大涵道比涡扇发动机低压转子现场动平衡技术

针对大涵道比涡扇发动机,建立基于最小二乘影响系数的低压转子现场动平衡方法,研制动平衡测试系统,搭建模型转子实验器,开展相关动力学特性计算与动平衡实验,并在真实发动机台架实验中验证其正确性、有效性与可靠性.结果表明:采用跟踪高脉冲、定比例方波的方法识别高齿信号,并对振动信号进行整周期截取、插值处理与多次平均,能够保证转速与相位测量的准确度与稳定性.1号支点对风扇不平衡较为敏感,5号支点对涡轮不平衡较为敏感,而2号支点对两者均敏感,但对风扇不平衡的敏感度更大.在保证动平衡效果的前提下,与三圆平衡法相比,低压转子现场动平衡技术能够提高操作便捷性,减少起停次数,降低时耗,具有一定的工程应用前景.      

压电网络对叶盘结构气动阻尼的影响

首先通过引入气动影响系数,建立了振动相关气动力与系统振动位移成比例的线性模型。基于此导出了叶盘结构气弹耦合的线性振动方程。接着在叶盘结构中引入压电网络,建立了流 机 电耦合动力学方程；并采用集总参数等效模型研究了压电网络对叶盘结构气动阻尼的影响,对流 机 电耦合系统的特征值问题进行求解,获得了可作为系统气弹稳定性判据的模态气动阻尼比。研究表明,压电网络可以有效改善叶盘结构主要振动形式——节径型振动的气弹稳定性；通过对压电网络中电学参数进行优化设计,可以在较宽范围内提高叶盘结构的颤振边界；压电网络对弯曲振动模态气动阻尼的改善效果优于弯扭耦合振动模态。      

液液同轴离心式喷嘴动态特性理论研究

为了研究液液同轴离心喷嘴的动态特性，通过理论方法建立了同轴喷嘴中内喷嘴、外喷嘴的传递函数。其中内喷嘴传递函数参考了Bazarov的喷嘴动力学理论。基于非定常伯努利方程，结合压降振荡条件下喷嘴内液体不同速度分量变化量之间关系的分析，推导了外喷嘴的传递函数。通过将内外喷嘴独立的传递函数相结合，获得了同轴喷嘴总流量振荡以及氧燃比振荡的幅频特性。对一具体同轴喷嘴进行了计算，结果表明，内喷嘴在计算频率范围内会出现敏感频率点。在压降振荡同相位情况下，高频时内外喷嘴之间流量振荡相位差较大。通过仅改变内喷嘴或外喷嘴切向孔的数目，对氧燃比1.65，富燃及富氧三种同轴喷嘴整体动态特性进行了分析。三种同轴喷嘴的计算结果中均发现了新的敏感频率点。     

Lift performance enhancement for flapping airfoils by considering surging motion

The flapping motion has a great impact on the aerodynamic performance of flapping wings. In this paper, a surging motion is added to an airfoil performing pitching-plunging combined motion to figure out how it influences the lift performance and flow pattern of flapping airfoils. Firstly, the numerical methods are validated by a NACA0012 airfoil pitching case and a NACA0012 airfoil plunging case. Then, the E377m airfoil which has typical geometric characteristics of the bird-like airfoil is selected as the calculation model to study how phase differences φ₁ between surging motion and plunging motion affect the aerodynamic performance of flapping airfoils. The results show that the airfoil with surging motion has comprehensively better lift performance and thrust performance than the airfoil without surging motion when 15°< φ₁ < 90°. It is demonstrated that surging motion has a powerful ability to improve the aerodynamic performance of flapping airfoil by adjusting φ₁. Finally, to further explore how flapping airfoil improves lift performance by considering surging motion, the flapping motions of E377m airfoil with the highest lift coefficient and lift efficiency are obtained through trajectory optimization. The surging motion is removed in the highest lift case and highest lift efficiency case respectively, and the mechanism that surging motion adjusts the aerodynamic force is analyzed in detail by comparing the vortex structure and kinematic parameters. The results of this paper help reveal the aerodynamic mechanism of bird flight and guide the design of Flapping wing Micro Air Vehicles (FMAV).     

