片静电损伤的现象进行理论分析。分析说明：该芯片在被静电打击时，其静电防护电路中一个NMOS管受损，但该电路保护了芯片的功能电路，被击穿的NMOS管等效为一个电阻，因此导致阻抗测试异常，但芯片功能电路未受损的现象，为静电软击穿现象。且可认为该芯片在受静电影响后并未失效，相关电路仍具有正常工作的能力。即阻抗异常现象并不是芯片失效的充分条件。     

基于LCD-ICA的水声信号降噪方法

针对水下目标信号易受噪声影响、信噪分离难的问题,提出一种基于 LCD和 ICA分析相结合的水声信号降噪方法,给出了该方法在水声降噪领域中应用原理和方法步骤；并通过仿真信号,验证了该方法在水声信噪分离中的有效性。结果表明,采用文中所提的方法能够有效降低噪声干扰,提高目标检测的可靠性。     

地图辅助行人航迹推算技术的室内定位方法

针对目前室内定位技术中位置漂移、定位结果偏差较大的问题,提出了一种融合行人航迹推算(PDR)、地标匹配修正和地图辅助的室内行人定位方法.该方法利用基于惯性传感器的PDR技术计算行人位置信息,利用行走过程中的传感器读数特征识别室内特定地标点,与地标库数据进行匹配后,修正PDR轨迹产生的累积误差.室内地图辅助主要是通过判断行人是否位于走廊等区域,限制轨迹穿墙,约束PDR定位轨迹.实验结果表明,融合定位算法得到的轨迹优于纯惯性递推算法得到的轨迹,更加接近真实的行走轨迹,定位精度提高了51.2％,平均定位误差降至1.8m,满足室内定位需求.     

基于注意力机制和特征匹配的空对地多目标检测与跟踪算法

多目标跟踪算法是实现无人机自主导航的关键技术，为解决现有方法存在的小目标检测能力弱、计算能耗大、鲁棒性差等问题，提出一种基于注意力机制和特征匹配的多目标空对地跟踪算法，以实现航拍视角下对目标的精准高效跟踪。首先，引入通道可分离卷积，实现目标检测模型的轻量化；其次，构造融合空间注意力机制的小目标检测分支，提高对小微目标的检测精度，最后，优化目标跟踪算法的外观重识别网络，提高多目标跟踪效率。使用Visdrone2019-MOT数据集对所提算法进行验证，实验结果表明，所提算法的MOTA值提高了0.６%，FPS值为21.31帧/s，在模型大小和跟踪精度上实现了较好的平衡。     

共沉淀法制备花状NiCo2O4及其吸波性能的研究

通过共沉淀法制备花状NiCo₂O₄吸波材料，利用XRD、FTIR、BET、XPS和SEM等方式表征了样品成分及形貌特征，将不同煅烧温度（300、400、500、600、700 ℃）的产物利用矢量网络分析仪通过同轴测试法模拟了不同厚度下的吸波性能。结果表明：400 ℃煅烧样品在反射损耗值、吸收带宽以及样品厚度都表现出较好的性能，当厚度为1.5 mm时，在14.32 GHz处吸波材料达到最大的吸收损耗值为-43.71 dB，有效吸收带宽为4.48 GHz （12.08~16.56 GHz），可以预见镍钴基吸波材料具有很大的潜力。