酚醛树脂杂化磷酸盐基复合材料的研究

用酚醛树脂对磷酸盐进行了杂化，并用杂化基体制备了玻璃纤维增强的复合材料。考察了酚醛树脂加入量对复合材料的力学性能、吸水性和介电性能的影响。结果表明，酚醛树脂加入后。磷酸盐复合材料的力学性能明显提高，弯曲强度从50MPa提高到100MPa以上；吸水性显著下降，吸湿率从5．5％降低到1．5％左右；同时复合材料的介电性能亦有改善。     

水工质激光推进数值建模分析

在对水工质激光推进内流场特征分析的基础上,对描述内流场演化过程的数学模型进行探讨,研究了水滴蒸发模型、水滴变形和破碎模型在水工质激光推进内流场演化过程中的作用。研究结果表明,流场演化过程中,蒸发引起的水滴体积变化率不会超过0.0216%,因而蒸发模型对于计算结果影响不大,在计算过程中可以忽略;水滴在激波流场的作用下破碎成较小的水滴,形成二次雾化,破碎后的水滴体积最小只有原体积的1.5%,对于激光能量的沉积有较大影响,所以在计算中必须考虑水滴变形和破碎模型。     

Tomographic determination of the spatial distribution of water vapor using GPS observations

With the advent of the GPS navigation system, a promising ground based technique has been introduced which makes it possible to estimate the amount of water vapor in the troposphere from operational GPS networks at relatively low additional costs. While the estimation of the integrated amount is currently well established, the determination of the spatial water vapor distribution and its temporal variation are still a major challenge. To account for the vertical resolution, several tomographic approaches were pursued. We developed the software package AWATOS (atmospheric water vapor tomography software) which is based on the assimilation of double differenced GPS observations. Applying a least-squares inversion, the inhomogeneous spatial distribution of water vapor is determined. An extensive investigation has been carried out in Switzerland. GPS measurements are performed by the dense permanent Swiss national GPS network AGNES of the Swiss Federal Office of Topography (swisstopo). A total of 40 equally distributed water vapor profiles have been estimated on an hourly basis. For the purpose of validation, 22 radiosonde profiles were used at the GPS and meteorological station Payerne. Furthermore, data of the numerical weather model aLMo (alpine model in Switzerland, MeteoSwiss) were compared with the tomographic results. An overall good agreement of the three methods with an rms of better than 1.6 g/m³ absolute humidity was achieved. The results show that AGNES can be used as a dedicated network for the purpose of GPS-tomography, using a horizontal resolution of approximately 50 km and height layers of 300–500 m thickness in the lower troposphere.     

UV光固化胶粘剂的研制

研制出了一种适用于高档家具玻璃、玻璃工艺器、水晶玻璃，光学玻璃等胶接用的丙烯酸系UV光固化胶粘剂，该胶粘接强度高、耐水性能好，玻璃接头在沸水中煮数十小时不剥离。     

纳米SiO2基复合隔热材料吸水性能

考察了纳米SiO2基复合隔热材料各组分添加量对吸水率的影响,同时针对复合材料吸水率高的问题,通过热处理和添加疏水纳米SiO2的方式来降低吸水率.结果表明:纳米Al2O3和无碱超细玻璃纤维对复合材料吸水率影响不大,添加锆英石会使材料吸水率升高.高温热处理会在一定程度上降低吸水率,但温度应控制在800℃以下.添加疏水纳米S...     

