支板构型超燃冲压燃烧室流场数值模拟

数值模拟了带凹腔的支板构型超燃冲压燃烧室内部的流场结构。在计算过程中，控制方程采用了含组分守恒方程，并与k-ω双方程湍流模型紧耦合的质量平均Navier—Stokes方程，对方程中的对流项采用了空间为二阶精度的TVD格式，扩散项则采用了二阶中心差分离散。采用在流体力学时间步内的当地积分法克服了非平衡源项的刚性问题，保持了LU-SSOR隐式求解算法的高效率。通过数值模拟，对比研究了凹腔构型的位置、长深比(S／H)对燃料混合性能的影响。结果表明，长深比大的凹腔增加了燃料在腔内的停留时间，相应地改善了燃料的混合。位于燃料喷嘴之后的凹腔比位于下游的凹腔更有助于提高燃料的混合效率。     

三维亚声速冲击射流流场的数值模拟

利用有限体积法对三维可压缩的N－S方程进行离散，对喷嘴的亚声速垂直冲击射流和斜冲击射流进行了数值模拟。网络的划分采用非结构性网络，湍流模型为RNGκ-ε湍流模型，在近壁处采用壁面函数进行修正，流场计算结果与实验值吻合一致。计算可得到垂直冲击流场结构的三个区域：自由射流、滞止区和壁面射流区域，并显示出垂直冲击点附近区域的卷吸回流、速度分布。冲击射流近壁处存在着回流现象，由于边界层流动和近壁回流引起距离固壁2D内的速度梯度变化较大。斜冲击在近壁处平行壁面速度的最大值，以及壁面上的总压最大值都偏离冲击点，并且相对应。     

轴对称超临界粘性喷流的数值模拟

从雷诺平均的非定常Ｎａｖｉｅｒ－Ｓｔｏｋｅｓ方程出发，采用隐式的Ｂｅａｍ－Ｗａｒｍｉｎｇ格式中的矢通量分裂技术，结合Ｂａｌｄｗｉｎ－Ｌｏｍａｘ代数湍流模型，数值模拟了收敛喷管的内流场和喷射流场，通过对趋临界工况下喷管跨音速流场的数值计算，表明本文的结果与试验结果是吻合的。     

二维凹腔超声速流动的混合RANS/LES模拟

基于Menter的k-ω SST湍流模型构建了一种混合RANS/LES模拟方法,通过采用一个与到壁面距离相关的衔接函数将处理近壁区的SST模型过渡到处理主流区的Yoshizawa一方程亚格子模型.利用此方法对用于超燃冲压发动机的凹腔的二维超声速流动进行模拟,模拟结果再现了二维凹腔剪切层的拟序结构,计算得到的凹腔自激振荡频率、时均统计的压力分布以及压力剖面与实验结果吻合较好.     

Reflected shock/turbulent boundary layer interaction structure analysis based on large eddy simulation

In order to understand the physical phenomenon of the reflected shock/turbulent boundary layer interaction, the Large Eddy Simulation (LES) is conducted to investigate shock wave and turbulent boundary layer interaction in a $12°$ compression ramp with inlet high Mach number of 2.9. Rescaling/recycling method is used as inflow turbulence generation technique and validated on a supersonic flat plate turbulent boundary layer. The flow field of recycling plane in the plate computation domain is obtained to give the inlet boundary condition for the LES computation. This paper focuses on the reflected shock/turbulent boundary layer interaction region, where the fine flow structure and instantaneous flow field are analyzed in detail. It is found that the unsteady motion of the shock wave leads to the increase of wall pressure fluctuation.     

An algorithm to separate wind tunnel background noise from turbulent boundary layer excitation

Wall pressure fluctuations generated by Turbulent Boundary Layers(TBL) provide a significant contribution in reducing the structural vibration and the aircraft cabin noise. However,it is difficult to evaluate these fluctuations accurately through a wind tunnel test because of the pollution caused by the background noise generated by the jet or the valve of the wind tunnel. In this study, a new technology named Subsection Approaching Method(SAM) is proposed to separate the wall pressure fluctuations from the background noise induced by the jet or the valve for a transonic wind tunnel test. The SAM demonstrates good performance on separating the background noise from the total pressure compared to the other method in this study. The investigation considers the effects of the sound intensity and the decay factor on the sound-source separation. The results show that the SAM can derive wall pressure fluctuations effectively even when the level of background noise is considerably higher than the level of the wall pressure fluctuations caused by the TBL. In addition, the computational precision is also analyzed based on the broad band noise tested in the wind tunnel. Two methods to improve the precision of the computation with the SAM are also suggested: decreasing the loop gain and increasing the sensors for the signal analysis.     

