Analytical Calculation Model for Mach Wave Parameters

When a wave shaper is embedded in a liner,Mach wave will emerge above the liner,which affects the head shape of an explosively formed projectile.Mach wave parameters,including radius and pressure need to be determined to effectively match Mach wave with the liner,so that a good head shape can be obtained.An analytical calculation model for Mach wave parameter is presented based on three-shock theory,and the theoretical values agree well with the experimental ones.The analysis shows that when the radius of the wave shaper is constant,the radius of the Mach wave increases,whereas the pressure decreases while increasing the distance between the liner and the wave shaper.When the distance between the liner and the wave shaper is constant,the radius of the Mach wave increases,whereas the pressure decreases when decreasing the radius of the wave shaper.     

高校委托工程审计的质量控制与评价指标体系构建

委托工程审计质量关系到高校工程审计职能的发挥和投资建设目标的实现.结合高校工程审计实践,探讨高校委托工程审计质量控制关键路径,并据此构建质量评价指标体系,以实现高校委托工程审计质量有效控制和科学评价.     

适用于CEI的GEO卫星相时延解算方法及试验

为解决在实际航天任务中利用连线干涉测量(CEI)技术进行高精度GEO卫星定轨以及共位GEO卫星相对定位时面临的载波相位整周模糊度难题，提出了一种基于卫星下行信号的多弧段融合相位模糊度解算方法，它通过相邻多弧段载波相位值和窄带信号群时延值的融合处理可精确获得无模糊载波相时延观测量。对提出的方法进行了性能仿真和实际外场试验验证，结果表明：在20 km基线上，利用北斗GEO卫星的伪码测距信号和天链卫星的测控信号均成功实现了S频段解载波整周相位模糊，相时延测量精度优于0.1ns，对应GEO卫星定轨精度优于54 m。该方法在国内首次实现了在几十km基线量级上利用几百kHz窄带测控信号获得无模糊载波相时延，具有较好的工程应用前景。     

战术导弹中小型固体发动机技术的发展

通过对战术导弹中小型固体发动机具体发展需求的分析,明确了高能化、轻质化、可控化和低易损4个主要的中小型固体发动机发展方向。可以从提高推进剂黏合剂密度和燃烧室工作压强来实现高能化;采用轻质高性能金属壳体、纤维缠绕复合材料壳体以及提高绝热层性能以实现轻质化;可控化需要在高功率密度的驱动装置、高精度的控制算法等方面获得突破和支撑;低易损则可以从钝感推进剂、主动扩稳、防护材料等途径开展工作。通过对这4个技术方向上国内外研究现状和发展趋势进行梳理,明确提出未来研究需要突破推进剂和热防护原材料、新型装药工艺、可调燃气阀门、压力闭环控制和有效扩稳等关键技术,加速工程化进程,为我国战术导弹的跨越式发展提供支撑。     

翻滚非合作目标逼近与跟踪的轨道和姿态控制

面向近距离逼近与捕获翻滚非合作目标的在轨服务空间清理任务需求,研究了航天器非合作式交会对接的轨道和姿态控制问题。在控制输入受限约束下,考虑存在参数不确定性和外部扰动的情况,结合滑模控制和自适应控制技术,分别进行鲁棒自适应位置和姿态控制器设计。利用自适应控制估计参数不确定性、未知干扰上界以及滑模控制反馈系数矩阵,提高了系统的鲁棒性。通过李雅普诺夫理论证明了系统在控制器作用下全局一致最终有界稳定。仿真结果验证了控制器的有效性,能够有效解决与高速旋转非合作目标的稳定相对位姿关系建立的难题。     

提升民用飞机水废水系统运营经济性技术研究

基于现代民机绿色环保设计理念和对经济性的追求,减重是飞机设计中重点考虑因素,关于降低民用飞机水废水系统运营载重、提高运营经济性研究,国内外尚未发布公开文献。本文基于对航线用水统计数据研究,形成航线运营所需水量计算技术;基于我国航线飞行时长分布特点,提出基于航线实际运营时间和载客人数为需求、为系统设定分档加水设计技术。结果表明：与同类机型数据对比,本文的水量计算技术是有效的;分档加水设计技术能够有效地降低系统在航线运营过程中的运营重量,可以提升民用飞机水废水系统的运营经济性。     