GNSS water vapour tomography – Expected improvements by combining GPS,GLONASS and Galileo observations

The German Research Centre for Geosciences (GFZ) operates a GNSS water vapour tomography system using about 350 German GNSS stations. The GNSS data processing at the GFZ works in near real-time and provides zenith total delays, integrated water vapour and slant delay data operationally. This large data set of more than 50,000 slant delays per hour is used to reconstruct spatially resolved humidity fields by means of tomographic techniques. It can be expected that additional observations from the future Galileo system provide more information with improved quality. A simulation study covering 12 h at 14 July 2009 was therefore started to estimate the impact of GPS, Galileo and GLONASS data on the GNSS tomography. It is shown that the spatial coverage of the atmosphere with slant paths is highly improved by combining observations from two or three satellite systems. Equally important for a reliable tomographic reconstruction is the distribution of slant path intersections as they are required to locate the integrated delay information. The number of intersection points can be increased by a factor of 4 or 8 if two or three systems are combined and their distribution will cover larger regions of the atmosphere. The combined data sets can be used to increase the spatiotemporal resolution of the reconstructed humidity fields up to 30 km horizontally, 300 m vertically and 15 min. The reconstruction quality could not be improved considerably using the currently available techniques.     

浅谈城市会议中心水处理系统的改造方案

通过对某城市会议中心用水系统的实际考察，找出了存在的问题，提出了采用“射频式水处理器”对用水系统进行水处理的改造方案，达到既防止系统结垢，又能减少管网腐蚀，达到维持系统安全稳定运行的目的。     

预存气体闭端管路的充填水击研究

为提升补燃循环发动机仿真平台的分布参数计算能力,针对常温液体充填预存气体闭端管路的水击现象,本文使用Modelica语言基于MWorks平台建立了一维有限体积的管路充填模型,并分别使用该模型和集中参数模型对现有文献中的充填水击实验进行了仿真模拟,结果表明：对于预存气体0.1MPa的工况下,一维有限体积模型与集中参数模型对实验的模拟度均较为接近;而在管路接近真空的工况下,一维有限体积模型的计算结果与实验数据吻合度很高,集中参数模型误差则高达76%左右。在不同预存气体压力下的计算结果表明：在管路刚度一定的条件下,预存气体压力0.1MPa以下时,气体的压缩缓冲作用是充填过程中水击压力峰值得到减弱的主要原因;在预存气体压力0.1MPa以上时,气体的缓冲作用与充填流量的减小共同导致了充填水击压力峰值的减弱。对不同弹性管路的计算表明：在闭端管路的充填过程中,管壁弹性对近真空管路的影响相对较大,对预存气体压力较大的管路几乎没有影响。     

一种针刺C/C复合材料-40Cr配副的摩擦学性能

采用MMUD-10B型摩擦磨损试验机分别在干摩擦和水润滑两种不同环境下,固定转速为100 r/min,在不同载荷下(70、150和230 N)对摩擦配副C/C-40Cr进行摩擦学性能对比分析及表征。利用奥林巴斯GX51金相显微镜观察试样表面的磨痕、采用JJ324BC型的电子天平表征每次实验的磨损量、使用JSM-6510A型扫描电子显微镜(带有EDS能谱仪)观察磨屑的形貌及各元素的原子比。结果表明:在干摩擦中,试样的摩擦因数较大,在0.046～0.070波动,磨损量较少,且摩擦因数与磨损量随着载荷的增加而增加;在水润滑摩擦情况下,摩擦因数变化范围较小,在0.037～0.052,但磨损量较大。干摩擦和水润滑条件下的摩擦因数和磨损量与载荷的大小呈正相关趋势。此外磨屑中稳定存在碳纤维和片层状的40Cr,磨损机制为黏着磨损和磨粒磨损共同作用。     

月壤含水特性原位快速预判传感器设计与验证

基于月壤和水冰对不同谱段近红外激光存在吸收/反射差异性的特点,提出了采用多模近红外激光光强差异反演月壤含水特性的水冰原位快速预判方法。通过发射/接收光路同轴设计及多模激光光路分时复用设计,实现了多模激光光学系统轻小型化设计,研制出基于多模近红外激光的月壤水冰原位快速预判传感器工程样机,并开展了针对低含水率极区模拟月壤的含水特性原位预判试验。试验结果表明：该传感器水冰检测限可达0.39%,单次预判时间可优于1 s,光斑直径@检测距离为5 cm@500 mm,传感器具备对地面模拟月壤含水特性进行原位快速预判的能力。