Direct numerical simulation of impinging shock wave and turbulent boundary layer interaction over a wavy-wall

The interaction of an impinging oblique shock wave with an angle of 30° and a supersonic turbulent boundary layer at Ma_∞=2.9 and Re_θ = 2400 over a wavy-wall is investigated through direct numerical simulation and compared with the interaction on a flat-plate under the same flow conditions. A sinusoidal wave with amplitude to wavelength ratio of 0.26 moves in the streamwise direction and is uniformly distributed across the spanwise direction. The influences of the wavy-wall on the interaction, including the characterization of the flow field, the skin-friction, pressure and the budget of turbulence kinetic energy, are systematically studied. The region of separation grows slightly and decomposes into four bubbles. Local peaks of skin-friction are observed at the rear part of the interaction region. The low-frequency shock motion can be seen in the wall pressure spectra. Analyses of the turbulence kinetic energy budget indicate that both diffusion and transport significantly increase near the crests, balanced by an amplified dissipation in the near-wall region. Proper orthogonal decomposition analyses show that the most energetic structures are associated with the separated shock and the shear layer over the bubbles. Only the bubbles in the first two troughs are dominated by a low-frequency enlargement or shrinkage.     

导弹发射筒防热材料气动热冲击试验

利用电弧加热器湍流导管试验装置模拟导弹发射过程中发射筒内壁防热材料所经受的热环境,对导弹发射筒内壁所使用的三种不同防热材料进行了高压、高温气动热冲击试验研究.结果表明:橡胶材料综合性能优于陶瓷编织材料和玻璃布编制材料,更适合于作为发射筒内壁防热材料使用.     

Numerical simulation of compression corner flows at Mach number 9

A hypersonic vehicle encounters a wide range of conditions during its complete flight regime. These flight conditions may vary from low to high Mach numbers with varying angles of attack. The near-wall viscous dissipation associated with flows at combined high Mach and Reynolds numbers leads to significant wall heat transfer rates and shear stresses. The shock wave/boundary-layer interaction results in a flow separation region, which commonly augments total pressure losses in the flow and lowers the efficiency of aerodynamic control surfaces such as fins installed on a vehicle. The standard turbulence models, when used to resolve such flows, result in incorrect separation bubble size for large separated flows. Therefore, it results in an inaccurate aerodynamic load, such as the wall pressures, skin friction distribution, and heat transfer rate. In previous studies, the application of the shock-unsteadiness correction to the standard two-equation k-ω turbulence model improved the separation bubble size leading to an accurate pressure prediction and shock definition with the assumption of constant Prandtl number. In the present work, the new shock-unsteadiness modification to the k-ω turbulence model is applied to the hypersonic compression corner flows. This new model with variable Prandtl number is based on the model parameter, which depends upon the local density ratio. The computed wall pressures, heat flux and flow field are compared to the experimental data. A parametric study is carried out by varying compression deflection angles, free stream Reynolds number and wall temperatures to compute the flow field and wall data accurately, particularly in the shock boundary layer interaction region. The new shock-unsteadiness modified k-ω model with variable Prandtl number shows an accurate prediction of initial pressure rise location, pressure distribution in the plateau region and heat flux in comparison to the standard k-ω model.     

湍流预混燃烧逆梯度输运分布的数值研究

为了研究湍流预混火焰中逆梯度输运现象的发展、空间分布规律和相关流场控制因素,基于湍流火焰封闭模型(Turbulent Flame Closure,TFC)机理进行准一维分析,得出了当地标量通量的逆梯度输运分量随预混燃烧反应进度变量的关系。通过Moreau燃烧室模型的数值模拟,验证了准一维分析结果的适用性。在此基础上,通过多工况计算,对比研究了密度比对流场逆梯度输运分布的影响。结果表明:预混燃烧流场中标量通量的逆梯度输运现象总发生在火焰中更靠近未燃混合物一侧;增大密度比,流场逆梯度输运特性增强且其区域向反应物侧靠拢。