高温气体喷水冷却过程数值仿真研究

环控试验会排出大量的高温气体,高温气体可通过喷水冷却到合适的温度后排出室外,高温气体喷水冷却过程不仅包含了气、液两相耦合流动,而且存在水的蒸发相变.以国内某环控试验室高温气体喷水冷却系统为例,提出了一种基于欧拉-拉格朗日多相流模型的高温气体喷水冷却过程数值仿真方法,并在STAR-CCM+上进行了数值仿真研究,仿真结果表明方法对于高温气体喷水冷却过程数值仿真具有一定的参考意义.     

高温高压环境下煤油液滴蒸发过程实验研究

应用高速摄影系统和图像处理技术研究了煤油液滴在温度473~773 K、压力1.0~4.0 MPa静止气体环境下的蒸发过程,得到了环境温度与环境压力对煤油液滴特性的影响规律。实验结果表明:环境温度低于573 K时,煤油液滴蒸发D2曲线不符合d2定律;环境温度高于673 K低于773 K时,液滴直径变化与d2定律吻合。环境压力对液滴蒸发的影响与环境温度密切相关,环境温度低于473 K时,随着环境压力的升高,液滴蒸发速率变慢;环境温度高于673 K时,随着环境压力的升高液滴蒸发速率加快。     

非定常气动力计算中的偶极子格网法

从亚音速、跨音速和超音速三个方面叙述了非定常气动力计算中的偶极子格网法，且给出了其基本解法和计算实例。     

多级压气机非定常流动的数值模拟

进行了多级压气机动静叶片排干扰的三维非定常无粘流动数值模拟研究，采用高分辨率格式求解非定常Euler方程组。对某以级压气机的非定常无粘流场的计算结果表明，即使在不考虑粘性影响的情况下，压气机动静叶排干扰的非定常效应仍然是比较显著的，各叶片排所受到的非定常影响是不相同的，计算得到的叶片表面压力周期性波动的结果可为叶片强度计算提供较为准确的数据。     

氢气超音速燃烧非定常过程数值模拟

用有限差分法求解二维Ｎ－Ｓ方程和组分守恒方程，使用代数涡粘性湍流模型，两步化学反应模型和ＭａｃＣｏｒｍａｃｋ时间分裂法，模拟超音速气流中横喷氢气自动着火及火焰传播过程，清晰地描述了喷氢、火焰传播到主流、稳定燃烧过程中，温度、压力、速度和油气当量比的变化。计算结果表明，高温附面层和喷嘴前回流区能促使氢气自动着火，进口气流的静温是火焰向主流传播的重要影响因素。计算还证明了喷嘴后氢与空气两股流呈现平行流动，其间存在着强烈的湍流交换和化学反应边界层，超音速燃烧效率则主要取决于两股气流的混合速率。     

CFD simulation of helicopter rotor flow based on unsteady actuator disk model

Actuator Disks (AD) can provide characterizations of rotor wakes while reducing computational expense associated with modeling the fully resolved blades. This work presents an unsteady actuator disk method based on surface circulation distribution combined with empirical data, blade element theory and rotor momentum theory. The nonuniform circulation distribution accounts for 3D blade load effects, and in particular, tip loses. Numerical simulations were conducted for the isolated pressure sensitive paint model rotor blade in hover and forward flight using the HMB3 CFD solver of Glasgow University. Validation of CFD results in comparison with published numerical data was performed in hover, for a range of blade pitch angles using fully turbulent flow and the k-ω SST model. In forward flight, the vortex structures predicted using the unsteady actuator disk model showed configurations similar to the ones obtained using fully resolved rotor blades. Despite the reduced grid cells number, the CFD results for AD models captured well the main vortical structures around the rotor disk in comparison to the fully resolved cases.     

Experimental investigation on static/dynamic characteristics of a fast-response pressure sensitive paint

An optical-based technique using Pressure-Sensitive Paint(PSP) is a promising method to measure the distribution of surface pressure on an aerodynamic model. The static and dynamic characteristics of a fast-response PSP that is developed in the Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)are analyzed and tested to serve as the basis for experiments on unsteady surface measurement using a fast-response PSP. Two calibration systems used for this study are set up to investigate the temperature dependency, response time, and resolution. A data processing method, used for dynamic data, is analyzed and selected carefully to determine the optimum signal. Results show that the fastresponse PSP can be used normally at temperatures from 25 ℃ to 80 ℃. The effect of temperature on the accuracy of the measurement must be considered when temperatures are beyond the temperature range of 30–40 ℃. The dynamic calibration device with a solenoid valve can achieve a pressure jump within a millisecond order. The resolution is determined by the signal-to-noise ratio of the photo-multiplier tube. Results of the measurement show that the response time of the PSP decreases with a large pressure variation, and the response time is below 0.016 s when the pressure variation is under 40 kPa.     

螺旋桨滑流对自转旋翼气动特性影响分析

自转旋翼机在前飞时螺旋桨滑流穿过桨盘平面,为研究螺旋桨滑流对自转旋翼的非定常气动干扰,基于RANS(雷诺平均Navier-Stokes)方程,采用运动嵌套网格方法建立了适用于自转旋翼-螺旋桨气动干扰流场的计算分析方法,并对模型进行模拟。分析低速情况下,孤立状态自转旋翼和组合状态自转旋翼非定常气动特性及流场特性,研究不同速度及螺旋桨位置对自转旋翼气动特性的影响。计算结果表明螺旋桨滑流会影响自转旋翼在各方位角的升阻力特性,并引起自转旋翼尾迹在0°方位角附近发生畸变;相同升力下,来流速度越大旋翼后倾角越小,螺旋桨滑流对自转旋翼影响越小;增大螺旋桨与自转旋翼间距可以减弱螺旋桨滑流对自转旋翼的气动干扰。     

涡轮级内湍流度影响的非定常数值模拟

通过求解二维雷诺平均Navier-Stokes方程，数值模拟了不同进口湍流度下的涡轮级中的非定常流场及温度场。结果表明，增大湍流度对叶栅通道内时均压力分布影响很小，但是对涡轮级中的温度分布会产生很大影响，当涡轮进口有热斑存在时，增大湍流度将会使热斑中的热流体温度扩散更快，从而叶栅通道中的温度场分布趋向均匀，同时动叶压力面侧与吸力面侧的时均温度差别减小，沿动叶统长方向上的温度分布也更平缓。