Spatial transformation of general sampling-aliasing frequency region for rotating-blade parameter identification with emphasis on single-probe blade tip-timing measurement

Blade-health monitoring is intensely required for turbomachinery because of the high failure risk of rotating blades. Blade-Tip Timing (BTT) is considered as the most promising technique for operational blade-vibration monitoring, which obtains the parameters that characterize the blade condition from recorded signals. However, its application is hindered by severe undersampling and stringent probe layouts. An inappropriate probe layout can make most of the existing methods invalid or inaccurate. Additionally, a general conflict arises between the allowed and required layouts because of arrangement restrictions. For the sake of economy and safety, parameter identification based on fewer probes has been preferred by users. In this work, a spatial-transformation-based method for parameter identification is proposed based on a single-probe BTT measurement. To present the general Sampling-Aliasing Frequency (SAFE) map definition, the traditional time–frequency analysis methods are extended to a time-sampling frequency. Then, a SAFE map is projected onto a parameter space using spatial transformation to extract the slope and intercept parameters, which can be physically interpreted as an engine order and a natural frequency using coordinate transformation. Finally, the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed method are verified by simulations and experiments under uniformly and nonuniformly variable speed conditions.     

Passive localization by a single moving observer using TOA only with unknown SRI: Observability analysis and algorithm

Passive localization by a single moving observer using Time of Arrival (TOA) only with an unknown Signal Repetition Interval (SRI) is investigated in this paper. Observability analysis is performed first. The observability condition for uniquely determining the emitter position and SRI is derived. The conditional Cramer-Rao Lower Bound (CRLB) is also analyzed. It is found that the ambiguity of the SRI integer of the first TOA does not affect the theoretical estimation precision of the emitter position and SRI. A Reference-Fixed Differential TOA (RFDTOA)-based Iterative Maximum Likelihood Estimator (IMLE) is proposed, which only needs O(M) computational operations. Theoretical analysis and simulation results show that the Mean Square Error (MSE) of the proposed algorithm could attain the CRLB with moderate Gaussian measurement noise.     

航空发动机全飞行包线稳态划分方法研究

航空发动机在鲁棒控制器设计过程中存在飞行包线区域难以系统划分的问题,为此,提出基于推力耗油率特性和基于动压耗油率特性的航空发动机飞行包线划分法。根据某型涡扇发动机在全包线范围内稳态工作时的推力、耗油率及动压特性,结合大气条件的客观规律,通过两种划分方法将飞行包线划分为65 个区域,用每个区域对应标称点的参数代替其周围小偏差区域和边界点参数。通过对该发动机全包线内各区域标称点与边界点参数的对比,证明两种方法均对全飞行包线划分有效,可为后续航空发动机控制器设计提供理论基础。     

新型航空发动机空气冷却器流动传热性能试验

空气冷却器是航空发动机中空气热量交换的重要场所,针对传统扰动结构强化换热不足问题,重点研究了空气冷却器 中扰动结构的结构形貌特征与流动换热的关系。以三周期极小曲面结构为基础,设计制造了D型极小曲面扰动结构、P型极小曲 面扰动结构和基于Sigmoid函数杂化方法的D-P型（P-D型）结构。并利用纳米CT重构出样品的3维数字特征,试验研究了不同结 构来流速度与压降、换热性能和综合换热性能的关系。结果表明：D型极小曲面结构具有最优的压降、换热性能和综合换热性能： D-P型杂化极小曲面结构的阻力系数f最大,比D型结构的高56.81%;D型的平均努塞尔数Nu比P型的高18.49%,P-D和D-P杂 化结构的换热性能比P型结构的有效提高;P-D型D-P型杂化结构的Nu分别比P型结构的高2%和8.27%。在4种结构中,D型结 构的综合换热性能最优,分别比P型、P-D型、D-P型结构的高40.35%、57.2%、71.02%。