气液比对气液同轴离心式喷嘴缩进室内流动过程的影响

为了研究气液同轴离心式喷嘴缩进室内部非定常流动过程,采用Level Set和VOF相耦合的方法结合网格自适应技术对缩进长度为8 mm的液体中心式气液同轴离心式喷嘴流动过程进行了数值仿真研究,计算得到了较为精细的液膜一次破碎过程、流场结构和压力振荡特性。结果表明：液膜的破碎模式受气液比的影响较大,随气液比的增加,液膜破碎模式由曲张表面波主导的破碎变为穿孔破碎。此外,清晰获得了自激振荡过程,分析了缩进室内部压力场及速度场分布特征,研究发现随着气体压降增加,气体环缝出口会出现膨胀波和激波,形成一个“扇环形”的超声速流场区域；激波后气流分离,出现旋涡,形成局部高压区,旋涡中心随激波面周期性地上下移动,致使局部压力出现周期性振荡。     

静电引信探测的主要影响因素分析

文章采用电磁场数值仿真的方法对影响静电引信探测的主要因素进行了分析。首先,在导弹壳体不存在的理想情况下验证了仿真模型的准确性;然后,分析了导弹壳体存在时,导弹壳体对探测结果的影响以及壳体带电、海/地平面对探测结果的影响。仿真结果表明,导弹壳体会导致电极板上的感应电荷和感应电流比理论值大,而壳体带电、海/地平面对探测电流基本没有影响。     

Ground-based investigations on phase-moving phenomenon with space sublimation cooling for lunar exploration missions

The lunar surface is a typical vacuum environment, and its harsh heat rejection conditions bring great challenges to the thermal control technology of the exploration mission. In addition to the radiator, the sublimator is recommended as one of the promising options for heat rejection. The sublimator makes use of water to freeze and sublimate in a porous medium, rejecting heat to the vacuum environment. The complex heat and mass transfer process involves many physical phenomena such as the freezing and sublimation phase change of water in the porous medium and the movement of the phase-change interface. In this paper, the visualized ground-based experimental approaches of space sublimation cooling were presented to reveal the moving law of three-phase point and the growth phenomenon of ice-peak and icicle in microchannels under vacuum conditions. The visualized experiments and results prove that the freezing ice is divided into the porous ice-peak and the transparent icicle. As the sublimation progresses, the phase-change interface moves downward steadily, the length of the ice-peak increases, but the icicle decreases. The visualized experiments of space sublimation cooling in the capillary have guiding significance to reveal the sublimation cooling mechanism of water in the sublimator for lunar exploration missions.     

Investigation of pressure wave behaviors in the rotational speed effects on a pressure-exchange wave rotor

A wave rotor is suitable for compact and efficient pressure-exchange between gas flows.This work measured the circumferential pressure distribution of the rotor/stator interfaces and utilized a CFD method to simulate the unsteady pressure waves. The experimental and CFD results showed some slopes in the circumferential pressure distributions, and the slopes indicated the traces of specific unsteady pressure waves. Such traces varied regularly if the rotational speed varied within a range from-11...     

非结构嵌套网格中的一种改进型径向基函数插值方法

非结构混合网格拓扑关系相对复杂,在嵌套边界区域进行流场信息插值传递容易有精度的损失。利用已知的解析函数作为插值样本,对线性插值(LINE)、距离倒数权重插值(WA)、逆二次径向基函数插值(IQ)、Wendland暞sC2径向基函数插值四种方法的精度进行对比,筛选出精度较高的C2径向基函数;提出一种改进的C2径向基函数插值方法,通过调整径向基函数的作用半径来控制插值矩阵条件数,进而消除使用径向基函数插值在嵌套边界区域出现的数值奇性问题;选用MD30P/30N 多段翼与三维AEDC典型外挂物分离模型对该插值方法进行验证。结果表明:改进后的径向基函数插值方法能够有效消除嵌套边界区域数值奇性,同时计算收敛速率更快,插值精度更高。